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Through the labyrinth of revolution. The actors, plots and intersections of a political crisis (from November 1989 to June 1990)
Suk, Jiří ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Vaněk, Miroslav (referee) ; Gjuričová, Adéla (referee)
Domnívám se, že v zásadě je možný trojí přístup ke zkoumání toho, co samo sebe nazvalo "sametovou (něžnou) revolucí". Značný a stále rostoucí počet autorů věnuje pozornost komparativní analýze pádu komunistických režimů ve středovýchodní Evropě roku 1989. Největší předností komparací, které nebývají založené na archivním bádání, je široký záběr mapující celý politický terén někdejší "jiné Evropy". Cena kvalitních studií - většinou politologické provenience - spočívá v neotřelých postřezích, v odhalování zajímavých analogií, totožností i rozdílů. Inspirativní i provokativní teze podněcují diskusi, vybízejí k souhlasné i nesouhlasné reakci. Vnášejí do ní novou terminologii, metodické inovace a interpretační hypotézy, které okysličují bádání založené výhradně na archivních pramenech.1 Zatímco komparativní analýza vychází z horizontální perspektivy, historické bilancování je založeno na perspektivě vertikální. Krouží kolem podstatných otázek souvisejících tak či onak se zlomovými body česko-slovenských dějin: ... 1918 - 1938 - 1939 - 1945 - 1948 - 1968 - 1989 - 1992 ... Meditace o "smyslu českých dějin" mají u nás silnou tradici, v současnosti však nemnoho osobností vládnoucích pronikavou silou vhledu do podstaty minulých dějů. Nejde totiž o nic menšího než osvětlit naši přítomnost v souvislostech běžnému...
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Comparison of the relationship of the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party and the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the postwar years 1945-1948
Kočí, Jakub ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor work compares the relationship of the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party and the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the term of the third Czechoslovak Republic, that implies in the postwar years 1945-1948. The aim of this text is to interpret the examined relationships in the context of selected internal political event, in which proved the similarities and differences among these three socialist parties. First, the text sketches the postwar restoration of the activity of political parties, the approval of the Košice government programme and the creation of the National Front. Then follows a passage devoted to the Czechoslovakian parliamentary elections to the Constituent National Assembly in 1946 and an analysis of the debates on the nationalization and the land reform. Another part of this text deals with the disputes about the millionaire's taxes, that caused not only the internal political conflicts, but it escalated even more the contradictions within social democracy, which subsequently changed the party chairman on the Brno congress. The last part of the text concerns the events of February 1948, which became fully apparent the dissension of the National Front, where then took place opinion collisions especially between the...
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Ion Iliescu and his role in the forming of the modern romanian democracy
Kocian, Jiří ; Tejchman, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šístek, František (referee)
The problems of Romanian transition to democracy after the year 1989 were in large part determined by the form of previous regime. Because of the extreme pressure and control exercised on the opposition and personal dictatorship of the regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu, no major dissent groups or opposition centers possessing the potential to take part in the overthrow of the regime existed. In the swift and still unclear events of December 1989, National Salvation Front rose to hold the power, being directed by Ion Iliescu at the same time. As a formerly top positioned communist apparatchik, who had been swept out from his status after several conflicts with Ceausescu, he transferred almost complete communist structure under the newly formed regime, including Securitate, the secret service. Deconstruction of the former regime was actually performed by the execution of the former president and his wife and by trials of several Securitate generals. Iliescu concentrated overwhelming majority of the state power around NSF and in contradiction with his original proclamations postponed transition to democracy. New regime, which was led by Ion Iliescu demonstrated in its ideological presentation and exercise of power apparent similarities with the era of communist rule, nevertheless, it worked under formal...
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From the Wold of Business to the World of Planned Distribution. A Look into Development of Czech Consumer Cooperatives: 1945-1956 (Ústí nad Labem Region)
Slavíček, Jan ; Kubů, Eduard (advisor) ; Jančík, Drahomír (referee) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
From the Wold of Business to the World of Planned Distribution A Look into the Development of Czech Consumer Cooperatives: 1945 - 1956 (Ústí nad Labem Region) The dissertation deals with changes in the content, forms and roles of the Czech consumer co- operatives in the years 1945 - 1956. This issue is a theme in four surveyed areas (territorially - organizational structure, the role of co-operatives in the Czechoslovak economy, relations with the Communist Party, economic activity of co-operatives). These are prerequisites of the transformation of consumer cooperatives from autonomous business entities in the subordinate sections of the state-organized distribution. The dissertation analyzes this transformation in its various stages and puts it into a broader context of Sovietisation, creation of a system of centrally planned economy and the economic, social and political development of Czechoslovakia during the researched period. Keywords: economic history, co-operatives, consumer co-operatives, Sovietisation, centrally planned economy, 1945-1956
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The Differences Between the Hungarian and Roma Minorities' Situation in the Contemporary Romania
Stejskalová, Michaela ; Kocián, Jiří (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the status differences between the Hungarian and Roma minorities after an accession to the EU in 2007. It examines how the approaches of Romanian government and the European Union differ toward the minorities and it characterises major challenges of the minorities in four different aspects - education, employment, housing conditions and political representation. Romani people started getting more attention from the Bucharest government when the country decided to join the European integration process. The EU was monitoring the situation of the Roma community regularly and decided to publish a framework strategy for Roma inclusion in 2011 which served as an example for member countries. Romanian government elaborated its own strategy within a year and updated it in 2014. This document provides a list of instructions to all Romanian institutions how to tackle the problems Romani community faces such as discrimination in hiring process, school segregation, bad housing conditions or poor representation in politics. The Hungarian minority has considerably better position in Romania than Roma people. Compared to other minorities this community is represented by solid number of politicians and Hungarian party UDMR has been part of the Romanian parliament since the election...
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Industrial Heritage of Kladno
Rojková, Veronika ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Rak, Jiří (referee)
Industrial buildings and businesses are inherently to face the Central Bohemian city of Kladno. Through field research is captured in the work of the Kladno current state of industrial monuments and mapped their history. I used only specific cases that are written between technical monuments and they are interesting both from a historical and urban or technical perspective. Thanks capture the historical and contemporary situation arose holistic view of technical monuments in the area and at the same time there was a familiarity with the approach and in terms of the industrial heritage. The work is divided into three main parts. The first is devoted to an introduction to the issues and explain the basic concepts. The second part focuses on the history of metallurgy and mining in the Kladno and also explores the main sights, except where their history is mentioned as the current status. The third section shows the current utilization of monuments, looking for inspiration in the Czech Republic and abroad, how to dispose of unused objects and finally introduces activities that help attract the public's interest in technical monuments and sights mainly to help themselves. The conclusion summarizes the main ideas and conclusions of the work. The main goal was to bring one of the cities with industrial...
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Political persecution of soldiers since February 1948
Sládková, Daniela ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Fojtek, Vít (referee)
The bachelor paper "Political persecution of soldiers since February 1948" describes persecution of soldiers in the above mentioned era in connection with class-struggle, searching for the state enemy and building so called "Great Army". The thesis describes main means of persecution, their executors and tools and also tries to find out whether the fates of individual soldiers were similar and how they fit in the typology of persecuted groups. The thesis also introduces stories of two soldiers who became victims of this political despotism.
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