|
|
Adaptation of organism on training load in artistic gymnastics
Duba, Jiří ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Chrudimský, Jan (referee)
Title: Adaptation of organism on training load in artistic gymnastics Objectives: The goal of this crosscutting study is to discover how the artistic gymnasts in prechool age and school age differ from other children in the same age category. Methods: The method of this study consisted of analysis of body composition of 82 boys in age 7,51 ±1,9. Kruskal Wallis test was used to test the hypothesis of conformity in the results of individual variables across test groups to compare differences among all groups. A Mann- Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction was used in post-hoc analysis. Results: Statistically significant differences between gymnasts and other participants were found in the percentage body fat. The school age with values (p ˂ 0,001), (r = 0,542) and the preschool age (p = 0,015), (r = 0,530). There were not statistically significant differences in the other measures. Conclusion: Surprisingly, gymnasts in both age groups did not differ very much in most categories. Statistically significant difference was between gymnasts and other in percentage body fat, where gymnasts had these values much lower across all categories. Keywords: adaptation, training, artistic gymnastics, preschool age, school age
|
|
|
Fitness Programs for Seniors
Toman Hrušková, Zdeňka ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Fitness programs for seniors. Objectives: The purpose of the following thesis is to test three seniors and to determine, if an offered intervention program influenced and improved their condition. Methods: Three seniors 71 - 80 years old took part in the program. Two men at the age of 74 and 80 and a woman at the age of 71. The level of a functional body fitness was measured with the help of a modified test battery Senior Fitness Test (Rikli, Jones, 2013), the strength of hand pressure with Hang Grip dynamometer and the body composition with a bioelectrical impedance (BIA), which is used for body fat and fat free mass measurements. The seniors were tested at the beginning and at the end of the program. The intervention program was carried out in the course of 8 weeks, performed 2x a week for 40 minutes at an average intensity. The performance changes were recorded and differences calculated. Final results were compared to test SFT values. Results: Test results proved that a chosen intervention program led to changes. Following results have been achieved: 30-Second Chair Stand Test: proband 1 improvement of 11, 1%, proband 2 improvement of 5, 3% and proband 3 no change; Chair Sit-and-Reach Test: proband 1 improvement of 5, 0%, proband 2 improvement of 33, 3% and proband 3 no change; Back...
|
|
|
Relation between chosen indicators of Wingate test and performance of racers in category K1 junior women slalom
Hapák, Michal ; Bílý, Milan (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Topic: Relation between chosen indicators of Wingate test and performance of racers in category K1 junior women slalom. Aim: Determination of values of 30-s Wingate test function indicators in women water slalom (junior cathegory). Assessment of the relation between selected indicators and the performance in the nomination races, comparison of the indicators with the overall rankings in the nomination races. Methods: 30-s all out Wingate test on arm lever ergometer in UK FTVS laboratory. Usage of multidimensional statistical methods for correlation of Wingate test's chosen indicators with results of junior nomination races. Comparison of overall ranking in nomination races with total rates of functional indicators. Results: Results show, that rates of chosen functional parameters of Wingate test seem to be a suitable indicator of anaerobic endurance in category K1. High relation between performance and rates of chosen functional parameters was not reliably proved. Core words: Wingate test, functional indicators, anaerobic endurance, factors, performance, K1 junior women, correlation.
|
|
|
The effect of functional training on parameters of body composition
Stránská, Eva ; Kinkorová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: The effect of functional training on parameters of body composition Objective: The main objective of the study was to analyze changes in selected parameters of body composition, which occurred due to a four-month exercise program. Method: The work has the character of an empirical research, where the main method is observation. The observed group were consisted of women (n = 15), who were attending to fitness center Partyfit in Prague. We were measured the basic anthropometric parameters (body height, body weight, BMI). To obtain the input and output data to evaluation the parameters of body composition was used bioelectrical impedance BIA (Bodystat Quadscan 4000). For determination of input and output parameters was used paired t-test (statistical significance p <0.05). To assess the substantive significance we applied (Cohen - d). Results: The results of our study show that during the specific four-month exercise program occured changes in all parameters of body composition. The most significant differences were detected in the parameter total body water 2.2%, resp. (0.9 l), total body fat 2.2%, resp. (1.3 kg) and fat free mass to 2.2%, resp. (1 kg). For other parameters the differences were slightly less significant. Key words: Active lifestyle, anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance,...
|
|
|
Active lifestyle for seniors
Svobodová, Petra ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Active lifestyle for seniors Objectives: Contribute to the issue of supporting positive attitude of man to active old age and based on literature search evaluate influence and significance of physical activities in the process of aging; also suggest possible means of influencing health and seniors' quality of life. Methods: Search of domestic and foreign professional literature, which handles the topic of aging. Results: Physical activity in old age is significant. It brings many benefits and it positively influences physical and psychological aspects of man. When choosing suitable activity for seniors, it is necessary to respect their individuality, especially their health condition and previous physical experiences. Keywords: seniors, age, ageing, lifestyle, physical activity, physiological and psychological changes
|
|
|
Reduction of body weight before the competitions in fitness - a review study
Nosková, Tereza ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Reduction of body weight before the competitions in fitness - a review study Objectives: The main aim of the bachelor thesis was to analyze the specifics and principles of nutrition in bodybuilding, to characterize the most commonly used diets, and to identify the most appropriate diet during the pre-competitive period. Methods: In this review study, the electronic databases SportDiscuss, ScienceDirect and Ebsco were used to obtain relevant information. In addition, the work contains an appendix illustrating the author's own experience of work in preparing for competitions in bodybuilding in the Bikini fitness category. Results: The bachelor thesis contains a brief overview of some dietary guidelines and recommendations, which are commonly practiced before a bodybuilding competition. It gives the choice and comparison of both diets that are currently used and those used in the past. Conclusions: The analysis of the dietary recommendations shows that, at present, there is no single universal recommendation. However, the choice of diet should be individualized based on the current needs of athletes. Key words: Reduction, body fat, body weight, training, athlete, bodybuilding, nutrition, diet
|
|
|
The relationship of primary school children to physical activity
Fleková, Petra ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Name: The relationship of primary school children to physical activity Aim: The main aims of this bachelor thesis were to determine children's relationship to sport activities, to find out children's awareness concerning sport, and their most common and most popular leisure activities, and to describe content and course of physical education at school. Additionally to find out the teachers' opinion about children's physical fitness. Methods: 103 pupils aged from 6 to 12 years and 15 teachers participated in this empirical descriptive study. The survey was compiled from three groups which were dedicated to the sport awareness, physical education and leisure activities. Results: 65% of children are interested in physical activities, 82% of children devote to them, 82% of children intercut them with other activities, 37 % of children are engaged in the sport two days a week. The responses regarding the interests of individual sports are different. 80% of children can cope with physical education in duration of an hour. Sport games are the most favorite content of physical education (64%). 79% of teachers emphasized warming in their physical education lessons. According to the teachers' observation the children's physical fitness were low, children started basic compulsory education with low physical...
|
|
|
Comparison of selected physical parameters artistic gymnasts and classic bodybuilders in the off-season period
Pae, Alain ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Krištofič, Jaroslav (referee)
ABSRACT Title: Comparison of selected physical parameters artistic gymnasts and classic bodybuilders in the off-season period Objectives: The goal of the thesis was to determine and compare basic anthropometric parameters and selected physical parameters of artistic gymnasts and classic bodybuilders in the off-season period. Methods: The work had the character of empirical research whereby the key approach was observation. Investigated group (n = 12) were divided evenly into two subgroups based on sports specialization. At the first stage, values for basic anthropometric parameters were obtained. Then, with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, values for selected parameters of body composition were measured. Two-sided Mann Whitney's U test was used to compare statistical significance of differences. Results: Statistically important differences of the measured values have been recorded in the following parameters: body weight (p value = 0,002), body fat (%, kg) (p value = 0,002/0,002), fat free mass (%) (p value = 0,002), skeletal muscle mass (%, kg) (p value = 0,004/0,002), BMI (p value = 0,002), SMI (p value = 0,002) and total body water (%) (p value = 0,004). The only parameter that has not reached statistical significance (p>0,01) is the absolute amount of fat free mass (p value = 0,132). A...
|
|
|
Reference values of hand grip strength in older people in the Czech Republic
Hájek, Jakub ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Daďová, Klára (referee)
Title: Reference values of hand grip strength in older people in the Czech Republic Objectives: The main aim was to establish reference values for handgrip strength and grip strength adjusted by BMI in the elderly over 50 years old in the Czech Republic. Methods: Data obtained from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) was used to calculate reference values for handgrip strength and grip strength adjusted to BMI. The reference values were based on percentile distributions depending on age and gender; additionally percentile nomograms were created. Results: The research sample consisted of 1,787 men (average age 64.5 ± 8.8) and 2,207 women (average age 64.3 ± 8.9 years) from the Czech Republic. Men achieved higher values than women for both variables, which continuously decreased with age in both genders. Conclusion: Those reference values could serve as key indicators for evaluating the physical fitness of seniors in the Czech Republic. Key words: physical performance, frailty, sarcopenia
|
|
|
Vital capacity in adolescent artistic gymnasts
Moláčková, Marcela ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Krištofič, Jaroslav (referee)
Title: Vital capacity in adolescent artistic gymnasts Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the influence of gymnastics training on the forced vital capacity (FVC) in young gymnasts compared to their untrained peers. Methods: The study included children aged 6 to 10 years. Basic anthropometry, spirometry using a portable spirometer, and the number of training hours per week were investigated. Children were gathered from three occasions: during a sport event series for children called Sporťáček, at the Christmas competition in Vršovice, and in the sports club SK Hradčany. Results: 287 children (167 girls and 120 boys; six to ten years old) participated in the study. FVC was lower in all gymnasts compared to untrained children of the same gender, but these results were not statistically significant. According to the generalized linear model adjusted for age and height, boys who trained ˂4 hours had odds to have worse FVC than their untrained peers; however, this was also not statistically significant. Keywords: Spirometer, FVC
|
guest ::
