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Effect of Sleep Education and Behavioral Techniques on Sleep and Emotional Regulation in Patients with Insomnia.
Smolková, Eliška ; Janků, Karolina (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
This diploma thesis introduces the topic of a short-termed approach to treating insomnia. The theoretical part addresses healthy sleep and sleep assessment methods. It describes insomnia and a large part of the thesis is devoted to the treatment of this sleep disorder. The thesis introduces the relationship between emotional regulation and sleep. The aim of the empirical part is to investigate the effect of a short program dedicated to insomnia on sleep parameters (time in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency), on the severity of insomnia and on difficulties in emotional regulation in individuals suffering from insomnia. The pilot research is examining the variables listed above before and after the programme. The results suggest significant changes in sleep parameters, insomnia severity and difficulties in emotional regulation after the programme. Limitations of the present study are discussed and recommendations for further research in the area of short-term therapies for insomnia are provided. Key words: insomnia; emotion regulation; behavioural approach; cognitive behavioural therapy
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Assessment of visual short-term memory binding and its role in the identification of subtle memory decline
Borovská, Šárka ; Horáková, Hana (advisor) ; Michalec, Jiří (referee)
The concept of memory binding appears to be auspicious for identification of subtle memory decline in early stages of Alzeheimer's disease (AD). Visual Short-Term Memory Binding Test (VSTMBT) is an experimental test of short-term visual memory binding, it assesses the binding condition (shape+colour) along with the control condition of short-term memory (shape only). Although the results of the current studies seem promising, a number of limitations are present (different versions of the test, small sample size, familial vs. sporadic form of AD, etc.). In this thesis, the VSTMBT was administered to a comprehesively defined sample of people without dementia from the Czech Brain Aging Study (N=161). When comparing the groups using analysis of variance with subsequent post hoc tests, it was found that the group with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, n=56) performed the lowest compared to the group with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n=60) and to the cognitively normal volunteers (CN, n=45). When controlling for the effect of age and gender, these differences persisted (aMCI < KN; aMCI < SCD) in the memory binding condition (for the two-item version). The performance of the SCD group did not differ from the KN. In the subset of patients with available biomarkers, performances were compared...
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Analysis of main wine saccharides
Horáková, Hana ; Šabata, Pavel (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with determination of carbohydrates in wine. Theoretical part attends to production of wine from grape to treatment and training of wine. It refers saccharides in wine, especially glucose and fructose. The study provides an overview of the available sources concerning the possibilities of determination of carbohydrates in wine by chromatographic methods and Skalar automated chemistry analyser. The study shortly refers simple analytical methods for determination of wine saccharides. The experimental part based on this search deals with analysis of saccharides by high performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detector and UV detector on aminoalkyl column and determination of reducting sugars by Skalar automated chemistry analyser. Finally, the results of these methods were compared.
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Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease and Its Measurement
Netík, Jan ; Lukavský, Jiří (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
This thesis introduces anxiety as one of the most common and important neuropsychiatric symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). It places anxiety in the context of other motor and non-motor symptoms and describes the circumstances of its onset and its potential role in early recognition of PD even before a clinical diagnosis is established and before the onset of characteristic motor symptoms. The thesis also touches on the difculties in measuring anxiety in PD and discusses selected models of anxiety and psychodiagnostic methods for its measurement, building in particular on Spielberger's concept of state and trait anxiety, which represents the basis for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), for which we construct the frst Czech norms in the empirical part of the work and verify some psychometric properties of the method on a population of healthy respondents. In the second study, the thesis examines the validity of measuring anxiety in a sample of previously untreated patients with idiopathic PD, who, according to the literature, have an early measurable increase in anxiety. We test whether the STAI can capture the diference between the normative sample and patients with newly diagnosed PD. The results show that the STAI can detect increased anxiety in these patients, although the...
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A system for classifying descriptions of society in the era of fall of postmodernism
Krčil, David ; Hauser, Michael (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
The thesis deals with the comparison and classification of descriptive theories that seek to describe the state of Western society and culture in the 21st century. In this context, the most frequently invoked term is "postmodernism", which according to many thinkers has already lost its ability to describe society or, according to others, has never even truly described it. This paper is concerned with those theories that are supposed to be either the successors to postmodernism or its surrogate. The research question of the thesis is whether it is possible to find points of contact between the chosen theories, on the basis of which they could be sorted into hyperonymic groups (meta-descriptions) as to map the contemporary thinking about the historical stage of the West in the 21st century. A classification of this kind is potentially fruitful for creating a map of contemporary modes of thinking about society, and the categories delineated should prove to be inherently open for quickly linking emerging theories, or those not included in this thesis, to similar descriptions of society so that their findings can be compared. To lay the foundations for this purpose, the theories of Timothee Vermeulen and Robin van den Akker's metamodernism, Jeffrey Nealon's post-postmodernism, Alan Kirby's...
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The end of the first wave of feminism in Czechoslovakia
Junger, Vojtěch ; Hyánková, Tereza (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
This bachelor Thesis deals with the question of the end of the first wave of feminism and the decline of the feminist movement in interwar Czechoslovakia, considering the development until 1948. The Thesis presents and analyses the reasons why, despite a progressive constitution and an emancipation-leaning society, it was not possible to achieve a greater gender equality. The Thesis is divided into three main parts. The first part presents the theoretical framework of the first wave of feminism and the feminist movement, as well as the historical context of Czech and Czechoslovakian feminism. The second part problematizes political system in Czechoslovakia in relation to women's emancipation, especially parliamentarism, the party system, the limits of democracy, and also the concept of the family. The third part of the Thesis describes and analyses the feminist movement as such, its relationship to the state and society, its strategies and ideological foundations, the formation of women's group consciousness, the mobilization potential of the women's movement and the relationship between democracy and feminism. The work is interdisciplinary - based on gender analysis, it examines the development of a historical phenomenon (the first wave of feminism) in politics and society, while compiling...
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Identity in transcultural perspective. Symbols in the creation of cultural identity
Šafaříková, Jana ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee) ; Jirka, Luděk (referee)
Despite its geographical distance and the specific ways in which the state of Australia came into existence two centuries ago, both Europe and Australia share a number of similarities in their recent cultural, social and political development, with Australia to some extent anticipating trends which later also appear in Europe. Two of the most widely discussed issues, that have dominated public and political debates in Australia for decades, are related to immigration and the politics of multiculturalism, both of which form the very pillars on which the national and cultural identity of Australia is based upon. Especially within the last years, the questions of immigration and multiculturalism have also entered with full force the public and political discourse in Europe, with both topics gaining a prominent place in the debate. However, while Europe has been made aware of these issues at last during and after the migration crisis of 2015, in Australia, they have been present for a substantial part of the state's existence, and more prominently since the 1990s when the One Nation Party, a political party in many aspects similar to the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) in Germany and the Rassemblement national (RN) in France, gained substantial electoral success. The dissertation presents a...
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Clinical Applicability of Cognitive Testing in Huntington Disease
Mühlbäck, Alžbeta ; Klempíř, Jiří (advisor) ; Rusina, Robert (referee) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
Introduction: Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder manifested by motor, behavioural and cognitive deficits with fatal consequences. Aims: This study aims to validate the psychometric properties of a standard cognitive battery used in HD and establish language-specific normative values. Methods: In the first study, cognitive performance was compared in 106 patients at different stages of HD and 100 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and education. The neuropsychological battery included the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Stroop Word Reading Test, Stroop Colour Naming Test, Stroop Interference Test, Trail Making Test-A and B, Category and Letter Verbal Fluency. In addition, patients were comprehensively assessed for motor and functional status. In the second study, the cognitive performance of 3,267 healthy subjects was assessed. The work focused on the stratification of cognitive performance concerning age, gender, language and level of education. Another aim was to establish the language-specific normative values and implement a web-based normative calculator to assess the degree of cognitive deficit in different languages (English, German, Spanish, Italian, Polish, French, Dutch, Danish). Results: In the first study, analysis of variance showed that healthy...
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Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) Recognition Task in Czech Sign Language
Holubová, Kateřina ; Niederlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
(in English) The literature review describes the characteristics of deaf people - a group of Czech sign language users - based on medical and cultural-linguistic perspectives. Subsequent chapters provide current knowledge about psychodiagnostics within this population and the pitfalls the psychodiagnostic practitioner may encounter, including the difference in structures between the Czech language and Czech sign language. This section is concluded with a description of psychodiagnostic methods expressed in sign languages and methods initially developed in spoken languages that are nevertheless used in a modified format within this population both in the Czech Republic and abroad. The practical part is devoted to revising the original version of the Auditory Verbal Learning Test in Czech sign language and drafting a list of phonemic and semantic distractors for recognition. The psychometric properties of the converted test are then validated by a group of 31 deaf Czech Sign Language users of old age. As expected, performance on the test was correlated with age and was independent of the place of origin (Prague-Central Bohemia Region and South Moravia Region). However, in contrast to previous studies, women's performance did not deviate from men's. The test's difficulty level was comparable to the...
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