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Czechs and Germans in Prague: a competition of associational life at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries
Kočárková, Kateřina ; Zelená, Alena (advisor) ; Emler, David (referee)
The work is devoted to Czech-German coexistence in Prague, at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. In 1848, the Czechs found themselves in the involuntary role of supporters of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, within which the Czech-speaking population had to live alongside the Germans, who also belonged to the territory. The coexistence of the two nations was unproblematic, rather variable, which was also reflected in the political and social spheres of life. The Czech-German coexistence was important for the development of the associational life. The creation and subsequent competition of these associations are the focus of this thesis. Three Czech institutions which were important for the contemporary cultural and social life and which had an analogous German pair were selected: The National Theatre and the New German Theatre, the Arco Cafe and the Union, and the Deutsches Casino together with the Měšťanská beseda. Their friendly and hostile tendencies and competition between them were examined.
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Czechoslovak Housing Estates in the Late Socialism: Ideology, Practice, and Criticism
Sirisornpattapon, Ponpassorn ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Šmidrkal, Václav (referee)
Czechoslovak housing estates built in the last two decades of state-socialism can be viewed as a socialist spatial entity with its own uniqueness and local characteristics specific to the circumstances of socialist Czechoslovakia during the "normalisation" era. These housing estates appeared from the beginning of the 1970s in big cities such as in Prague and Bratislava provided a new kind of living space for the residents. The ideas behind the creation of these estates were not only related to their physical appearance which shows the direct connection to modernist architecture, but also the aspiration of socialist ideologues to make a positive change in the name of socialist modernisation. Although the post-war socialist centralization of the Czechoslovak state and architectural practice endorses the notion of collective endeavour, the construction of housing estates for all as a part of the "building of socialism" program was attacked by contemporary critiques as providing the premises for the citizens' retreat into the private sphere. These estates could be argued to have caused a psychological impact and worked to shape a new lifestyle and mentality of the residents whose lives epitomized the main theme of normalisation-era: the quiet lives away from politics. Different poles of criticism to...
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Individual-Volk Concept in Nazi Ideology: Ideological Prehistory and Nazi Power-Seizure
Chen, Qian ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Šmidrkal, Václav (referee)
The Nazi utopian ideal Volksgemeinschaft, both as a core concept in the Nazi ideology and a vocal point in German ideological history, attempting to build up the national community in the German particular way, has contributed as the key element to contrive people's consent both in achieving the Nazi power-seizure and in forming the dynamics in the Third Reich. The term itself involves, however, not only an exploration of shaping a national community of the German people united under denotations like Volk, Gemeinschaft, Volksgemeinschaft, but also redefined the boundaries and relations between the individuals within to this community. This paper aims to present the trials in the German ideological history in pursuing national unity through community building as a foreground, to put forth an explanation for Nazi reception in the interwar German circumstances: the Nazi interpretation of national community under Volksgemeinschaft, its similarities and divergencies from the former community concepts, the efficacy and power in winning public at its takeover and thirteen-year-long national practice. The analytical structure of the entire paper is tailored according to this research design, starting from national endeavor in the German ideological history, followed by extensive analysis of Weimar Germany...
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Image of the Other - Czechs in German Carricatures
Raková, Pavlína ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Filipová, Lucie (referee)
The thesis focuses on the image of Czechs in German caricatures. The image of Czechs is researched on caricatures through historical timeline consisting of milestones of Czech- German relationship. The first chapter focuses on Czech-German tension from times of Badeni's language ordinances to Ann's patents. Furthermore, the image of Czechs is investigated in period of Great War. The focus is primarily on the rise of independent Czechoslovakia because main hypothesis states that the image of Czechs was intensified after this event. The next researched time period is year 1933 as Nazi party took over. The last researched period is time period 1937-1939. The focus is on death of T. G. Masaryk. The thesis is complemented by Austrian caricatures which aim to extend the image of Czechs by Austrian view. The Austrian image of Czechs is then compared to German one. Analysis is made through image analysis of German and Austrian caricatures. The research is done on 35 historical caricatures and is supported by secondary literature. The caricatures were picked from major satirical-humoristic magazines such as Simplicissimus, Kladderadatsch, Fliegende Blätter, Kikeriki and Figaro.
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The Fight for the Freedom of Speech: Baden and German Liberalism in the 1830s
Návojová, Kateřina ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Emler, David (referee)
This master thesis examines the political and particular media situation in 1832, with the stress on spreading the liberal ideas and their attempt to influence the public via one typical German journal for this period. Over six months, there was an extraordinary situation in Baden, when the censorship was restricted and suddenly there arose, for this period, unexpected possibilities for journalists. As a reaction to reduction of censorship, the journal Der Freisinnige was established. Although its existence was short-lived, manifestation of liberal values and reflection of contemporary opinions is evident. This journal was more important and powerful than any other because of the cooperation with one of the main initiators of liberalism, Karl von Rotteck, who was also active in politics. This connection of two roles was very powerful. Freedom of speech, understood as one of the major liberal demands, allowed the practical promotion of liberal ideas among citizens. This case study pays attention to this particular year, within the political inclinations and tendencies over the period 1815-1832 of the Grand Duchy of Baden and former German Confederation. There were clear connections to the events in the first third of the nineteen century, that made the short-time fall of censorship happen. At the...
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Expulsion of the German Population from Poprad after year 1944
Mrštinová, Andrea ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Šmidrkal, Václav (referee)
The goal of my bachelor thesis "Expulsion of German residents from Poprad after 1944 with the emphasis on exemptions from the expulsion of German residents" is is to provide a view of the circumstances of the displacement of the German population from Poprad and thus to understand the regional history of Poprad in Slovakia. The bachelor thesis is divided into four parts. In the first part I present the geographical and content definition of the theme, like the background in which the German residents lived until 1945. In the second part, I focus on securing the German population in the camps in Poprad, while the subchapter is devoted to the removal of Germans from Poprad itself. In the third part, with using archival documents and literature, I divide German residents into categories of who have been an exempt from expulsion for various reasons, and I describe these reasons. In the fourth part, following the third chapter, I create a typology and briefly summarize the research.
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The Influence of the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games on the Foreign Policy of Nazi Germany and its Image in the International Community
Pokorný, Jiří ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Smetana, Vít (referee)
The theme of the bachelor thesis is the influence of the 1936 Summer Olympic Games on the foreign policy of Nazi Germany and its image in the international community. The thesis aims to verify whether the Nazis managed to use the Olympic Games to improve the image of Nazi Germany abroad and then to leave the unfavorable foreign policy position in which it was located. The bachelor thesis is divided into two well-arranged parts, in the first one the author deals with the starting position of Germany in the international community and his foreign policy before the Olympic Games. In addition, in this section he deals with the Olympic Games themselves. In the second part, based on newspaper articles and an internal report produced by the Foreign Office, the author investigates the influence of the Olympic Games on the image of Germany abroad and later on its foreign policy. The Nazis sharply opposed the Olympics at a time when they were assigned to the fragile Weimar Republic as an award for their efforts to return the country to the cultural society of modern states. However, they realized in time what opportunity they had been given, and after joining the power they organized with great effort spectacular and, in many ways, progressive games that predetermined the direction the Olympic Movement would...
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The Comparison of the Film Propaganda in the German Reich and in the Soviet Union
Tvrdá, Kristina ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Zelená, Alena (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of film propaganda in Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. The first part briefly describes the definition of propaganda and propaganda techniques in those films. This second and third chapter will cover the German and Russian film industry during the 1920s and 1940s and the creation of propaganda films. Film propaganda has become both a procist and for the Soviets one of the most effective ways of manipulating the population. In addition to mastering cinematography, focusing on various content of propaganda films, which are derived from individual ideologies. The fourth chapter, which presents the practical part of this work, compares two Nazi and two Soviet propaganda films based on three criteria. The first criterion is the use of a propaganda technique in a film that represents their propaganda character. In the case of a different procedure, it should be noted that these are cases where there is an infringement. Selected films often relate only to its propaganda system, but also to ist editing or music which mainly concerns the viewer's subconscious. The aim of the thesis is the responsibility of the queries, which are different or the form of the propaganda technique and technique used.
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