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Women's Agency in the Czech Political Catholicism (1896-1939)
Havelka, Jiří ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (referee) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
This dissertation is based on a socio-cultural and social-anthropological approach to religion which (among other things) says that religion is dependent on the society in which it occurs. The ambition of the dissertation is not to capture "official positions" of the Catholic Church about the role of women in modern society. The dissertation is focusing on the perspective of Catholic women themselves. My main aim is to observe the opinion Catholic women have about themselves, and whether they reflect social or modernization changes. I will also observe, how they negotiated their role within the Czech political Catholicism. Time specification includes the end of the nineteenth century when women got more opportunities in the public sphere. As well as the period of independent Czechoslovakia and its constitution which declared the equal status of men and women.
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Women 's Emancipation in Žilina from 1918 to 1945
Smidová, Michaela ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
The topic of the thesis is women's emancipation movement in Žilina introduced on the basis of an example of local department of Slovak Women's Association Živena between 1918 and 1945. To start with, the thesis presents the situational context of the town in question and its surrounding regions as well as the Živena Association. It deals with the composition of the department's members and the ways it influenced the selection of adressees, the public's attitude towards the department and self-perception of members' role in the public sphere. The thesis analyses also the chosen strategies of the department's admission into the town's public space, external and internal reasons for choosing them and their success rate in the case of promoting women's emancipation thoughts among the local public.Considering the chosen time period, the thesis also focuses on the development of the studied topics influenced by political and social changes taking place in the region of current Slovakia in the covered time period.
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Černošice, Prague's summer resort at the end of 19th and in the first decades of 20th century. Contribution to the recognition of birth and development of the recreational activities of urban inhabitants in the industrial era
Šímová, Karolína ; Matoušek, Václav (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
This thesis deals with the phenomenon of the suburban summer resorts and the recreational activities of the inhabitants of Prague in the second half of 19th century and first decades of 20th century. At first, the work introduces the following topics: a general characteristic of the industrialization era, an origin and initial development of the middle class, a villa with the garden on the periphery of the industrial city as a specific manifestation of the middle class culture, a phenomenon of the garden cities, recreational activities as a specific way of the middle class recreation. Then, the summer resort is introduced. This summer resort is Černošice, one of the most famous summer resorts of this era, there were other famous summer resorts of the inhabitants of Prague situated in his neighbourhood, for example Všenory or Dobřichovice. This work is looking for the answers to the following questions: What kind of factors or events led to the birth of this summer resort? (for example: When was the summer resort created? Why was it atractive for the inhabitants of Prague?)? How did the life in the summer resort look like (for example: What kind of recreational activities were the visitors of the summer resort engaged in? What kind of people was building the villas here?)? What part did the...
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Prague sculpture exhibitions 1898 - 1916. A contribution to the theme of gallery sculpture presentation
Cermanová, Jana ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor) ; Blümlová, Dagmar (referee) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
Jana Cermanová Prague sculpture exhibitions 1898 - 1916 A contribution to the theme of gallery sculpture presentation Dissertation synopsis Sculpture as an artistic discipline experienced a dynamic rise in the Czech lands at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. This followed the much admired example of France, where Charles Morice, referencing Rodin and his pupils, asserted the dominance of modern sculpture over painting in 1910. Thanks in large part to major art world figure and educator J. V. Myslbek, the Czech lands also saw the development of a highly ambitious group of sculptors poised to address a growing social demand for monumental works (particularly memorials) that recaptured the city's public space. Sculptors worked on architectural commissions for decorative sculptures and on orders for funerary objects, which guaranteed them an income and enabled them to pursue their own creative work. However, it was chiefly this "flood of monuments" that attracted public attention to sculptors and garnered them social prestige. Sculptors became more deeply involved in art events and played a major role in addressing contemporary art world issues. The public boom enjoyed by sculpture carried over into exhibition halls, where ...
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France's Role in Forming the Czechoslovakian Elites (1900 - 1950)
Hnilica, Jiří ; Pokorný, Jiří (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Ory, Pascal (referee)
This work seeks to answer questions concerning the role France played in shaping the Czechoslovak elite in the first half of the 20th century. The study rests on three basic pillars. The first is a study of the framework in which Franco-Czechoslovak relations developed in the area of culture, cultural and educational policy. The second pillar is the question of France's direct involvement in Czechoslovakia - by means of solid structures created in connection with the establishment of the new state, and with the development of active French cultural policy after 1918. On the one hand, the French Institute in Prague, which, in the period under study, wanted to be more than a mere cultural centre, its ambitions primarily concerning scientific cooperation (language, philosophy, history, law, medicine, economics, chemistry, technical disciplines). On the other hand, the French Real Grammar School in Prague, the example of which gives a very good study of the competitive limits of cooperation between the two countries in the field of secondary education. Despite the growing number of students, this private institution (nationalised in 1937), never stopped addressing a key question: is it a Czechoslovak school teaching in French or a French educational institution operating in Czechoslovakia? The third pillar is...
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"To be at fate's disposal" The life of the Czech doctor and politician, Emanuel Engel (1844-1907)
Procházka, David ; Velek, Luboš (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
The thesis captures the career of the Czech doctor and politician, Emanuel Engel (1844-1907). The aim of the thesis is to introduce this as yet little known figure from the Czech political scene in the second half of the 19th century in the whole range of his most important activities. Five chapters darify which social background Engel came from, follow the period of his education, his educational activities abroad as well as his medical and then political career, which climaxed with his work as the chairman of the Young Czech Party in the Imperial Council in the 1880s and 1890s. The thesis is mainly based on Engel's written estate, stored in the Literary archive at the Monument for National Literature in Prague and is enriched by information gained from many other complementary sources. This is the first extensive biography, which captures the whole period of Engel's life.
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Czech women's movement in the struggle for political equality of women. The role of associations and political parties in the years 1890-1914
Malínská, Jana ; Kvaček, Robert (advisor) ; Hlavačka, Milan (referee) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
Ph.D. thesis Czech Women's Movement in the Struggle for Political Equality of Women (The Role of Associations and Political Parties in the Years 1890-1914), follows the issue of women's involvement in the process of democratization of Czech society between the restoration of parliamentarianism and constitutionalism in early 1860s and the outbreak of World War I. The growing Czech middle class and more liberal political conditions since the 1860s formed main conditions for the advancement of the Czech middle class women's movement. Twenty years later it was followed by similar movements of the working class women and women from Christian-Social movement. All specific ideological currents had more or less impact on consciousness of society and competed for gaining its support for their aims - easy access to quality education of women, improvement of women's social conditions, and changes in laws to achieve equality of rights for women. Changing economic and demographic conditions were forcing an increasing number of women from the middle class to seek employment, which was accompanied by various new problems and the need to seek their solutions. Women, increasingly aware of their human dignity and professional capabilities, began to view especially their civic and political inequality as fundamentally...
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Tramps, Townees, Sportsmen Transformation of Landscape in Bohemia in the end of 19th Century and First Decades of 20th Century in Consequence of Return of Urban Population to Nature
Posledníková, Jiřina ; Matoušek, Václav (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
Precis The thesis discuss a transformation of the landscape in Bohemia in the end of 19th century and first decades of 20th century as a consequence of man's return to nature. It primarily deals with various factors that are related to it (Industrialization, Romanticism and leisure time). Not only did these factors give birth to man's return to nature, they also gave birth to the protection of nature and the sports boom. One of the basic theories of this thesis is that people who resided in urban communities became disenchanted with city life and developed a strong desire to escape from the urban environment. This course of events gave birth to the return to nature. The increasing popularity of recreational activities caused the transformation of the landscape; urban civilization also spread to the countryside by the means of recreational activities. The thesis describes the origin and the development of leisure activities (tourism, tramping and sports) and the way they are displayed in the landscape (view-towers, weekend camps). The villages of Senohraby and Hrusice, typical recreational areas since 19th century, are used as examples in order to demonstrate how these events unfolded.
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Czech grammar schools, their students and teachers, 1867-1918
Řezníčková, Kateřina ; Hlavačka, Milan (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee) ; Rýdl, Karel (referee)
This thesis examines the development, character and routine of an ordinary day of Czech middle schools. The first chapter outlines the changes in middle school education throughout the 'long' 19th Century. The summary of these changes begins at the end of the 18th Century, the time of the educational reforrns introduced by Maria Theresa and Joseph II, and is followed by a brief summary of the changes in the first half of the 19th Century. Detailed research has been done into the history of middle schools, from 1848 (from Bonitz-Exner Outline, a fundamental document which influenced changes in the educational system for many years) until the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The main focus is on the period from 1867; this year was the catalyst for the major development of Czech middle schools. Briefly mentioned are the changes and restrictions caused by the First World War; there is also a section dedicated to middle school education for girls. The second chapter concentrates on specific areas of middle school education, such as: who studied, and on what terrns; programmes of study; the curriculum of individua! subjects. The structure of the school year and the daily school time-table is also examined. Detailed study has been made of marking and the context and demands of final exams. Furtherrnore,...
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