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Developmental screening test of early literacy: MiniMABEL
Pustková, Martina ; Málková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Nováková Schöffelová, Miroslava (referee)
The presented master's thesis focuses on the developm ent of literacy skills in preschool children whose native language is Czech and who have no diagnosed language impairments. The overview chapters address the theoretical foundations and constructs we used for developing subtests and items for the newly developed screening tool, MiniMABEL. The methodological section includes a description of the study's design and schedule, as well as a description of the development of the test's design. This includes an initial testing of tasks on a small sample of children (N=20), based on which the tasks were revised into the analyzed test design. The research conducted on a sample of children meeting the defined parameters (N=78) addresses three research objectives. The first objective is to examine the psychometrics properties of the proposed instrument, describe typical performance, and assess the sensitivity of the tests for the proposed use. The second objective involves proposing score thresholds for identifying children at risk of impaired literacy skills development. The third objective is to provide recommendations for modifying subtests and formulate basic guidelines for further development of the test battery. The results are based on descriptive statistics, frequency and item analysis and internal...
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Cost-effectiveness model of universal screening for thyroid disorders in pregnancy for the Czech Republic
Tužil, Jan ; Bartáková, Jana (advisor) ; Brennan Kearns, Pavla (referee) ; Babeľa, Róbert (referee)
Model nákladové efektivity plošného screeningu poruchy funkce štítné žlázy v těhotenství pro Českou republiku Cost-effectiveness model of universal screening for thyroid disorders in pregnancy for the Czech Republic Disertační práce English Abstract Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism affects approximately 5% of pregnant women in the Czech Republic and is associated with a number of health risks for both mother and child. The negative effects can be prevented by effective and safe hormone replacement therapy. Although subclinical hypothyroidism can be diagnosed solely by blood tests, only 45% of pregnant women in the Czech Republic are currently tested. Thyroid function screening (thyrotropin; TSH) can be accompanied by thyroid autoimmunity testing (anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies; anti-TPO) to predict increased risk of postpartum thyroiditis. Aims: The aim is to model the cost-effectiveness, budgetary impact and impact on routine practice of the introduction of universal TSH screening (versus the current state of things) and an addition of the universal anti-TPO screening (versus TSH screening alone). Method: The cost-benefit ratio, budget impact, and impact on routine practice were modelled using a decision tree for implementation of the TSH test and a nested decision tree for the addition of the...
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Caffeine use in patients with eating disorders
Hofmannová, Zuzana ; Dostálová, Veronika (advisor) ; Minařík, Petr (referee)
Background: Caffeine is a commonly used stimulant that is not dangerous in normal doses in healthy individuals. Patients with eating disorders tend to overuse caffeine and excessive intake may increase the risk of both somatic and mental health complications. Aims: The main aim of this thesis was to provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the sources and effects of caffeine and to analyse specific aspects of caffeine use in the psychiatric population with eating disorders. The thesis focuses primarily on the motivation for use in different eating disorders and the impact on physical and mental health. The second aim was to discuss the possible clinical relevance of the topic and to propose a specific tool for health professionals to screen for caffeine use and the implications of this issue in the treatment of this specific group Methods: The thesis is theoretical in the form of a search of the current state of literature and research from academic sources. Based on the information obtained, a questionnaire was designed to assess caffeine consumption and reasons for its use in patients with eating disorders. Results: An analysis of the literature shows that psychiatric patients often abuse caffeine products, and for those with eating disorders, the main reason for use is to suppress...
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Pulse Check in Pharmacies VI
Bayer, Tomáš ; Rejmanová, Anna (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Tereza (referee)
Pulse Check in Pharmacies VI Author: Tomáš Bayer Supervisor: PharmDr. Anna Rejmanová, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common heart diseases and one of the most common arrhytmias. AF is up to 40 % asymptomatic. Pharmacists are in contact with many patients every day, as a result, can play a role in detecting many diseases, including AF. The screening of AF in pharmacies is now recognized as one of the established strategies for opportunistic screening of AF. Aim: The aim of this study was to demonstarte the possibility of pharmacist involvement in AF screening to potentially detect AF and other heart conditions. A sub-objective of the project was to increase awareness of AF among the general public. Methods: The measurements took place in a community pharmacy located within a health center for several weeks between July 17, 2023 and August 25, 2023 and during two weeks in March 2024. Patients were included in the study according to the entry criteria, which were age over 55 years and no chronic anticoagulant treatment. Patients were offered measurements. If they agreed, a short questionnaire regarding their health status,...
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The impact of unlawfull acts on security procedures in the operation of international civil aviation with regard to their impact to the segment of the general aviation
Smékal, David ; Kružlicová, Alžběta (referee) ; Chlebek, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is devoted to the consequences, which were introduced as a result of unlawfull acts committed in civil aviation mainly up to and including September 11, 2001. The main source of the information is a number of European regulations and their practical implementation, which was described by Security and Safety manager of Brno-Turany airport, Ing. Radomir Janik. At the beginning, the work describes history of unlawfull acts committed in civil aviation and freely moves on to the consequences themselves, first on their theoretical level in the form of conventions and regulations, and then on their practical implementation at airports. The last part of this work deals with the practical examination of the procedures at airports and their comparison between segment of general aviation and segment of commercial civil aviation.
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Sarcopenia screening at hospitalized patients on standard hospital ward
VÁCLAVÍKOVÁ, Monika
This thesis aims to map nurses' knowledge of sarcopenia and describe the current utilization of screening tools for its identification in practice. Two research questions were formulated: "What knowledge do nurses possess regarding sarcopenia?" and "What screening methods do nurses employ?" Furthermore, two hypotheses were formulated: H1: Nurses' knowledge in the field of sarcopenia varies depending on the department they work in. H2: Nurses' knowledge in the field of sarcopenia varies depending on the length of their practice. Additional hypotheses were formulated during the data analysis, allowing for a better understanding of the research issue. The empirical part of the thesis combined a mixed research strategy using semi- structured interviews and non-standardized questionnaires. Five nurses and one physician participated in the qualitative survey, while 179 nurses from various departments were involved in the quantitative research. The results showed insufficient knowledge of nurses about sarcopenia, which was confirmed in both qualitative and quantitative surveys. Minimal utilization of sarcopenia assessment tools in practice was also identified. Statistical analysis confirmed relationships between nurses' knowledge and their attitudes toward assessment tools, as well as between length of practice and preference for clinical observation over assessment tools. Age of respondents was found to correlate with reactions to assessment tool results. Representation of assessment tools used was consistent across all departments. The research survey results revealed weaknesses in nurses' knowledge and insufficient utilization of sarcopenia screening methods in practice. Based on the research findings, it is evident that improving nurses' knowledge in the field of sarcopenia, especially in departments with a high prevalence of patients suffering from this condition, is necessary. It is also important to train healthcare professionals and ensure that screening methods are actively implemented in practice.
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Production of extracellular polysaccharides by extremophilic prokaryotes
Bystrická, Klaudia ; Smilek, Jiří (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
Predložená diplomová práca sa zaoberá štúdiom biotechnologickej produkcie extracelulárnych polysacharidov (EPS) vybraných termofilných a halofilných mikroorganizmov. Po primárnom screeningu vybraných kultúr bola experimentálna časť tejto práce ďalej venovaná halofilnému archea Haloferax mediterranei. Cieľom tejto práce bola produkcia a charakterizácia polymérov a posúdenie biotechnologického potenciálu použitých extremofilných kultúr ako producentov EPS. Počas kultivácie H. mediterranei boli použité 3 základné média, ktoré boli následne optimalizované v prospech produkcie EPS. Získané precipitáty boli podrobené analýze pomocou GPC, FTIR a UHPLC-UV-ESI-MS/MS, na základe čoho bolo možné bližšie charakterizovať získaný produkt. Tieto experimenty dokázali, že so stúpajúcou koncentráciou NaCl v médiu, klesá výťažok polysacharidov a ich produkciu nepodporujú ani vysoké koncentrácie MgSO4 a KCl v médiu. Hlavnou komponentou polysacharidov vyprodukovaných H. mediterranei, je manóza, no v závislosti od použitého média môže obsahovať aj glukózu, galaktózu, ribózu alebo N-acetylglukosamin.
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Design of vibrating waste sorter
Taska, Abraham ; Tůma, Zdeněk (referee) ; Synek, Miloš (advisor)
The master thesis deals with a construction proposal for a vibrating sorter of cartridges. The thesis contains the theoretical part characterizing various sorter types of cartridges and describes the principle of sorting with the help of the vibrating sorters. The practical part includes a draft of a drive, calculation of a vibrating sorter, a proposal of compression springs bearing vibration frame and a control calculation of these springs. A complete vibrating sorter of the cartridges is created in a 3D modeling program. The thesis is attached by the drawings of the individual assemblies, subassemblies and individual parts.
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Production and characterization of biosurfactants
Kratochvílová, Olga ; Samek, Ota (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the microbial production of biosurfactants of selected bacterial strains. In order to test the biosurfactant production ability, screening methods were chosen to be able to review the potential of the selected strains to produce biosurfactants. With the scope of the work, 11 bacterial strains, which are used as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producers, have been tested. The ability to produce biosurfactants was tested in all strains both in complex inoculation and mineral production media. The presence of biosurfactants in Pseudomonas putida was detected on the basis of the results obtained after cultivation in inoculation and production media. The bacteria Pseudomonas fulva was put under more deep study to support their production by cultivation in different types of production media supplemented by different sources of carbon and nitrogen, and the effect of cultivation time was tested as well. Biosurfactants produced by these bacteria were subsequently identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) on the basis of which the substances were identified as rhamnolipids. According to thin-layer chromatography result (TLC), Pseudomonas putida produces a mixture of mono- and dirhamnolipids, with monorhamnolipids being more dominant in our samples.
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Optimization of Cooling Synchronous Machine
Makki, Zbyněk ; Rafajdus,, Pavol (referee) ; Kačor,, Pavol (referee) ; Janda, Marcel (advisor)
The main goal of doctoral thesis is optimization cooling of the synchronous machine. Problem is solved based on the finite element method with use of ANSYS software. Work is built up from theoretical part where is comparison of base equations for heat transfer and simulations for several models. Next part shows us two methods how simulate free and force convection. Depends on the better method from the previous two methods is used for next calculations with several algorithm which are used for find of best parameters for synchronous machine. Our control parameter is mass flow rate.
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