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Exploring the diversity of snow algae using polyphasic approach
Procházková, Lenka ; Nedbalová, Linda (advisor) ; Karsten, Ulf (referee) ; Hoham, Ronald (referee)
Snow algae cause blooms in slowly melting snowfields in mountain and polar regions. Although they are excellent models for the study of life in extremely cold environments, their taxonomical diversity, geographical distribution and variety of physiological strategies used to cope with their harsh environment are only partially understood. This work was focused on green algae from the order Chlamydomonadales and in one case on golden algae from the order Hibberdiales. An integrative approach was applied to characterise species, including the sequencing of several molecular markers (18S rDNA, ITS2 rDNA, rbcL) to reveal genotypes and infer phylogenetic positions. Light and electron microscopy were conducted to describe the detailed structure of cell wall surfaces and intracellular compartments. Moreover, fatty acid and pigment profiling were carried out to provide new insights into the adjustments of metabolic pathways in these algae. Rapid light curve measurements were used as a proxy of light preferences of photosystem II. Firstly, one of the main algae responsible for causing the phenomenon of red snow was shown to represent a single, monophyletic lineage, independent from other algae within the Chlamydomonadales (paper I). Therefore, the new genus Sanguina (S.) was described, with two...
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Accumulation of phenolic compounds in Spirogyra in stress conditions
Ráček, Jan ; Pichrtová, Martina (advisor) ; Procházková, Lenka (referee)
Phenolic substances represent one of the major groups of secondary metabolites of higher plants that play a role in a number of biotic and abiotic interactions. Among algal groups, these substances are produced, for example, by conjugating algae (Zygnematophyceae), which are currently considered to be the closest living relatives of higher plants. The common function of phenolic substances is protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation, or even an excessive amount of photosynthetically active radiation, which was supported by the induction of their synthesis after exposure to UV radiation in several ecophysiological studies. However, the range of applied stress factors and their effect on changes in phenol levels is limited. In this diploma thesis, the genus Spirogyra, for which the chemical structure of a number of specific phenolic substances is known, was exposed to selected stress factors and their influence on cell morphology, maximum quantum yield Fv/Fm and quantity of phenolic substances was monitored. A significant increase was observed after application of UV-B radiation, higher level of PAR, low temperature and osmotic stress, while at high temperature this effect was not evident. Increased production upon UV-B exposure further underlines the importance of phenolic...
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Diagnostics of students' difficulties in CLIL
Šteflíčková, Alena ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Procházková, Lenka (referee)
Title: The diagnostics of students' difficulties in CLIL Author: Ing. Alena Šteflíčková Department: Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Education Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Jarmila Novotná, CSc. Abstract: The topic of this diploma thesis is the diagnostics of students' difficulties in CLIL. The aim of my thesis was to create and analyze the test, which would integrate both a language (English) and a non-linguistic subject (Mathematics). There are six parts of my thesis. The first one deals with basic facts about CLIL, the second one is aimed at assessment and assessment at schools, the third one deals with tests and their creation. An assessment of CLIL students is the topic of the fourth part. Other two parts contain three tests, analysis of one of the tests and analysis of pupils' solutions of this test. Keywords: CLIL, integrated learning, assessment, diagnostics, testing, tests
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Pythagorian Theorem in CLIL lessons
Dubová, Libuše ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Procházková, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis, titled "Pythagorean Theorem in CLIL lessons", deals with one of the possible strategies in bilingual education - CLIL method which links teaching of a non- linguistic subject and a foreign language, mathematics and English, in this case. For the realization of CLIL method I have chosen the topic of the introduction to Pythagorean Theorem. The aim of this thesis was to check whether the chosen topic is suitable for CLIL lessons, then the influence of a foreign language on the active involvement of pupils in the lesson and on understanding of the subject matter. At the beginning, I focus on general integration of the content subject and a foreign language and then I describe the preparation of the experiment. The core of this thesis is the project of the CLIL lesson. The project was realized in the experimental groups, the gained data have been processed on the base of observation and analysis of the final individual work and the questionnaire. The results show the potential of the CLIL method as a new possibility for bilingual teaching of content subjects.
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Phytoplankton of drinking water reservoirs in the Jizera Mountains, Czech Republic, in relation to treatability of water
Čermáková, Anna ; Hořická, Zuzana (advisor) ; Procházková, Lenka (referee)
The area of the Jizera Mountains (northern Bohemia) was significantly affected by acid atmospheric deposition in the second half of the 20th century. This mountain area has a very sensitive geology and is characterized by the predominance of spruce stands, naturally acidic shallow soils of podzolic type, large areas of peat bogs in the upper plateau, a rough climate, and a very high annual rainfall. The frequent heavy rains and a low infiltration capacity of soils brought about floods in the past, very dangerous for the populated foothills. , so in the early 20th century For that reason, a plan was proposed to construct a system of reservoirs for a flood protection of the area. In the 1970s, the need for new sources of drinking water increased in the area. The Souš retention and recreation reservoir was rebuilt to a drinking water reservoir in 1974, and a new drinking water reservoir Josefův Důl was bulit in 1982. Both the water bodies have had a dystrophic character since the beginning, and the Souš reservoir suffers from naturally high concentrations of aluminum. Due to the anthropogenic acidification, the reservoirs were fishless until brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) were successfully (re)introduced in the 1990s, and the diversity and numbers of the zooplankton were very low. The...
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Mnichovo Hradiště 1866-1895. Daily life of the small town in the second half of 19th century.
Procházková, Lenka ; Pokorná, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Hlavačka, Milan (referee)
The diploma thesis outlines the history of the small district town in the second half of the 19th century from a political (government, local government, modernization), economical (transport, especially railways, industrial development) and cultural (socials, social activities, theatre, festivities) point of view. Attention is paid to social, national and religious problems and education. Included are also some portraits of the most prominent personalities of the town. Special Attention is paid to Austro-Prussian war (conflict between Austria and Prussia) in 1866 and on the impact of this exceptional event on people and life in the town. The work is based on archival materials stored in State district archive in Mladá Boleslav and Mnichovo Hradiště Municipal museum, local chronicles, handwritten memories of the local citizens and contemporary regoinal newspapers were taken into account as well as historical works of a synthetic character.
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Evaluation of the face asymmetry of Czech adult population: 3D study
Procházková, Lenka ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Pivoňková, Věra (referee)
Facial asymmetry is an individual characteristic connected to health, physical attraction and beauty. Researches concerning asymmetry is very beneficial for dentofacial surgery (especially for planning and evaluating operations), for forensic science (person identification), bioarcheology (monitoring stress effects on the evolution of bilateral traits) and sociocultural antropology (the study of attractiveness). The focus of our thesis lies in monitoring directional and fluctuating face asymmetry, comparing males and females with regard to gender dimorphism. We analysed 143 3D face models among the adult population (58 males with average age 22,6 and 85 females with average age 21,6) and scanned them with InSpeck 3D Mega Capturator II. Then we used the RapidForm software to brush, edit and localize the basic landmarks. The face asymmetry was evaluated through classic morphometry and geometric morphometry. The whole face surface was analysed with Rapidform and Morphome3cs software. In our group of test subjects (in man as well as women), fluctuating asymmetry was found more often than directional asymmetry. Directional asymmetry, among women test subjects, was found in 42,86% cases, among men test subjects it was in 28,57% cases, in which was more oriented to the left side. The right eye area was...
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