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Geographical origin of alien plants in the Czech Republic
Kopicová, Irena ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
The topic of the proposed thesis is the geographical origin of non-native species of plants in the Czech Republic and it deals with non-native plants while identifying their phyto- areas. The causes of introduction, plant characteristics as well as ecological consequences, gains and dangers for the biodiversity in the Czech Republic are also assessed. The thesis is divided into two parts with first part dealing with a theoretical introduction in a form of a literary research on the geographic origin of non-original species of higher plants in the Czech Republic. Here, the basic terminology is discussed and so are specific issues. A chapter dealing with neo-phytes contains also a subsection on invasive plants, where it was necessary to stress their potential threat to ecosystems. Second part is devoted to the application of the topic in the education of geography by creating a work sheet and by defining main terminology for high school students. The aim is to encourage students to think about which plants are important, where they come from and why and how they reached us. Likewise, it is important that students could reflex on how non- native plants may affect the ecosystem in which they had been introduced.
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Environmental friendly forms of housing in the Czech Republic
Rezlerová, Kateřina ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bartoš, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis called " Environmental friendly forms of housing in the Czech Republic " focuses on the issues of environmentally friendly houses. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the environmentally friendly buildings in general. It explains the basic terms and describes the situation in the Czech Republic as well as contains the assessment of each of the Czech regions and their approach to the environment. The second part of the thesis is about the ecological build-up in Prague and the attitude of residents of the environmentally friendly districts of Horní Počernice and Dolní Měcholupy.
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Forest evolution in Central Europe during the Holocene periode
Švábová, Barbora ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
The work deals with the forest as an ecosystem where relationships take place, which are influenced by abiotic and biotic factors. Great attention is paid to the climate, which affects not only the distribution of biomes. Its constant changes have an impact on the species composition of forests and human society. By the effects of the climate, the Holocene period was divided into sub-stages. Man also played a significant role in the conversion of the central Europe forest and changes it even now. That is why this work devotes a considerable part of it to this influence. Great changes of the forest began with the emergence of agriculture, which was the first impulse for the beginning of deforestation. Examined are the ways of prehistoric and modern economy. With the loss of trees came an idea of protecting the forests. As an example of possible further effect on the forest, the influence of some pathogens is presented.
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Fragmentation of mountain tropical forest in Kedjom - Keku area (Cameroon)
Chmelařová, Eva ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
Fragmentation of mountain tropical forest in Kedjom-Keku area (Cameroon) Abstract In many tropical developing countries, the pressure of growing population and increasing demand for agricultural land result in substantial fragmentation of forests. Fragmentation occurs when large continuous forest is broken into a number of smaller patches isolated from each other by a distinct vegetation type. This landscape process increases the probability of extinction for many species, opens up forest patches to altered abiotic and biotic conditions and also affects dispersal and migration patterns of species through destroying habitat connectivity. The last isolated fragments remain from species and endemic rich mountain misty forest in Kedjom-Keku area on the Northwest of Cameroon due to human encroachment. The analysis of satellite images of the area acknowledged high degree of mountain tropical forest fragmentation. There appeared a loss of forest habitat and even a loss of forest core area on the major part of study area between 2003 and 2010. Keywords: fragmentation, tropical forest, assessment, Cameroon
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Invasion of Rumex alpinus in Krkonoše mountains
Naglová, Šárka ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
The issue of plant invasion and of spreading alien species is a serious problem for all ecosystems. The problem is even bigger if the invasion takes place in the national park, or other important areas, such as the Giant Mountains. The Unique species diversity is undermined by non-native species, which often significantly suppress indigenous communities. Not always is this problem early and effectively regulated, or at best completely stoped, especially because each invasion is needed to be access individually, gather enough data and observations and determine an effective strategy to combat invasive species. There has been a lot of analysis written about the invasion of Rumex alpinus already, so my job is to summarize the results, determine whether the species distribution prediction was correct and if possibly determine the next steps in the fight against this invasive plant in the Giant Mountains. Key words: Rumex alpinus, invasion, The Giant (national park), the spread of the species
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The comparation of world protected areas
Hrdina, Aleš ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šenová, Vendula (referee)
This thesis deals with the origin and development of protected areas, conservation organisations and systems of protected area management categories. It focuses on the 1994 system and its modification in 2008. The categories are defined and compared. Development of the number and area of protected areas and national parks in the world is studied, and also pros and weaknesses of the system of protected area management categories. The main objective is to create a database of national parks in the world, which includes the 3,227 areas, having an area of over 5,000,000 square kilometers. Part of the thesis is also an analysis of national parks according to continents.
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Konstructivism in geography education
Medková, Eva ; Marada, Miroslav (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
Medková, E. (2012): Constructivism in geography education. Department of Social Geography and Regional Development, Charles University in Prague. The thesis deals with a constructivist model used in Geography classes. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristic of this model and compares it with the traditional transmissive model. It describes the methods used in the constructivist teaching. Part of the practical section was the pedagogical experiment that compared the efficiency of constructivist and transmissive teaching. Experiment was realized in the Primary school in two parallel 7th grade classes. There were two geographical topics tought - monsoons and the development of the Asian states. The development of the Asian states topic was tought transmissively in one class and in a constructivist manner in the second class. As a second step the other topic of monsoons was tought and the teaching method in the classes was interchanged. The efficiency of the teaching was determined by the help of the didactic test and then statistically evaluated.
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The issue of Ips typographus in the National park Šumava ?application into geographical education
Faflák, Jiří ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Král, Luboš (referee)
The issue of Ips typographus in the National park Šumava - application into geographical education Abstract The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of Ips typographus with an emphasis on the possible ways of solving the outbreaks of its population in the National Park of Šumava. This work is also concerned with the application of articles dealing with this problem into geographical education. The outbreaks caused by the Spruce Bark Beetle are a long-term problem typical for non-native spruce monocultures that have replaced, not only in Šumava, the native mixed forests. The opinions on how to approach this matter differ a lot and it is quite hard to assess their objectivity. The method of active reading proved to be ideal when including this topic into geographical education. Active reading of texts in the geographical lessons helps students to develop critical thinking and to shape their individual opinion. The set of articles presented in this thesis encompassing various insights on how to solve the Spruce Bark Beetle outbreaks in Šumava will help the teacher in developing the above mentioned students' skills. Articles are divided into three separate groups according to the solution they propose. A CD included in this work contains selected articles. Teachers have the option to work with the articles and...
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The spread of invasive neophytes in the riverbank vegetation of Tichá Orlice river
Hajzlerová, Lenka ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kindlmann, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis summarizes the basic knowledge about invasive species of plants. It foccuses of characteristic and hypothetic invasive species with special focus on the neophytes growing in a riverbank vegetation. It foccuses in an appearance of invasive neophytes in riverbank vegetation in a basin of river Tichá Orlice and describes physically-geographical and socially-economical conditions. With using method MUTON (The method for complex mapping of streams and alluvium) it was mapped a chosen part of bank Tichá Orlice river. There were located chosen neophytes. We supposed that these chosen neophytes will be occur in riverbank vegetation. The most abundant plant species were - Impatiens glandulifera, Reynoutria sp., Helianthus tuberosur and Solidago sp. In comparison with other similar rivers (similar flow rate, river-basin and length), the Tichá Orlice river belongs to the above-average affected watercourse.
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