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The issue of alkylderivatives of mercury in biotic matrices
Zajícová, Markéta ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Alkyl derivatives of mercury, especially methylmercury, bring a significant risk to the environment and the human population. Methylmercury is highly toxic compound, which have the potential to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in tissues of aquatic organisms. This diploma thesis deals with issues of alkyl derivatives of mercury in biotic matrices. The goal of this thesis was to analyze fish tissues. Fish were caught from the river Svratka at the inflow and at the outflow of wastewater treatment plant. Methylmercury was determined in fish muscles and skin. Total mercury was determined in fish muscles. The extraction based on acidic digestion in hydrochloric acid and subsequent extraction with toluene was used for isolation of methylmercury from fish tissues. There was used gas chromatography with electron capture microdetector for determination of methylmercury. Total mercury was determined by special analyzer AMA 254.
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Facial expressions of emotions
Zajícová, Markéta ; Bahbouh, Radvan (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
Title: Facial Expressions of Emotions Author: Bc. Markéta Zajícová Department: Department of Psychology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts Supervisor: doc. PhDr. MUDr. Mgr. Radvan Bahbouh, Ph.D. Abstract: The theses is dedicated to facial expressions of emotions, it begins with a brief introduction to the topic of emotions as one of the cognitive functions, there is a definition of the term, classification of emotions and their psychopathology, it briefly summarizes the various theories of emotions. The greater part of the theoretical section is devoted to basic emotions and their manifestation in the face, as well as the ability to recognize and imitate them. The theoretical part is closed by the topic of emotional intelligence as a unifying element that highlights the importance of this issue. Empirical part is primarily focused on two abilities related to facial expressions of emotions, specifically the recognition and the production of them, then links these capabilities with additional characteristics as the gender, the education and their self-estimation. The main finding of this theses is that there is a statistical significant relationship (ρ=0.35, α=0.05) between the emotion recognition and production. Key words: Basic Emotion, Facial Expressions of Emotions, Emotion Recognition,...
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Specifics of dying and grieving during the Covid-19 pandemic
Zindulková, Markéta ; Zajícová, Markéta (advisor) ; Červinková, Monika (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of dying and grieving during the Covid-19 pandemic. Its aim is to describe this issue in the Czech environment and to provide summary and background to facilitate further research. The theoretical part describes what attitudes Czech society has towards death and how these attitudes have evolved. It also focuses on end-of-life care during the pandemic. A significant part of the thesis is devoted to bereaved mourners, the process of grieving, complicated grief and the impact that the pandemic had on this process. The research design includes both a qualitative and quantitative section, and both of these sections focus on the grieving process of mourners of SARS-CoV-2 victims. The qualitative part focuses on aspects related to the Covid-19 pandemic that impact the grieving process.
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Possibilities utilization of features of jenaplan in Czech special education
Zajícová, Markéta ; Mužáková, Monika (advisor) ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with the development of new education and alternative education. It describes the origins and the development of the most known and the most frequent alternative schools in Western civilisation. The thesis follows the interconnection between alternative schools, their common features and objectives. Furthermore, the thesis focuses in greater detail on one type of the alternative education known as jenaplan. It describes the characteristics typical for schools using jenaplan and it compares alternative education system in Holland and in the Czech republic. The aim of this research is to find possible utilization of features of jenaplan in special education. The thesis observes also those features that are important for jenaplan and are already employed in special schools. The last question of the research is the possibility to integrate a pupil with disabilities in elementary school that uses jenaplan. The basic data for this research come from interviews with experienced special educators, who teach in special schools for disabled children with mental disabilities, and from interviews with educators who are familiar with jenaplan. The objective of this thesis is to refresh pedagogical stereotypes in special education and to encourage the integration of features of alternative education...
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Self Compassion in Population of Obese Patients
Ringelová, Valentina ; Zajícová, Markéta (advisor) ; Taušová, Jitka (referee)
Obesity is a growing problem of our society; its prevalence is almost reaching 60 %. It is a complexproblem,influencedbyphysical, psychological, andsocial factors,soits therapyneeds to be approached holistically. However, weight management programmes are not effective enough and health care professionals are trying to develop a new approach. Still emerging findings about self-compassion (= a kind way of relating to oneself when experiencing pain) suggest its potential effectivity in obesity treatment. People with obesity tend to lack self- compassion, so the new approaches aim to increase their level of compassion. This could support people's adherence to a weight management plan.
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Psychological factors of weight loss in patients after bariatric surgery
Zajícová, Markéta ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Müllerová, Dana (referee) ; Král, Pavel (referee)
Title: Psychological Factors of Weight Loss in Patients after Bariatric Surgery Author: PhDr. Markéta Zajícová Department: Department of Psychology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts Supervisor: PhDr. Tamara Hrachovinová, PhD. Abstract: Obesity with its comorbidities has enormous impacts on the life of the individual as well as the whole society. Therefore, the attention is paid to the treatment of obesity, where bariatric surgery appears to be one of the most effective. The surgical solution offers excellent results in terms of weight reduction in the short- and medium-term period, but the increased number of weigh gain cases appears in long-term perspective. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether any of the psychological factors that are included in the psychological assessment prior to the bariatric surgery, can predict the development of weight after the surgical procedure. The research is retrospective and quantitative; it focuses on monitoring variables from psychological assessment as well as weight development from the time of the surgery to 4 years after the surgery with intervals of 3, 6, 9 months and 1, 2, 3, 4 years. Attention is focused not only on the weight itself, but also on the weight change (compared to the initial weight and the comparison between consecutive...
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Attachment and Eating Disorder Risk in Women
Klásková, Aneta ; Loneková, Katarína (advisor) ; Zajícová, Markéta (referee)
The thesis deals with connections between attachment and eating disorders (EDs) in females. It is divided into two sections - literature review and research. In the literature review, we define key subjects of the thesis, i.e. eating disorders and the concept of attachment. The research section is based on quantitative research. The research aims to explore 1) the relationship between ED risk and the dimension of attachment avoidance - anxiety within the concept of attachment, 2) the relationship between ED risk and early memories of warmth and safeness, and 3) if the dimension of attachment avoidance - anxiety within the concept of attachment and early memories of warmth and safeness increase the probability of EDs. The research was conducted via online questionnaire survey. The research sample consisted of 570 females in young adulthood (aged 20-30). The measures used in the research include Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), the ECR scale, and the EMWSS scale. The findings for our research sample suggest a statistically significant positive relationship between the dimension of attachment avoidance in the ECR scale and "Bulimia and Food Preoccupation" and "Oral Control" subscales in EAT-26. There has also been found a statistically significant positive relationship between the dimension of...
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Chronic stress as a contemporary phenomenon and its impact on quality of life of the individual
Kretinina, Julie ; Červinková, Monika (advisor) ; Zajícová, Markéta (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of chronic stress in the context of present times and its impact on quality of life of an individual. The literature review focuses on explaining mechanisms of chronic stress, placing chronic stress in the context of 21st century, discuses its impact on health and quality of life of an individual and offers ways for reducing chronic stress and ways for its prevention. Based on the theoretical part a research project was designed in the framework of which was, trough mapping study, examined the issue of chronic stress of working and non-working university students. The PSS-10 questionnaire examines the prevalence of chronic stress levels and the differences in perceived stress levels between these two groups.
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Methods of creating false memories and their consequences on food preferences, choices and intake
Škrdová, Barbora ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Zajícová, Markéta (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the phenomenon that is called false memories. The theoretical part begins with the first chapter, summarizing the history of research regarding false memories. Subsequently, three main paradigms which explain their formation are introduced (namely DRM paradigm, misinformation paradigm and implantation paradigm). The second chapter focuses on information about creating positive/negative false memories about experience with healthy/unhealthy food and their consequent effects on food preferences, choices and intake. The same analysis is then used for alcoholic beverages. The chapter also discusses the duration of both types of false memories. Additionally, it mentions the potential use in a healthy lifestyle. The empirical part designs an empirical study which deals with the duration of false positive memories in the context of their consequences on food preferences, choices and intake. The length is determined as the average of days required to develop a healthy eating habit. Moreover, the implanted memory includes a false positive experience with healthy food. Keywords False memories, formation, food preference, persistance
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Meaning in life in the perspective of positive psychology: Autobiographical methods
Malíková, Gabriela ; Fabianová, Ivana (advisor) ; Zajícová, Markéta (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the concept of meaning in life and strengthening possibilities meaning in life via autobiographical methods. This paper's view emerges from the second wave of positive psychology, the most emphasizes on conception meaning in life as a factor which is necessary for optimal functioning. Literary review in the first part contains different conceptualizations of meaning in life, sources from it comes from, individual characteristics which influence quality of meaning in life. Besides, the process of meaning-making and interaction between meaning in life and wellbeing are discussed. Finally, autobiographical methods as tools to support meaning in life are presented and factors which can influence their effectivity as well. Research project proposal is presented in the second part. It proposes experimental design which will clarify relationship between the autobiographical method (focused on meaning-making processes) and subjective perceived meaning in life. Keywords meaning in life, second wave of positive psychology, optimal functioning, well-being, positive psychology intervention, autobiographical methods, meaning-making
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