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Regional variability of mortality level on death causes suggestible by health care
Procházka, Martin ; Dzúrová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Lustigová, Michala (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to chart regional variability of mortality using the concept of avoidable mortality which occured in order to compare the differences in the level of health care and consequential mortality. Health care is one of the factors which affects mortality. Since the 1970's the concept of avoidable mortality has passed long developement which is described in the theoretical part as well. Methodology concept of avoidable mortality was subsequently used throughout the Czech Republic for the period from 2006- 2012 and in individual districts and regions from 2006 to 2010. The main chapter of the diploma thesis is based on the results of this analysis. The aim of this diploma thesis is to demonstrate through the selected indicators of health care their impact on different levels of avoidable mortality. Key words: avoidable mortality, regional variability in mortality, ischemic heart disease, nationa screening program, healthcare system
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Religion of War: The Disruption of Telos in Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian
Polívka, Zdeněk ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Ulmanová, Hana (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT This thesis takes it upon itself to investigate Cormac McCarthy's rendition of the process of creation of American national identity based on pragmatic individualism during the period of the nation's westward expansion, as it appears in his 1985 novel Blood Meridian Or The Evening Redness in the West. The initial point of departure for the argument will be the essay written by G. Deleuze "Bartleby; or, The Formula," where Deleuze conceives of American identity and culture as a continuous process of rapture with what he calls paternal models of social formation pertaining to the old continent, seeing the pragmatic line of thought as the chief constituting factor of this essentially anti-teleological process. This attitude is going to be juxtaposed to McCarthy's own depiction of America in the period of the nation's westward expansion. Through working with Deleuze and F. Guattari's concepts of reterritorialization and deterritorialization we shall investigate some of the prominent features of McCarthy's narrative style, most notably his imagery and narrative technique, attempting to suggest how his specific stylistic choices influence the novel's rendition of what shall be claimed to be an ideologically decentered space, not dissimilar to Deleuze's conception of nation without fathers....
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Speech and Characters in Sir Walter Scott's Waverley and The Heart of Mid-Lothian
Krýsová, Anna ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Clark, Colin Steele (referee)
in English The following bachelor thesis is primarily an analysis of two works of Sir Walter Scott: Waverley and The Heart of Mid-Lothian in the light of the theory of Mikhail M. Bakhtin with a marginal consideration of the poetry of Robert Burns. The aim was to find out what is the nature of the use of direct speech in both novels and how does it help to promote the aim with which the books were written. The respective aims of both books affect the nature of the use of direct speech: because its aim is to portray the consequences of the Jacobite rebellion of 1745 in a positive light, Waverley is therefore to a large extent single-voiced. The Heart of Mid-Lothian is on the other hand mostly double-voiced because it is focused on showing all the different social groups of Edinburgh. The use of heteroglossia also allows the author to show a historically important event from many different perspectives and it enables to bridge the differences between regions, cultures, languages and different time periods. Such an approach also helps to overcome stereotypes and prejudices.
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Early Modern Players of Folly
Pranič, Martina ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Pfister, Manfred (referee) ; Nováková, Soňa (referee)
Early Modern Players of Folly Thesis Abstract This thesis examines the ways in which folly is used in early modern literature. It asks: how is it that such an ephemeral concept proliferated and endured in the culture of early modern Europe? My understanding of early modern folly as a discursive phenomenon that was used as a way of questioning the knowledge of the ostensibly reasonable world is illustrated by case studies of four characters-four players of folly. Dedicated a chapter each, they are Till Eulenspiegel, the great German jester; Pomet Trpeza, a typically Ragusan wit of Marin Držić's Dundo Maroje; Brother Jan Paleček, a Bohemian representative of holy folly; and Sir John Falstaff, the embodiment of folly in Shakespeare's 1 and 2 Henry IV. Although they emerge from different cultural, linguistic and generic traditions, they nonetheless share a propensity for employing folly in ways that uncover possibilities for new understandings and challenge rigid certainties of the world around them. Early modernity, the era that produced the works I explore, has become associated with shifts and instabilities. In this Age of Discovery, man was compelled to understand afresh a suddenly unfamiliar world. However, where man and his reason reign, folly gladly follows. I read each of my four players of folly as...
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Judith Butler's Concept of Performative Gender and the Rebellion Against Normativity: Sandra Cisneros's Woman Hollering Creek
Zelenková, Alena ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Ulmanová, Hana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to give an account of Judith Butler's theory of performative gender in order to analyse Sandra Cisneros's short stories. The primary sources include Butler's Gender Trouble and Bodies That Matter, and Cisneros's Woman Hollering Creek and Other Short Stories. The thesis also provides interpretation of other complementary primary sources; Discipline and Punish by Michel Foucault, Antigone's Claim by Judith Butler, "Signature Event Context" by Jacques Derrida, and Borderlands by Gloria Anzaldúa. The variety of primary sources hints on the interdisciplinary nature of the methodical approach of this thesis; from feminist theories, philosophy of language, and criticism of discursive power to literary analysis. The necessity to look at the question of performative gender from various perspectives stems from a wide scope of Butler's complex argumentation. The primary sources draw attention to different aspects of this thesis. Gender Trouble allows for deeper understanding of gender from Butler's point of view and enables us to observe the deconstruction of the sex/gender dichotomy, a basis for her disproval of the supposed naturalness of the division of sexes. In Bodies That Matter, Butler further develops the concept of performative gender while she draws her argument from the...
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The Comparison of pressure changes in the running shoes of different drop
Procházka, Martin ; Kaplan, Aleš (advisor) ; Hojka, Vladimír (referee)
Title: The Comparison of pressure changes in the running shoes of different drop Student: Martin Procházka Supervisor: PhDr. Aleš Kaplan, Ph.D. Consulting: Mgr. Aleš Tvrzník Thesis'objectives: The main objective of this thesis was to monitor changes in pressures acting on the foot in stand phase with different variables. There were some external conditions that were changed, the running speed (10, 12, 14 and 16 km/h), running technique (heelstrike and forefoot strike) and the main theme of the work, running shoes of different drop (10, 5, 0 mm). Current pressures on the foot were obtained through special inserts Pedar - X and further processed into the software of the German brand Novel. Secondary objective was to intra- and inter-compare probands with greater emphasis on intra-individual component because of the diversity of technique of each proband. One of the aims of this work was the possibility of subsequent feedback and training recommendations for these runners based on the obtained values. Thesis methodology: Probands were tested on a treadmill HP KOSMOS specialized laboratory CASRI. In each section of the sample was determined by measuring the 100 steps to the right and 100 steps to the left foot. It means approximately 90 seconds of running in one speed and technique. The prints were...
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Interpreting Narrative Techniques in Moby-Dick
Sedláček, Martin ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Robbins, David Lee (referee)
Thesis Abstract The objective of this thesis is to map the narrative strategies of Herman Melville's Moby-Dick. By applying different narrative theories to Moby-Dick, it explores and assesses mainly the narrative reliability (Wayne C. Booth) and the narrative situation (Franz K. Stanzel). Ishmael is generally considered to be an example of an unreliable narrator and in this thesis manifestations of his unreliability are evaluated. Special attention is devoted to the inconsistencies in the narrative (e.g. recurring disappearances of Ishmael, shifts in focus on some of the characters, complete disappearances of other characters) and their treatment, taking the general academic consensus into account. Such phenomena are discussed as deliberately and consciously incorporated into the narrative, rather than being a result of a precipitated writing process. Apart from the formal inconsistencies, the narrative also includes incongruities of thematic nature (e.g. questionable value-scheme according to Rimmon- Kenan). By employing Stanzel's narrative theory, the thesis discusses Ishmael's oscillation between "narrator" and "reflector," with special focus on the dramatic chapters. Using both of these conceptions, Moby-Dick is assessed from two different perspectives, hopefully shedding some light on the complex...
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The trickster in Herman Melville's The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade and the works of Charles W.Chesnutt
Kyselová, Alžběta ; Robbins, David Lee (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee)
Tricksters are popular cultural and literary characters which appear across regions and genres in various forms. The characters Uncle Julius from The Conjure Woman collection of short stories by Charles W. Chesnutt, and the confidence man from Herman Melville's The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade are both tricksters who are based on strong cultural backgrounds: the African(- American) religious trickster, and real life con artist William Thompson, respectively. This thesis sets out to compare the tricksters in thematic and structural elements. The origins of the literary characters help shape the readers' expectations and perception of the tricksters. Melville and Chesnutt encourage the stereotypical reading of the characters while also including an alternative one in the text. The conflict of perceptions serves to introduce a number of social topics regarding slavery in The Conjure Woman and self-reliance in The Confidence-Man, both of which ultimately point to the problematic distribution of freedom in American society. The tricksters appear both as literary characters and literary devices, corresponding with the ambiguous nature of the trickster archetype.
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Risk factors influencing incidence and seriousness of infection complications after cesarean section
Gregor, Miroslav ; Košťál, Milan (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee) ; Záhumenský, Jozef (referee)
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of post-cesarean infections at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at the University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, including spectrum and seriousness of infections. And to identify independent risk factors for infections. In Czech republic, no study have been conducted on post-cesarean infections. Methods: Prospective descriptive clinical study. 357 consecutive women had cesarean section from January to June 2013 (32%). 13 women with the presence of any infection before an operation, and 45 lost women were excluded from the study. A total of 299 women were included in the study. Prophylactic antibiotics were given to all women. Cases of post- cesarean infections were verified by chart review using the definitions from the Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, USA, as an infection occurring within 30 days after a surgical procedure. Comparisons between groups were obtained by Fisher's exact test. Significant association was defined as a p-value of less than 0.05. Results are reported with 95% confidence interval. Results: Of 299 women having cesarean section, 10 women (3,3%) had a post-cesarean infections. Nine women had a surgical site infection and one woman had an urinary tract infection. The incidence of surgical site...
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Antibiotic prophylaxis of extensive obstetric perineal injuries repair
Menzlová, Erika ; Záhumenský, Jozef (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee) ; Roztočil, Aleš (referee)
Objective Our aim was to compare two regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of repair of obstetric anal sphincter injury. Benefit of long regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis in comparison with short regimen of antibiotic administration haven't been till now proven. Material and Methods Women who gave vaginal birth in department of gynaecology and obstetrics of the First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Hospital Bulovka from 1.1.2008 to 30.6.2013 and who sustained third - or fourth - degree perineal tears have been enrolled in our trial. All women who fulfilled trial criteria received at the time of repair antibiotic prophylaxis which was cefuroxim (second - generation cephalosporin). This antibiotic has good sensitivity to vaginal gram-positive flora and to rectal gram-negative microorganisms too. Suture technique and following postpartum care have been standardized. All enrolled women were checked 2 weeks and 3 months after delivery. We evaluated subjective and objective parameters of healing of the obstetric perineal injury and 3 months postpartum we looked for symptomps regarding anal incontinence. The Manchester questionnaire was used for evaluation of anal incontince occurance. Results Incidence of third - and fourth - degree perineal tears was 1,4 % during period of our...
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