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Automation of production lines: an ethical point of view
Ježek, Jan ; Sousedík, Prokop (advisor) ; Šolcová, Kateřina (referee)
Through automation and robotization, factories are trying to eliminate the participation of human labour in their production, with goal to have efficient production and higher profits. The thesis focuses mainly on the consequences of automation. The first part of the thesis characterizes the process of automation itself and its historical development. It shows the advantages and problems of automation. The second part focuses on the process from a sociological point of view, i.e., the implications for the lives of workers. The main part is an examination of the process from an ethical point of view. I focus primarily on the dignity of work, the meaning of work, business ethics, corporate codes of ethics and ethical values.
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Perception of Generative Artificial Intelligence in selected Newsrooms of Domestic News Media with a Focus on Changes in Journalistic Ethics
Vaněček, Lukáš ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Klimeš, David (referee)
The bachelor thesis delves into the subject of artificial intelligence and simultaneously explores its application in domestic editorial offices, along with the emerging ethical challenges associated with these technologies. In the theoretical section, in addition to introducing generative artificial intelligence itself and platforms such as ChatGPT or Midjourney operating on this basis, it describes the ethical domains in which the mentioned tools may instigate changes. The thesis includes a qualitative research component based on twelve in-depth semi- structured interviews with respondents from both public-service and private newsrooms actively utilizing generative artificial intelligence. Keywords Artificial Intelligence, AI, ChatGPT, Midjourney, ethics, transformation, machine learning, automated journalism, media Title Perception of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Selected Newsrooms of Domestic News Media with a Focus on Changes in Journalistic Ethics
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The Truth in Media After Artificial Intelligence Application
Čejka, Pavel ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Miessler, Jan (referee)
The master's thesis is devoted to the analysis of the challenges and opportunities brought by the emergence of generative artificial intelligence in the news media. The aim of this thesis is not only to explore what changes are expected in the media landscape as a result of the development of AI-produced content, but also to identify the ethical challenges associated with this technology. In particular, the thesis focuses on how the boundaries of truthfulness and defending reality are shifting under the influence of the development of AI-generated content. The thesis uses qualitative research through semi-structured interviews with AI experts. The main findings show that generative AI has the potential to transform news media and society as a whole. Experts agree that AI can help automate routine tasks, allowing journalists to engage in more analytical and insightful work. The changing paradigm of truth reflects society's transition to the digital era. However, with this progress comes challenges such as the potential for misuse of AI to produce infomation disorder and erode public trust in media content. Another important area of inquiry is the ethical and normative regulation of AI. The research highlights the need for discussion among experts, and the importance of transparency in training data...
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Oppression versus Empowerment: A Philosophical Analysis of Female Participation in Sport
Howe, Olivia Rose ; Parry, Silvan James (advisor) ; Schneider, Angela (referee) ; Edgar, Andrew (referee)
Název: Útlak versus posílení postavení žen: Filosofická analýza účasti žen ve sportu Cíle: Cílem této práce je na základě knihy feministické filosofky Simone de Beauvoir Druhé pohlaví definovat a kriticky analyzovat, co znamená pojmy "útlak" a "posílení postavení" žen. Zjištění, že útlak žen je systémový, internalizovaný a vykořisťovatelský, jsou aplikována do ženské kategorie ve sportu. Tato diskuse se zaměřuje především na zjištění, zda má sport tendenci utvrzovat útlak žen prostřednictvím svých pravidel a konvencí, kategorizace, finančně a emocionálně vykořisťujících praktik a prostřednictvím nových metod, jako je manipulace se zdravotními údaji. Na základě současných textů z oblasti kinantropologie je rovněž diskutováno téma sportu jakožto zdroje pro posílení postavení žen. Metodologie: Tato práce je čistě teoretickou studií, ve které byly shromažďovány, interpretovány a kriticky hodnoceny informace z filosofických textů, odborných článků, novinových článků a sociálních médií. Tato práce vychází z myšlenek knihy Simone de Beauvoir Druhé pohlaví, která poskytuje důkladnější filosofickou analýzu pojmů "útlak" a "posílení postavení". Práce rovněž vychází z teorie...
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Previously expressed wishes of the patient from the point of view of pre-hospital care
OBŮRKOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis entitled Previously Expressed Wishes from the perspective of pre-hospital care consists of two parts, a theoretical and a practical part. Three thesis objectives were chosen for the topic. The first objective was to find out the awareness of paramedics about the issue of Previously Expressed Wishes. The second objective was to find out the ethical perspective of paramedics on the issue of Previously Expressed Wishes. The third aim was to map the number of cases where a paramedic encounters a patient who has written down a Previously Expressed Wish in pre-hospital care. Based on the previous objectives, three research questions were subsequently established. The first research question focuses on the depth to which paramedics are aware of the issue of the Previously Expressed Wishes. The second question explores the paramedic's ethical perspective on the issue. Whether the predominant view is positive or rather negative. The third research question ascertains the amount of occurrence of patients in pre-hospital care. Whether one is more likely to encounter such a patient in hospital or pre-hospital care. In the theoretical part, concepts related to the issue of Previously Expressed Wishes are explained. The theoretical part deals with ethics, pre-hospital care, paramedic codes and the actual Previously Expressed Wish. The practical part of the study was prepared in the form of quantitative and qualitative research. In the quantitative research, responses were obtained through an online questionnaire. The questionnaire contained twenty closed questions and only one open question. The last open question included a request to leave a contact and a follow-up interview to enable qualitative research. Ten respondents participated in the qualitative research. The data collected was very positive. Many respondents knew a great deal of information regarding the issue of Previously Expressed Wishes. The prevailing attitude was positive. The whole research was conducted at the regional centres of the Vysočina region. The bachelor thesis can serve to provide insight and greater understanding of the concept of Earlier Expressed Wishes. Nowadays, the issue is not abundant in pre-hospital care, but over time things may change.
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Dignity and ethics in the designated aspects of nursing applied in care homes for the elderly
HLINŠŤÁKOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis deals with the dignity and ethical aspects in the areas of communication with the elderly; dignified approach towards the clients during the hygienic care; and dignified approach towards the clients when serving meals and drinks in a specific care home with nursing. There were three objectives chosen for the purpose of the qualitative research of this thesis. The first objective focuses on monitoring how the dignity is maintained in communication with the elderly; the second objective focuses on monitoring how the dignity is maintained when providing hygienic care for the elderly; and the final objective focuses on monitoring how the dignity is maintained when providing the nutrition and drink scheme care for the elderly. There were three research questions established to meet the objectives of the qualitative research of this thesis. The first research question: "What elements of dignified communication are used by nurses during communication with the elderly?" The second research question: "What elements of dignified care are used by nurses when providing hygienic care?" The final third question: "What elements of dignified care are used by nurses when providing nutrition care for the elderly?" The thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part defines the basis of dignity and ethics; as well as three other areas, such as the communication with the elderly, hygienic care and appropriate application of nourishment and drinking scheme. Data callected for the empirical part are based on the qualitative research using techniques of covert and overt observation followed by semi-structured interviews. Research respondent group consisted of five nurses previously chosen by the director of the care home with nursing. The research showed that the approach of nurses towards the clients was not always with dignity. The aim of the covert and overt observation was to understand whether the nurses were aware of their behaviour. The outcome of the empirical part show that nurses who did not treat the clients with dignity and ethically, were aware of their behaviour. The output of the diploma thesis is a forthcoming article describing particular issues and findings of the research in this thesis.
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Etika novináře jako téma mediální výchovy
PEŠEK, Vojtěch
This bachelor's thesis deals with the ethics of journalism and its setting in the context of contemporary media education. The first part first defines the basic concepts and associated sub-chapters, which set the context for the whole thesis. Subsequently, the two central themes are brought together in suggestions on how to grasp and integrate the issue of journalistic ethics into the teaching of media education. The content of the bachelor's thesis also includes the opinions of teachers who, among other things, deal with media issues in their pedagogical work. The opinions of a media expert have not been omitted. In the conclusion of the thesis, the pros and possible cons of incorporating media education into the pupil's education are presented.
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Dilemmas of social workers working with people in material distress
KOTISA, Jan
The chosen topic of this thesis is "dilemmas of social workers in working with people in material need." The thesis is divided into several chapters that primarily focus on an introduction to the issues of social policy and social work; further presentation of the Labour Office of the Czech Republic and the system of assistance benefits in material need; introduction to ethical issues and presentation of basic ethical theories. Last but not least, it also focuses on the dilemmas that a social worker may encounter when working with a client in material need and the application of ethical theories to solve them. The goal of the thesis is to find out what dilemmas social workers may face when working with people in material need, how they react to them and solve them.
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