|
|
Diagnostics of neuroinfection caused by human herpesviruses using nucleic acid amplification methods
Labská, Klára ; Marešová, Vilma (advisor) ; Rožnovský, Luděk (referee) ; Krbková, Lenka (referee)
of thesis Diagnostics of neuroinfection caused by human herpesviruses using nucleic acid amplification methods author: MUDr. Klára Labská supervisor: doc. MUDr. Vilma Marešová, CSc. In recent years, the diagnosis of neuroinfections has undergone a shift towards molecular biology methods. Our research focused on the predictive value of the capture of herpesvirus (HV) DNA in cerebrospinal fluid. In the first study, we examined the presence of DNA neurotropic herpes viruses (HSV1, HSV2, VZV and HHV6) in cerebrospinal fluid in immunocompetent patients with laboratory-confirmed tick-borne meningoencephalitis and enterovirus meningitis and meningoencephalitis. The control group consisted of patients with proven absence of an inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid. Patients were followed for 6 months. The course of the disease and its consequences, including laboratory tests, were compared between groups of patients with and without the presence of HV DNA. In the second study, we tried to demonstrate the presence of HSV1 DNA in cerebrospinal fluid during its symptomatic reactivation in patients with purulent meningitis. In our group of immunocompetent patients with non-purulent inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid, the proportion of HV DNA positive patients reached 7.5% (13 out of 173), we also...
|
|
|
Vaccination issues on the threshold of the third millenium
Šálek, Jiří ; Dáňová, Jana (advisor) ; Marešová, Vilma (referee) ; Fabiánová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis based on descriptive comparative study is to evaluate different opinions and its influence to vaccination confidence in two branches of students, medical and pedagogical, as both of them plays important roles in children and adults education and, in case of pedagogy, forming the skills of critical thinking. Multi-item, opinion-based, paper-and-pencil typed anonymous questionnaires were distributed within medical students and students of pedagogical fields of study. Data has been sorted and divided into two clusters which underwent a statistical comparison using a logistic regression. From total of 722 respondents, 386 were medical students and 336 were pedagogical students. Most respondents said they were not in favor of alternative medicine; however, a significantly higher number of alternative medicine followers were among the respondents of the Faculty of Education. Positive vaccination perception rate (PVPR) is not dependent on behavioral factors of students at both faculties but it is clearly conditioned by attitude to alternative medicine. Fear of infections dramatically increased the PVPR (up to 6.7x) over those who were not afraid of the infection or were not quite sure whether to fear it. Fear of vaccines side effects clearly reduced the PVPR by at least 84%.
|
|
|
Interactions of resveratrol derivatives with PXR receptor
Marešová, Veronika ; Pávek, Petr (advisor) ; Trejtnar, František (referee)
Charles University in Prague Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Supervisor: Prof Title of diploma thesis: Interactions of resveratrol derivatives with PXR receptor Derivatives of resveratrol belong between natural substances contained mainly in red wine and grapefruit. These compounds with stilbene-like structure show antioxidant activity. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) regulates expression of the most important biotransformation enzymes in human liver and intestine including cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Interaction of resveratrol and PXR have already been studied, but published data are contradictory. In my diploma thesis, I studied interaction of resveratrol and its derivatives with PXR. For this purpose, gene reporter assay with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was introduced. It was not possible to conduct experiments in standard way because both resveratrol and its derivatives inhibit lusiferase activities. I studied also effects of resveratrol and its derivatives on expression of CYP3A4 mRNA on differentiated HepaRG cell line. New method gene reporter method with qRT-PCR detection of luciferase was established on hepatoma cell line HepG2 transfected with CYP3A4 reporter construct. Concertation dependent effects of resveratrol and its derivatives were...
|
|
| |
|
|
Clinical and epidemiological features of the most commonly imported febrile illnesses and preventive measures
Trojánek, Milan ; Marešová, Vilma (advisor) ; Rožnovský, Luděk (referee) ; Chlíbek, Roman (referee)
The objective of the presented thesis was to evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the most significant tropical febrile infections imported to the Czech Republic, which include dengue and chikungunya fever, malaria and enteric fever. This retrospective-prospective study included a total of 292 patients with fever after a stay in the tropics who were treated at the Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Tropical Diseases of Hospital Na Bulovce in the years 2006-2014. The most common illnesses were dengue fever (52.1%), followed by malaria (37.3%), enteric fever (6.2%) and chikungunya fever (4.4%). Dengue fever was imported in 88.2% cases from Southeast or South Asia and malaria in 63.3% from Sub-Saharan Africa. Typical clinical and laboratory findings in dengue fever included headache (72.4%), rash (71.7%), muscle (67.6%) and joint pain (62.1%), leukocytopenia (26.5%), thrombocytopenia (22.4%), and low CRP (57.1%). Presented study confirmed that laboratory parameters differ in the acute and early convalescent phase of dengue fever. A total of 62.7% patients with malaria reported hedache and other frequent symptoms were dyspepsia (45.1%), dehydration (30.4%) and tachycardia (28.4%). Laboratory findings included high CRP (71.4%), decreased platelet count (52.4%) and...
|
|
|
Adverse reactions after childhood vaccination in the Czech Republic
Kocourková, Aneta ; Dáňová, Jana (advisor) ; Marešová, Vilma (referee) ; Částková, Jitka (referee)
1 ABSTRACT In the Czech Republic a complex study of adverse reactions after vaccination in children has not been presented yet. Even though reporting of serious adverse reactions to the State Institute for Drug Control (SUKL) is mandatory by law, it is seldom performed. Moreover, there is no analysis correlating adverse reactions that occurred at doctors` surgeries with actual reported adverse reactions to SUKL. The main focus of presented work was to analyze and map adverse reactions appearing after vaccinations from the children's vaccination schedule in the Czech Republic. The study was conducted in the form of retrospective-prospective questionnaires concentrating on adverse reactions, their occurrence, character, seriousness, duration and frequency. Furthermore, the questionnaires also focused on socio-demographic data such as gender, age, residency, parents' education, birth weight. Also, the refusal of the compulsory vaccination was assessed. Occurrence of adverse reactions after vaccination in the Czech Republic was analyzed by questionnaires in pediatricians' surgeries (active surveillance). Obtained data were correlated with data available at SUKL (passive surveillance). The study data showed higher number of collected adverse reactions that number of adverse reactions reported to national program...
|
|
|
The role of molecular genetics methods in diagnostics of neuroinfections
Petroušová, Lenka ; Marešová, Vilma (advisor) ; Göpfertová, Dana (referee) ; Plíšek, Stanislav (referee)
The role of molecular genetics methods in diagnostics of neuroinfections Background: Neuroinfections are serious diseases. They are associated with frequent development of permanent, debilitating consequences or even death. Aim: The aim of this work was to determine possible contribution of molecular genetic methods to diagnosis of neuroinfections and define potentially preventable agents. Methods: The prospective study included 1,463 patients who were hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Diseases in Ostrava in the years 2004-2013 of which 283 patients with purulent meningitis and 1,180 patients with aseptic meningitis. The criterion for the diagnosis was the number of elements in cerebrospinal fluid which had to exceed 5x106 /l. The diagnosis of purulent meningitis was established by cultivation, PCR for the detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Listeria monocytogenes. The diagnosis of aseptic meningitis was established by serological tests for tick-borne encephalitis, enterovirus, mumps, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Lyme disease. PCR was used to investigate enterovirus, influenza virus, VHE and herpes viruses. Result: In case of the 283 patients with purulent meningitis the etiology was established in 73 % cases, PCR method was positive...
|
|
|
Functions of European State Borders: A Case Study of Słubfurt
Marešová, Vendula ; Králová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Veselá, Barbora (referee)
The Thesis "Functions of European State Borders: A Case Study of Słubfurt" analyses Polish- German border in Frankfurt (Oder) and Słubice, where conceptual artist Michael Kurzwelly realizes his project Słubfurt. A theory of an Irish professor Liam O'Dowd relating to a typology of state borders' functions is applied. In this theory O'Dowd distinguishes four border metaphors: a barrier, a bridge, a source and a symbol of identity. In the first chapter of the thesis the character of European inter-state borders and cross-border cooperation is described and O'Dowd's theory is explained. The second part deals with asymmetrical character of Polish- German border and Euro-region Pro Europa Viadrina and analyses them within this theory. The focus of this thesis lies in the third chapter which describes the realities of a twin-city Frankfurt (Oder) and Słubice and particularly Kurzwelly's artistic and activist project, in which identity of the fictional city Słubfurt (connecting the two cities together) is being created. This is again analysed by means of the mentioned border theory. The thesis also answers the question which border functions are promoted by the European integration project and in which relation are these efforts with the activities of the Słubfurt project.
|
|
|
Osvobozený našinec from 1945 to 1948
Marešová, Veronika ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Knapík, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis, Osvobozený Našinec from 1945 to 1948, aims to analyze the aforementioned daily newspaper in the selected period. Osvobozený Našinec was a regional catholic daily newspaper published in Olomouc with a tradition of over 80 years. Despite the fact that this newspaper had in its lifetime many unpleasant influences, the communist takeover in February 1948 meant the definitive end of this newspaper. Osvobozený Našinec served mostly as a source of local information about life in Olomouc and until now hasn't been a subject of any deeper analysis. Firstly, the work deals with the development of newspaper from its establishment up until 1941 when publishing was stopped during the war. Osvobozený Našinec was published under the Czechoslovakian Popular Party after the Second World War and that is why part of the second chapter is devoted to this party and its development. The following chapter describes the situation in Czechoslovakia after the Second World War and the changes it brought in all aspects of life with regard to the press, the Olomouc region and the Czechoslovakian Popular Party. The fourth chapter deals with Osvobozený Našinec itself. Alongside general characteristics of the newspaper there is a focus on the influence of Czechoslovakian Popular Party on the newspaper, on its...
|
|
| |
guest ::
RSS feed.