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Thermal requirements for plant development
Chuchvalcová, Lucie ; Skálová, Hana (advisor) ; Jarošík, Vojtěch (referee)
Plant development is strongly influenced by temperature. Other factors affect plant development to smaller extent. Plant development is affected by rate of enzymatic reactions which depend on temperature surrounding plant. Temperature and time are integrated into thermal time which is defined as sum of temperatures above temperature at which development ceases which is called base temperature. Cardinal temperature at which is the rate of plant development highest is called optimal temperature. When temperature exceeds optimum temperature rate of plant development, rate of development diminishes in higher rate than it increased between base and optimum temperature. Thermal time is mostly being used in agriculture for rate of development prediction, for optimizing crop yield, for prediction of particular developmental stage of weeds. There are also works that focus on wild plants. The easiest way to study temperature effect on plant development is to study leaf development. Rate of leaf appearance on the main stem and its reciprocal called phyllochron (duration separating appearance of two successive leaves) are plant development characteristics most frequently used. Use of thermal time instead of calendar days improved considerably prediction of plant phenological events. The goal of this bachelor thesis was...
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Habitat requirements and competition between native and invasive Impatiens species
Čuda, Jan ; Skálová, Hana (advisor) ; Prach, Karel (referee)
Three of Impatiens species are widespread in the Czech republic, one is native, two of them invasive. Because all species occur in relatively similar habitats, the question is, whether the invasive species can negatively affect the native species, or even the original can can be displaced. The aim of the thesis was: (i) to compare habitat requirments of the Impatiens species, (ii) to determine if the coexistence of species is possible, (iii) to assess the impact of invasive species to the original species. The investigation was carried out using two sets of permanent plots in 5 localities. In the first set with a total of 84 plots (combinations of occurrence of the three species) site characteristics as tree cover, soil humidity, slope and bare land cover were directly measured and nutrient, light, humidity and soil reaction characteristic assessed using Ellenberg indicator values. The second set contained a total of 45 plots with one of the native-invasive congener pair being removed and the intact controls. Number, cover and height of the plants were assesed. The key enviromental factors determining distribution of the species were soil moisture for I. noli-tangere and I. parviflora, and tree cover for I. glandulifera and I. parviflora. Ellenberg indicator values had poor explanation value;...
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Species diversity of meadows and pastures on small spatial scale
Bartoš, Michael ; Vojta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Skálová, Hana (referee)
Grazing seems to be not only means of conserving species diversity of grasslands but also - in many cases - of its increasing. This thesis tries to find out the mechanisms of grazing that result in increased or decreased species diversity. The experiment was proceeded in Slupenec, a part of Český Krumlov, where horse pastures are situated. In order to compare grazing and mowing I collected phytosociological data from plots 1 x 1 mš. I also collected data about soil moisture, composition and pH in order to find out the main gradients in vegetation. The vegetation data from plots 20 x 20 cmš were collected before and after grazing on three pasturelands. In the chosen locality, higher level of plant species diversity have been proven on pastures in comparison with meadows. There is significantly higher percentage of plots contributing to the higher level of ß diversity on pastures than on meadows. At the same time the variability of vegetation was in most cases explained by the categorial variable pasture / meadow. Concerning selectivity of grazing, it has been proven that horses prefer grazing on species with greater cover abundance. The plots with lower rate of grazed species have got higher ß diversity. In terms of functional traits of plants, it has been proven that higher percentage of no-rosette...
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Bibliographic data processing in context of scientific work evaluation
Skálová, Hana ; Kadlecová, Ivana (advisor) ; Bratková, Eva (referee)
Tématem práce je popis celého průběhu zpracování informací o publikačních aktivitách odborných a vědeckých pracovníků a současně všech praktických aspektů, které jej určují a ovlivňují se zvláštním zřetelem na Akademii věd ČR (AV ČR), Univerzitu Karlovu v Praze (UK) a 1. lékařskou fakultu UK v Praze (1. LF UK). Cílem práce je ukázat problematiku jako celek, tj. kompletní algoritmus zpracování od zadání informace o publikované práci do informačního systému instituce přes korektury, zveřejnění bibliografických záznamů na webu, ohlášení záznamů do registrů nadřízených organizací až po evaluační proces (podrobně vysvětleno na příkladu 1. LF UK). Jsou vysvětleny základní pojmy, se kterými se v oblasti zpracování publikačních aktivit a jejich evaluace setkáváme. Pozornost je věnována lidskému faktoru jako jedné z komponent určujících kvalitu výsledného procesu. Závěrem je uveden nástin vývoje, o kterém se v současnosti uvažuje a diskutuje. V úvodu práce je podán stručný historický přehled vývoje bibliografie v obecné rovině, registrující postupný vývoj oborové bibliografie až do dnešní formy bibliografických informačních systémů publikovaných prací. Práce se soustřeďuje především na začátky a postupný vývoj automatizovaného zpracování. Hlavní pozornost byla věnována zpracování dat ve speciálních citačních...
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Analysis of the BEP According to Calculation of Costs & Business Revenues
Skálová, Hana ; Rouček,, Vítězslav (referee) ; Škapa, Stanislav (advisor)
The bachelor work will be focused on a financial analysis of a self-contained business (economic) unit in a company in which research & development are performed in projects that are financed by state grants. It is a case of a unit of a manufacturing company, in which both its business activities (services, products) and the R&D are conducted in compliance with the law on support of R&D from public financial resources. The introduction of the work will specify the aims that should be confirmed in the work´s conclusion part. Available literature focusing on basic methods and performance of financial analyses, calculations and the BEP will be the source documents of the theoretical part of the work. The practical part will be based on values found in the accounting documents of the unit and the influence of the state grants as it is reflected in the calculations of the unit will be shown while taking into consideration the BEP aspect. In conclusion of the practical part, financial situation of the unit will be evaluated. In the final part of the work, an assessment of the work`s aims achieved will be presented.
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Suggestions for Improvement in Long - Termed Material Property Economy
Skálová, Hana ; Malušek, Bohuslav (referee) ; Mikulec, Luděk (advisor)
This thesis is focused on analysis of production facilities utilization and maintenance in the company RAMET C.H.M. a.s. located in Kunovice. In this thesis, there is performed the analysis of present property condition, machinery and equipment used within radar antenna production. Within property maintenance, there are introduced planned and unplanned processes of servicing activities and machine and equipment repair. In a part of proposal for solution, there are recommended processes for keeping up production capabilities based on extensive analysis of size property influence on production volume. The method for reliability estimation of production chain is described for the antenna production, related to limiting production capability and costs to maintain service availability of production facilities.
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