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Smoking and weight.
Pánková, Alexandra ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee) ; Kolek, Vitezslav (referee)
Tobacco use is closely related to changes in body weight. Undesired weight gain following smoking cessation occurs in most patients. The mechanism responsible for changes in body weight post cessation are only partially understood. Several hypotheses have suggested a temporary increase in blood pressure following smoking cessation. In addition, weight concerns after quitting are common, and may affect tobacco dependence treatment outcomes. The aim of our study was to monitor changes in body weight, blood pressure, incretins and selected hormonal parameters among ex-smokers after three months of abstinence. We also examined factors associated with smoking-related weight concerns. We monitored and evaluated selected parameters (personal history, questionnaires, anthropometric, biochemical, hormonal) and compared before and after tobacco dependece treatment, if patients underwent such treatment. We found that smoking cessation was associated with weight gain. Smokers who were more tobacco dependent or more sedentary were at increased risk. The prevalence of diagnosis hypertension did not differ among non-smokers, former smokers and smokers adjusting for age and BMI. In the pilot phase of our study we demonstrated that three months of smoking abstinence was associated with an increase in serum leptin...
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Barriers to Continuing Education of the Unemployed in the Age Groups Endangered in the Labor Market
Kolomazník, Tomáš ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Numerato, Dino (referee)
Autor práce: Bc. Tomáš Kolomazník Název práce: Bariéry dalšího vzdělávání nezaměstnaných z hlediska věku ohrožených na trhu práce Abstract The thesis "Barriers to continuing education of the unemployed in the age groups endangered in the labor market" examines the barriers to continuing education in unemployed groups of age 15-25 and 50-64 in the Czech Republic, both of which are often referred to as disadvantaged in the labor market. These age groups are characterized by a low rate of participation in continuing education, while having very specific needs and problems. The aim of this work is to identify the most frequent barriers in the education of the above-mentioned groups, to find out the differences between them and to explore their sociodemographic predictors. For the statistical analysis, data from the Kooperace research conducted by the Fund of Further Education was used. The first chapter defines the concepts of adult education, disadvantaged groups in labor market and introduces different concepts of barriers to education. Furthermore, the most important surveys of adult education in the Czech Republic are presented. In the methodological chapter, seven barrier dimensions have been examined, such as lack of self- confidence, insufficient relevance of adult education supply, lack of time, low...
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Specific Problems of Sociological Research on Animal Abuse and Proposal of their Solutions
Obermajerová, Kristýna ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of sociological research on animal abuse. It identifies the basic problems that this research has to deal with, these problems are described in detail and a solution is proposed in the form of the construction of a new research tool. Subsequently, an attempt is made to validate this newly created research tool, its weaknesses and strengths are summed up and further possible research in this area is discussed. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the problem of animal abuse is introduced in the historical context first, and then a summary of basic problems of sociological exploration of this phenomenon is presented. The final chapter of this section addresses the issue of ethical aspects of animal abuse research. The methodological part presents the design of the research, the process of construction of a new research tool and the methods and approaches used. The analytical part summarizes the knowledge obtained during the cognitive interviews that were conducted in order to validate the newly created research tool. The benefits and limitations of the new instrument are discussed and proposals are made to continue the research on this issue.
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Evolution of attitudes of tobacco and its usage in Czech population
Bureš, Roman ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
There are many points of view at tobacco. Smoking has obvious social, political, medical and economical consequences. Tobacco is known by mankind for several centuries and for the same period mankind has had attitudes towards smoking and tobacco. In this bachelor thesis author tries to outline evolution of discussion about tobacco and its noxiousness and especially evolution of attitudes connected with it. Main aim of thesis is to describe evolution of attitudes towards tobacco and its usage of czech population in analyzed period. Author assumes that smoking attitudes are more negative than in the past. In this thesis author stands on theory of denormalization. Moreover author describes denormalization of tobacco and recent discussions. Research is made of using analysis of secondary data of Sociologický ústav Akademie Věd České republiky. Besides evolution of tobacco attitudes and its usage author also examines attitudes of several factors to smoking attitudes and tobacco usage. Between these factors belongs age and gender of respondents and also if respondent is a smoker or not. Moreover author examines if there are any apparent attitudes of tobacco denormalization.
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The Impact of Low Expectations on the Education of Czech Roma e indigenous Australians
Rambousková, Hana ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Kandert, Josef (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is education of two ethnic minorities living in different majority societies and in different parts of the world - Czech Roma population and Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The author presents relevant sociological critical theories of education and outlines the history of the examined minorities and the development of the approach of the majority society towards these minorities. She focuses on the consequences of discrimination of minorities in the area of education. She identifies similarities between the life conditions of the examined minorities, as well as certain differences arising from different social conditions. One of the common features of both minorities is a low standard of education, which has a negative impact on all spheres of their life (for example, employment, housing conditions, health, and life expectancy). Two case studies presented by the author suggest that the low level of education of minority population is a consequence of wrong education policies in the countries under examination. The main cause of the failure of Roma children in Czech schools and of the children of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australian schools is not their incapability but rather the low expectations of their teachers, who put on...
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Individual food self-sufficiency in Czech Republic: case study of permaculture oriented families and individuals
Soukup Tůmová, Terézia ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Kandert, Josef (referee)
This diploma thesis is a descriptive case study of permaculture oriented families and individuals in the Czech Republic, who are aiming for food self-sufficiency. The goal is to describe the lifestyle of self-supplying food producers, their strive for permacultural principles of sustainable development and the making of agricultural systems. The main focus is on describing the economical and material background of households, their strategies and practices for achieving food self-sufficiency, and motivation and difficulties related to this matter. Data were collected by observing and interviewing 8 permaculture households.
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Attitude of people to employment agency and agency employment in the Czech Republic
Lexová, Adéla ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Kuchař, Pavel (referee)
Agency employment is a unique flexible tool, which is able to respond quickly to changing conditions and demands of the current labour market. It also provides flexible employment contracts and employment to risk groups in the labour market, thereby it helps to reduce unemployment. However, the flexibility of agency work is accompanied by high uncertainty. Agency employment is in the Czech Republic still underestimated and its use does not reach the level of most European countries. This may be caused by the prejudices and stereotypes of Czech society based on the generalization of the illegal activities of some employment agencies on all agencies and by the importance of job security for the majority of the Czech population. The aim was to detect and analyze the attitude of the people to the employment agencies and agency employment. Results from own representative research showed that people in the Czech Republic don't trust to employment agencies, they wouldn't use the while searching the job and they wouldn't accept the job in the form of agency employment. Their attitudes then differ depending on their own experience with agency employment, their awareness of functioning of employment agencies and sociodemographic characteristics, namely gender, education and personal income. Created typology showed...
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Needs Assessment of towns, schools and churches involved in Fairtrade towns campaign
Chmel, Václav ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
The thesis provides a need assessment of towns, schools and local religious congregations that joined the Fairtrade Towns campaign. It is framed into a broad topic beginning with global issues, going through the concept of fair trade to the subject of this research. The author reflects his approach and explains why the system theory and theory of autopoiesis was chosen as an interpretive framework for analysing data. Having regard to the methods, the thesis uses needs assessment approach. Its interpretive possibilities are later used. The author focuses on the formulation of hypotheses before the implementation of qualitative interviews as the main research method. Final hypotheses served as a guide for research. The author performs analysis of available resources and uses his own quantitative data analysis findings that used confirmatory factor analysis and logistic regression. Qualitative interviews were conducted and thematic analysis was made. Than aforementioned analyses approaches were used too. The needs of subjects that joined the campaign were found out, described and assessed.
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