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Comparative study of naturally bilingual children and children attending a bilingual educational institution
Gulášová, Ivana ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The topic of this work is bilingualism in children coming from bilingual families, and children visiting bilingual or foreign language preschools. The theoretical part puts emphasis mainly on the specifics of children's bilingualism and bilingualism in general as well as characteristics of bilingual families and language focused preschool institutions. Furthermore, describes the general language development in children and compares it with the language development at simultaneous bilingual children, ie raised bilingual in the family since birth. The practical part has a mapping study of bilingualism in children with preschool ages. The research method is an online questionnaire presented to parents. The research sample includes 45 children. The data are compared between child-brought up in a bilingual family and children attending bilingual preschools. At the same time indicates a general tendency for bilingual education. An interesting finding is that the parents of children who want to raise their children in this kind of bilingual education do not prepare in any way and that the weaker language of the child, which is learning in pre-school, is reflected in his egocentric speech. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Psychosocial situation of siblings of children with disabilities
Husová, Lucie ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The thesis deals with a psychosocial situation of siblings of children with a pervasiv disorder. The labour surveys new findings about the autism and an effect of autistic child on its sibling in the theoretical part. The part devoted to the autism is mostly focused on neurobiological findings of this disease. The part about siblings is specialised in pieces of knowledge from available researches and describes the present condition of scientific knowledge. The empirical part describes a psychosocial situation of siblings of autistic children. A qualitative method was used during the research. The main used method is a test called "FAST" (Family System Test) and a follow-up interview. The diploma work goes towards a deeper understanding of a psychological and social situation of a healthy sibling. Detailed studies of cases which indicate possible risks resulting from living with an autistic child are presented in the project. There are also mentioned tendencies of further research progress. Keywords: Siblings, autism, psychosocial situation of siblings.
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Social skills of teachers and possibilities of their development orientated on beginning teachers
Štěrbová, Nina ; Šírová, Eva (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This thesis "Social skills of teachers and possibilities of their development, orientated on beginning teachers" looks into posibility of utilization of videotraining of interactions method (VTI) for development of social skills in teachers-beginners. Theoretical part focuses on analysis of current state in pre- and postgraduated education, its oriented on their personality and social skills, mainly on communication skills. Practical part deals with presence of development of social skills in beginning teachers. Effect of VTI of the development is tested. This method is prepared for this goal. Collected data comes from observation of 14 teachers and this data are analyzed by programm V.I.P. The outcome is a fact that VTI method has significant influence on global development of teacher's social skills. VTI has positive influence in field "activation of students" (mainly affirmative attachement and paraphrasing students" statements).
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Psychological aspects of cyberbullying
Šmolka, Michal ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
Diploma thesis "Psychological aspects of cyberbullying" deals with bullying, modern ways of communication and cyberbullying. It brings the main psychological knowledge connected to bullying, inquires into phenomena of communication using modern technologies and presents fundamental information about cyberbullying. The research part consists of qualitative and quantitative research. The purpose of qualitative research was to chart the phenomena connected to bullying and cyberbullying. The quantitative one informs then about the incidence of bullying and cyberbullying in the Czech Republic and conducts a survey of feelings, which are experienced by the victims of bullying and cyberbullying. The important part of the thesis is the statistical reliance analysis of those feelings according to various factors.
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Individualization of Approach to Learnes with Specific Learning Disabilities and It's Psychological Aspects
Michalová, Zdeňka ; Mertin, Václav (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
Zdeňka Michalová Psychologické aspekty individualizace přístupu k žákům se specifickými poruchami učení Individualization of Approach to Learnes with Specific Learning Disabilities and It's Psychological Aspects Annotation This thesis deals with theoretical and practical knowledge and skills of teachers in primary schools for specific learning disabilities. It focuses mainly on mapping the level of teachers' approach to integrated learners with this disorder. It is trying to grasp the extent to which teachers meet the psychological aspects of individual approach to these learners in inclusive environment of a primary school compared with integrated learners with other disabilities. The theoretical part summarises basic information on education, integration and education system in the Czech Republic. It deals with specific learning disabilities and attempts to apply the findings from positive psychology on individual approach to individuals with SLD. The empirical part analyses and compares the quantitative survey of knowledge level of teachers at lower and higher levels of primary schools about SLD. Furthermore, it examines their knowledge of appropriate procedures for working with learners with SLD and ability to apply it in practice to psychologically support of these learners. It partially compares...
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Systemic approach and dialog as an useful support for practise of career guidance counselor
Koptová, Naděžda ; Šírová, Eva (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The first part renders the theoretical introduction to the problems of career guidance and the next possible educational choice. There are clarified the important terms of the work, selected parts of career progression, characteristics of development stage of pubescent with respect to the next possible educational choice at the end of the primary school. Then we get acquainted with the basic principles of methodical approach and characteristics of systemic dialog. The empiric part brings particular casuistry which illustrates searching of harmony between personality of a pupil, background for exercise of a profession, chanciness, ignorance and deficient of maturity of pupils (their parents too) for the next career progression. We try to show the importance and benefit of the systemic approach and dialog just with guidance in casuistry and discussions. It tries to show a suitable systemic approach as a theoretical and philosophical framework of career counselor in the context of the consulting situation with children and their parents. This work shows that this approach helps that the counselor does not only submit a verdict but creates a place for thinking about possibilities. Asking questions challenge the client to searching answers and active thinking about future. It becomes better...
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The vocational orientation of elementary school pupils
Sklenářová, Hana ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The study focuses on the professional orientation of ninth grade elementary school pupils. It consists of two basic parts: theoretical and empirical. In three chapters of the theoretical part there are discussed findings of ontogenetic psychology of adolescence with an emphasis on the choice of further educational path. Also the effects of selected objective and subjective factors on the process of transition of pupils from lower (ISCED 2) to upper (ISCED 3) secondary education are identified. After that, the principal concepts of career theories including the results of selected Czech and foreign research are outlined. The empirical part contains description of the measured variables and set of hypotheses, a description of the sample respondents and the methods used. Based on the quantitative survey correlation links between selected variables are described. All the findings are summarized in the same chapter, after that, they are discussed in detail. The conclusion chapter, bibliography and annexes close the work.
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The Pikler Early Childhood Education
Noack, Dana ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
Title: The Pikler Early Childhood Education Author: Dana Noack Department: Katedra psychologie, FF UK Supervisor: Prof. PhDr. Lenka Šulová, CSc. Abstract: The intention of this study was to explore how the parents who are familiar with the Piklerian principles use these in upbringing their children in the family in the period of early childhood. The theoretical part describes the process of socialization (with the emphasis on the preconditions for the early interaction both on the child's and the parent's side) as well as the topic of upbringing in the family (basic models and the relation of upbringing to the socio-cultural and the historical context) and the most important aspects of the child development in the first three years. The last chapter of the theoretical part introduces the Hungarian pediatrician Emmi Pikler, the basic pediatrist Emmi Pikler, the basic premises of her approach and it's principles related to the issue of the motor development, care and play. The empirical part presents the results of the qualitative content analysis of data gathered by a questionnaire. These data provide us with a basic picture of how the concrete parents use the Piklerian principles in upbringing their children.
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Early child bilingvism and trilingvism-specific aspects, possibilities and limits
Scholl, Lucie ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This PhDr. thesis is an extention of my diploma thesis Current Trends in the Field of Child Bilingualism (2010). The new topic is the field of trilingualism. The subject of this thesis is the natural bilingualism and trilingualism in children. In the theoretical section, the work has the objective of providing a comprehensive overview of the current perspective on specific aspects, possibilities and limits of multilingualism, with emphasis on summarizing the latest studies and research. The empirical section of this thesis is drawn up as a mapping study. The original part analyses sample of twenty five pre-school children from Czech-German bilingual families and the new part analyses ten children from trilingual families. The families are studied for their strategies of bilingual/trilingual upbringing and the proportional representation of these languages in their children's everyday life. The data are analyzed with the aid of qualitative research methods. The principal method of collecting data from the parents in this regard was by a questionnaire. Further The Active Vocabulary Test ASWT-R was conducted on children from these families. With trilingualism there was a focus on specific aspects which differ from bilingualism. Qualitative analyses of the data showed the parents' approach to bilingual...
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Monitoring Accuracy as a Skill in Academic Performance
Pešout, Ondřej ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This study has aimed to investigate monitoring accuracy as a skill in an academic performance. First part of the study defined metacognitive monitoring theoretically as a strategy evolved from metacognitive strategies and based on self-regulated learning principles. Previous studies assert that monitoring accuracy is a beneficial skill that enhances performance regardless a domain of use. In order to give those claims empirical support in the Czech educational environment, the research has been carried out. Data have been collected from three classes of 6th graders within six weeks. Classes were assigned during the practice test into different settings: individual, competitive and cooperative. Reading comprehension has been selected as the monitored skill. The results corroborate the assumptions that monitoring accuracy training is beneficial both for performance and for increasing metacognitive skills to monitor. Secondary, the cooperative setting appeared to be the only one that both calibration accuracy and reading comprehension did significantly increase. The outcomes and recommendations for follow-up studies are discussed.
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