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Czech large carnivores in the science education
NOVOTNÁ, Karolína
This bachelor's thesis is focused on the topic "Large carnivores in the Czech Republic in the teaching of biology". The first part of the thesis is focused on the occurrence and importance of large carnivores in the Czech Republic. The next chapter deals with how biology teachers at primary and secondary education in our country deal with the topic and the embedding of the topic in RVP, ŠVP and other educational programs in Czechia. The aim of this work is to verify research questions on how primary and secondary school biology teachers in the Czech Republic teach this topic using a questionnaire distributed to the largest possible number of science teachers.
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Hand training in people with multiple sclerosis in home enviroment
Boudová, Alžběta ; Novotná, Klára (advisor) ; Klimošová, Sylva (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name, Surname: Alžběta Boudová Supervisor: Mgr. Klára Novotná, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Eliška Rotbartová Title: The practice of a hand functioning in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis at their home environment Abstract: The bachelor thesis focuses on the training of hand function in patients with multiple sclerosis in the home environment. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease leading to demyelination of nerve fibres and their subsequent loss. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to compare the feasibility and effect of different types of therapies aimed at improving upper limb function in people with multiple sclerosis. The types of therapy include conventional outpatient occupational therapy intervention, outpatient intervention with elements of music therapy, telerehabilitation occupational therapy intervention, telerehabilitation intervention with elements of music therapy. The bachelor thesis contains a practical part and a theoretical part. The theoretical part describes the disease multiple sclerosis, risk factors, clinical picture, forms of the disease and treatment options. It also deals with the function of the upper limb and the possibilities of assessment, the possibilities of training hand function are mentioned. Methods of telerehabilitation and music...
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The influence of physiotherapy in irregular menstrual cycle
Skalická, Františka ; Fabičovic, Klaudia (advisor) ; Novotná, Klára (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Františka Skalická Supervisor: Mgr. Klaudia Fabičovic Consultant: MUDr. Vendula Parmová Title of bachelor thesis: The influence of physiotherapy in irregular menstrual cycle Abstract: Menstrual cycle disorders are nowadays a very common problem for many women. These include dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, functional female sterility or luteal insufficiency. Their etiology may also be associated with musculoskeletal dysfunction. Luteal insufficiency is considered to be a luteal phase of less than 12 days. This condition may be one of the possible causes of infertility, but studies on this topic are lacking. The aim of my bachelor's thesis is to evaluate the influence of luteal insufficiency using diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in physiotherapy. Three women with luteal insufficiency underwent individually tailored physiotherapy ongoing for 6 months with the aim of prolonging the luteal phase. The symptothermal method was used to objectify the length of the luteal phase before and after therapy, allowing easy and reliable control of the menstrual cycle and increasing the likelihood of conception through accurate timing of the fertile period. The main 4 pillars of therapy were postural correction, elimination of functional changes in the musculoskeletal system,...
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The needs of family members of patients in the terminal stage of life
Novotná, Kristýna ; Matulová, Jana (advisor) ; Mrkvičková, Petra (referee)
Name and surname of the author: Kristýna Novotná Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of Non-mediacal Studies Title: The needs of family members of patients in the terminal stage of life Supervisor: Mgr. Jana Matulová Number of pages: 100 Year of defense: 2023 Keywords: hospice, palliative care, dying, family members, needs The bachelor thesis deals with the needs of family members of patients in the terminal stage of life. The theoretical part focuses on palliative and hospice care. It introduces the reader to the issues of dying and death. It explains the concept of need and presents the basic needs of patients in the terminal stage of life and their family members. It specifies the needs of nurses working in palliative care and introduces therapeutic communication between nursing staff and the patient. For the empirical part, a quantitative survey was chosen in the form of a semi-structured questionnaire. The research was conducted in the Lůžkový Hospic Chrudim. The aim of the study is to define the needs that family members of patients in the terminal stage of life hospitalized in the hospice consider the most important, to assess whether these needs are met and to evaluate what helps family members to cope with the psychological burden in...
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Design and Synthesis of Prodrugs of 6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine; Potential Treatment for Glioblastoma
Novotná, Kateřina ; Majer, Pavel (advisor) ; Rýček, Lukáš (referee)
6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON, 1) is a non-standard amino acid with proven antitumor activity found in soil bacteria of the genus Streptomyces. However, due to the considerable systemic toxicity manifested mainly in the gastrointestinal tract, DON alone is not a suitable clinical candidate for the treatment of cancer. One of the ways to solve the problem of its toxicity is the reversible structural modification of this molecule by protecting both its amino group and carboxyl functional group, by preparing the so-called prodrug of DON. The prepared prodrug may suitably alter the distribution of DON in the body and at the same time increase its permeability to brain tissue. Due to this structural modification, its side effects can be eliminated and a substance for the treatment of brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), can potentially be formed. In my dissertation, five strategies for the specific delivery of DON to the brain using different types of its prodrugs are discussed. The new prodrugs are designed to be either capable of spontaneous penetration across the blood-brain barrier or of being a substrate for one of its influx transporters. At the same time, these prodrugs should be stable in other metabolically active organs and blood plasma in order to sufficiently reduce the...
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The Independency Training in Person with Multiple Sclerosis in Home Environment
Fabriková, Anna ; Novotná, Klára (advisor) ; Rodová, Zuzana (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name, Surname: Anna Fabriková Supervisor: Mgr. Klára Novotná, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Eliška Rotbartová Title: The Independency Training in Person with Multiple Sclerosis in Home Environment Abstract: This theoretical and practical bachelor thesis deals with the possibilities of occupational therapy for increasing or maintaining self-sufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with higher degree of neurological disability (i.e., patients with EDSS>7). The MS disease, issues of self-sufficiency, palliative care, and some options for social benefits, are described in the theoretical part. The practical part includes 3 case reports of patients of the Centre for Demyelinating Diseases of the Neurological Clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University in Prague. All patients completed 6 individual occupational therapy sessions in their home environment. The therapy effect was evaluated by the Barthel Index, modified Frenchay scale and by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Key words: multiple sclerosis, occupational therapy, rehabilitation, independency, activities of daily living, home environment
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Item analysis as a tool for the evaluation of didactic tests: the example of the course Statistics for geographers
Novotná, Kateřina ; Netrdová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
In today's education system, we often encounter poorly created didactic tests that do not actually test the knowledge and skills acquired through teaching, or only test them to a limited extent. For example, if items for closed-ended questions are unprofessionally created, students may even guess the correct answers without having any knowledge and skills in the subject area. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to evaluate the quality of closed-ended questions with a range of possible answers on the example of the final tests of the course Statistics for Geographers and, based on the obtained results, to recommend adjustments to specific items. The evaluation will be done based on item analysis using the ShinyItemAnalysis web application. In the case of poorly functioning questions, based on the results of the analysis, their modifications will be proposed so that they are more suitable for didactic testing. In the theoretical part, the bachelor's thesis will focus on the didactic test as a specific evaluation tool, its forms, individual types of test tasks and recommendations for their creation. Everything will be supplemented with specific examples from the field of statistics. The space will also be devoted to techniques of guessing answers, characteristics of test tasks and test theories....
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Classic confectionery in modern trend in theoretical and practical teaching
Kozlová, Jana ; Novotná, Kateřina (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "Classic confectionery products in a modern trend in theoretical and practical teaching" focuses on a basic division into Macaroon products and Pavlov's desserts and their description. The main part contains a description of new ingredients, technological procedures and the production of Macarons and Pavlova desserts and their decoration. The thesis contains the confectionery production development and history and the difference between classic and modern confectionery. In my work, I present the use of new gluten-free and lactose-free raw materials and semi-finished products that are used in confectionery production. The practical part describes the use of new raw ingreadients in professional training and practice kitchen. A survey of pupils from two schools is presented and also my own confectionery work. KEYWORDS Confectioner, confectionary production, history of confectionary production, hygiene and sanitation. Vocational training in confectionery, new trends, product filling technique, decorating technique, theoretical and practical teaching of new materials, technological procedures.
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Pupils'self-assessment at elementary school
Reine, Petra ; Novotná, Kateřina (advisor) ; Laufková, Veronika (referee)
The thesis deals with self-evaluation of pupils at the secondary school. The goal was to describe concept of self-evaluation in relation to school assessment and to introduce self-assessment into health education classes in 6th grades at secondary school. The research included designing and applying several techniques of self-evaluation at the secondary school and then describing and reflecting on the whole process. The theoretical part focuses on the evaluation of pupils at school, including the analysis of current curriculum documents and legislation. Furthermore, the elements that support the student's learning are described here. The last part of the theoretical part deals with self- evaluation. It defines the term self-evaluation and describes the effects of self-assessment on the student and also includes a presentation of various self-assessment techniques. The practical part was realized as an action research. It describes the process of implementing of self-evaluation, including overcoming minor obstacles that arose during the research. The research was carried out in the 6th grade at secondary school in health education classes. The preparatory phase of the analysis of school documents was followed by the initial data collection, which consisted of observations of pupils and further...
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A comparison of teachers' attitudes towards qualitative and quantitative assessment before and after the Covid-19 pandemic
Výborná, Andrea ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Novotná, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze a sample of 46 Czech first-grade pedagogues, whether there was a change in their perspective on verbal assessment after distance learning due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This work is divided into two parts. The introductory part of the first, theoretical part contains information from scientific publications regarding the concept of assessment in general, its functions, its types and forms. In the next part, the theoretical part deals with quantitative and qualitative assessment with an emphasis on their influence on the student's motivation. In the second, practical part, I compared the results of 2 researches carried out by me in the form of a questionnaire. One was implemented in 2020 and the second, enriched with 2 update questions, was implemented in 2023 on the same sample of respondents. The conclusion of the thesis contains the answer to the question posed at the beginning of my diploma thesis. From the data collected from my 46 respondents, it appears that educators' views on verbal assessment did not change significantly after distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic, although there was a slightly more positive perception of verbal assessment.
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