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The Mythologization of Photography
Kratěnová, Jana ; Češka, Jakub (advisor) ; Šafaříková, Radana (referee)
The subject of this thesis is a semiotically inspired analysis of Michael Phelps photos from Beijing Summer Olympics (2008). The theoretical part deals with semiotic concepts of Roland Barthes reffering to Ferdinand de Saussure theory and Barthes original concept of modern myths. The aim of this work is to provide an insight into the reading and interpretation of photographic images. It focuses on the issue of mechanisms of photographic meanings and their description. Beside the critical view of Roland Barthes semiotics of photographs and concepts the thesis presents the works of Vilém Flusser and Umberto Eco as well. The main intention of the diploma paper is to show the photograph as an area of utterances. The emphasis on interpretive role is there put into opposition to the understanding of photography only as a mechanical representation of reality. Along with Barthes the work explains the construction of myths as an ideological representation of meanings and intentions that are not obvious at first sight. The practical part offers semiotic-based analysis of several photos of Michael Phelps from the Beijing Olympics games. The analysis focuses on the discovery of the main concepts that are carriers of latent meanings. They show how the meanings involved in the production of mythology, which uses the...
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Intermediality and Comics
Balvín, Jaroslav ; Bystřický, Jiří (advisor) ; Češka, Jakub (referee)
This masters thesis is concerned with the intermediality as the approach which particularly defines the interrelations between media, focusing on the contemporary visual theories and visual semiotics, in oder to further apply the theories of intermediality to the analysis of the morphology of comics. It studies words, pictures, time and other phenomena related to comics, the form where all these media are integrated into a functional unity. At the same time it deals with the characteristic features of the present situation of comics and its changes.
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Fictional communication and representation of consciousness in narrative fiction
Koten, Jiří ; Kubíček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee) ; Češka, Jakub (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of narrative fiction. It primarily focuses on the nature of a fictional discourse and the general issue of fictionality. Problems are viewed from a pragmatic point of view, i.e. we are primarily concerned with the behaviour of participants in communication exchanges, exploring the activity of speakers (authors) and recipients (readers). Our starting point was the so-called "theory of pretence", which was promoted by founders of the speech-act theory in order to explain and clarify fictionality. According to these scholars, the language of fiction is "parasitic" (Austin); it's an utterance lying outside the circumstances that could make it a successful illocutionary act (Searle, Ohmann). The path to more appropriate reformulation of "illocutionary" theory of fictionality leads through the scope of possible worlds. This approach suggests that a fictional discourse should be considered as a narrative of facts about the world (Lewis). In this case, in addition to the authors who imitate narrative, we can also take into account their fictional counterparts, narrators, who narrate either truthfully or falsely. Furthermore, it is believed that the creation of fiction is not an imitation, but a full speech activity, "doing things by words", which requires world-formative power. It...
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Computer naratology: narrative templates in computer games
Praks, Vítězslav ; Hrbata, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Češka, Jakub (referee) ; Kubíček, Tomáš (referee)
Relations and actions between literature and computer games were examined. Study contains theoretical analysis of game as an aesthetic artefact. To play a game means to leave practical world for sake of a fictional world. Artistic communication has more similarities with game communication than with normal, practical communication. Game study can help us understand basic concepts of art communication (game rules - poetic rules, game world - fiction, function in game - meaning in art). Computer games are interpreted in the study using naratological and ludological approach. Computer is tracted as a narrative medium (to narrate means to demonstrate, to present any content, not only epic content). Computer games are interesting phoenomena for its specifical aspects: interactivity, self-narration and computer simulated narration. Main attention in this study is focused on phoenomena of computer generated literature (prose and poetry). The main purpose of this area is in study considered for literary analysis of "belles lettres". Author examines and demonstrates plausible computer generated fiction analysis of narrative texts. Two such analysis are proposed in a study, one of them (prose analysis - fabule generation) is detaily manifested on concrete literary text.
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