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Anxiety disorders from a biological and psychological perspective
Záplatová, Klára ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
Barchelor thesis focuses on anxiety disorders from a biological and psychological perspective. This thesis aims to provide anxiety disorders in their entireness. For this reason, thesis focuses on psychological and physical symptoms of anxiety. Topic contains unconscious symptoms manifesting inside of a man. Thesis is divided into two main parts. First one consists of literature review, the second one consists of experiment design. Experiment design deals with physiological symptoms of social phobia. It is focused on specific brain areas and cortisol level in anxiety feeling as well as to feeling of a man during the experiment. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Depression in the elderly with focus on people with cognitive deficit
Věchetová, Gabriela ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
Depressive symptoms are very common among people with neurocognitive disorder. The comorbidity of both diseases and the overlap of their symptoms complicates correct diagnosis and thus also the initiation of a correct treatment. The instruments of depression measuring in seniors with a severe cognitive deficit are also a discussed issue. The subject of the theoretical part is to describe the issue of depression and cognitive disorders in the old age with a focus on Alzheimer's disease, which is the most common mental disorder in the elderly together with depression. The goal of the empirical part of the thesis is to research based on the interviews with seniors if the most frequently used method of depression measuring in the elderly, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), is a suitable measuring instrument also in seniors with a cognitive deficit and further examine how these seniors actually experience the individual mood qualities which are the subjects of items in GDS. Forty seniors with a various degree of cognitive deficit participated in the research. The study results showed that the questionnaire is usable for seniors with a mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia. To detect the border of the cognitive deficit, below which it is not suitable to use the depression measuring method GDS, a...
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Sexuality and sexual behaviour in patients with bulimia neurosa
Kubešová, Jana ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
The authors deal with Sexual Behavior in Eating Disorders, especially in patiens with Bulimia Nervosa. In patiens with Eating Disorders we observe distortion of body image and negative affeetive evaluation of one's own body and personality, like a eommon symptoms. We assumed, the symptoms may influenee bulimie patienť s sexuality and sexual behavior. On the other side, we assumed the speeifie psyehosexual development, sexual experienees in ehildhood and personality features in bulimie patients ean also be a reason of Eating Disorder. Our question is: What is the sexuality and sexual behavior in bulimie patiens? We present our researeh on women, who are nowadays treated for Bulimia Nervosa. We speeially foeus on Coital Debut, Masturbation, Sexual Aetivities with a Sexual Partner, Sexual Exeitement, Sexual Disorders, Number of Sexual Partners, Sexual Orientation and Sexual Satisfaetion. In eomparison to normal ezeeh population in age 18-29 years, we observe these differenees. Patients have had a first relationship at higher age, they also have had a higher number of relatonships and higher number of sexual partners. More bulimie patients have had experienees with masturbation and most of them are stili masturbating. Patients do not have orgasm during the sexual intereourse so often as normal population and...
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Comorbid occurrence of eating disorders with substance abuse in different medical centers and possibilities of psychotherapeutic influence
Růžičková, Nikola ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
This thesis is focused on the research of comorbidity of eating disorders with substance use. The theoretical part defines the various addictive substances and describes their harmful use, addiction and bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model of addiction. The work describes the types of eating disorders- anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and psychogenic overeating. The aim of the research was to describe the prevalence of women with eating disorders who at the same time use some of the addictive substances including alcohol. Another goal was to describe whether there is a difference between the types of eating disorders and preferences for specific drugs, and as well, to describe which eating disorder uses alcohol the most. This work also describes the possibilities of psychotherapy for people with this comorbidity. It was used the method of triangulation to collect the data. The first source of the information was a test battery, consisting of the EAT-26 questionnaire, AUDIT questionnaire and the last one is questionnaire orientated to drug use. The second source of information was a focus group and the last source were four case studies. This study confirmed that the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa tends to drug use the most. Just behind them are the patients diagnosed with psychogenic overeating have a...
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Life satisfaction in somatic patients
Kolínová, Magdaléna ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Niederlová, Markéta (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on evaluating changes in quality of life in overweight and obese persons. The theoretical part discusses quality of life, various aspects of obesity and the most relevant psychological context. The empirical part includes two studies: 1. Study in overweight / obese persons undergoing physical activity intervention - walking, lasting up to 1 year, and covering 24 female participants. The intervention resulted in a significant effect on the quality of life, assessed using the following instruments: IWQOL-Lite, OWLQOL and WRSM. 2. Study in overweight / obese persons undergoing STOB basic intervention lasting 12 weeks, and covering 17 female participants. The intervention resulted in a significant effect on the quality of life, assessed using the following instruments: IWQOL-Lite, OWLQOL and WRSM. Changes in self-esteem and self-efficacy were also assessed in this population using the instruments: RSE and GSE, respectively. Statistical significance was not achieved in either of these cases, although a trend toward change could be seen according to RSE and GSE, respectively. Keywords: Life satisfaction; quality of life; obesity; physical activity intervention; STOB
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Mechanism of patients with anorexia nervosa
Ježková, Tereza ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
The Defence Style Questionnaire which assesses three factors of defence mechanisms ( mature, neurotic, immature) was completed by 44 anorexie women aged from 14 to 30 years, and 121 healthy women. The Thematic Apperception Test used to assess ego developpement and defence was completed by 15 patients. We found that the anorexie women differ from the healthy population in use of neurotic and immature defence mechanisms. In contrast, no difference was found between restrictive and purgative patients who do not differ in any factor of the Defence Style Questionnaire.
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The influence of depression on cognitive functions in the remission period. What changes can be observed in cognitive functions during the course of mood improvement until the remission period?
Dušánková, Erika ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
The aim of this study is to summarize a research on cognitive functions and depressive disorder with focus on the remission period and to map, on this background, using a longitudinal design, changes in cognitive performance of the depressive patients during the course of mood improvement until the remission period. We set together a test battery consisting of two cognitive functions measures (AVLT, Letter-number sequencing), two mood rating instruments (BDI, MADRS) and two additional questionnaires (Unfavourable-events questionnaire and Social support Survey - MOS). We included an interview, as well. The research took place in Prague psychiatric centre. The sample consisted of 10 inpatients with unipolar depressive disorder according to ICD-10. 4 of the patients were excluded - 2 of them for deeper mood impairment and other 2 for early discharge from the clinic. Only 2 of the remaining 6 patients achieved remission. We present their case studies in this thesis. The conclusion of this study is that the image of cognitive performance in depressed patients can be various. All patients experienced subjective cognitive performance impairment and work ability impairment. We didn't observe, in some of the patients, cognitive performance impairment in the neuropsychological measures used. When cognitive impairment...
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Psychosocial aspects of chronic disease cystic fibrosis - coping
Hodková, Pavla ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
The Diploma Thesis is dealing with the role of coping strategies in a chronic disease with a special interest in a cystic fibrosis (CF) disorder. In the Introduction section the biology nature of the CF, its psychology impact, as well as, techniques of coping in the respect to chronic disease, mainly to CF, are presented. Moreover, the possibility of a psychology intervention is discussed. Experimental section is devoted to the research performed with the group of 104 individuals of which 63 were parents of CF patients and 41 were adult CF patients. In order to examine coping strategies used in the selected CF groups Cystic Fibrosis Coping Scale Questionary was applied. Obtained data were statistically interpreted using a SPSS software. Results of paired Student's t-test show partial significant differences in coping strategies between groups of adults CF patients and parents of CF patients, groups of men and women, and in group of parents of CF patients classified according to their age. However, in the group of parents no statistically significant differences in relation to the age of their sick children were found.
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The quality of life
Faťunová, Zuzana ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
The quality of life have been a subejct of many studies and thesis for about last fifteen years. This work presents the concept of quality of life, especially from the view of the psychology and the medicine. There are discussed some methodological problems of the measuring and the evaluation of the health-related quality of life and there are also described basic and inportant instruments used in clinical studies. The aim of the second practical part is to illustrate a use of an instrument in a concrete situation - in the evaluation of the health-related quality of life of patients with coronary disease.
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