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The most common joint and muscle injuries of the lower limbs and regeneration in floorball
Antalová, Markéta ; Běhanová, Michaela (advisor) ; Dragounová, Zuzana (referee)
Titule: The most common joint and muscle injuries of the lower limbs and regeneration in floorball Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out what are the most common joint and muscle injuries in floorball, under what conditions they arise. Summarize all available regenerative methods and means that are used in the sport and to briefly characterize them. Another aim of the thesis is to determine whether appropriately chosen and regular regeneration reduces the risk of injury. Methods: The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the most common joint injuries, muscle injuries, regenerative means and whether their regular and appropriate use can prevent injuries. This topic will be focused on the category of women and men in the highest floorball competitions in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part of the work is described floorball in terms of load and impact on athletes, the most common joint injuries of the lower limbs, the most common muscle injuries of the lower limbs, a summary of all available regenerative methods and means that can be used in sport. The practical part includes a quantitative research method, which is mediated by a questionnaire survey completed by players from selected extra-league and...
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The use of regenerative procedures in ice hockey players
Pokorný, Jiří ; Majorová, Simona (advisor) ; Šťastný, Petr (referee)
Title: The use of regenerative procedures in ice hockey players Goals: My main aim in this thesis was to identify which recovery procedures are most frequently used among ice hockey players and to determine the frequency of their use. I focused on examining the impact of these procedures on individual players. My intention was not only to determine the popularity and regularity of the use of specific recovery methods, but also to understand how these treatments affect players' psychological well-being, performance and ability to cope with stressful situations during competitive matches. Methods: To obtain data, I created an anonymous non-standardized online questionnaire in Czech language, which was designed specifically for ice hockey players over 18 years of age. The questionnaire was designed to allow players to share their experiences with different aspects of their training and recovery regimen. A total of 70 ice hockey players representing different ice hockey leagues and competition levels participated in the research. This diversity of participants allowed a wide range of data to be collected and provided a comprehensive view of the recovery practices and preferences of hockey players across different competitions. Results: Using a survey, it was found that ice hockey players prefer ice...
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Incidence of injuries and their prevention in women's and men's futsal in the Czech Republic
Kabourková, Denisa ; Pravečková, Petra (advisor) ; Kočíb, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Incidence and Prevention of Injuries in Men's and Women's Futsal in the Czech Republic. Objectives: The aim of this study was to map the frequency of injuries among players in the First Futsal League for both men and women in the Czech Republic. To identify the most common types of injuries in this sport, the situations in which injuries occur, the length of recovery periods, and how players try to prevent these injuries. Methods: For the research, a non-standardized questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions was created on survio.com. The questionnaire was sent electronically to 12 clubs in the First Futsal League for men and women. A total of 121 questionnaires were completed. Data processing was aquired by using Microsoft Excel. Results: The results showed that for both genders, the lower extremities were the most injured body parts (men 63.2%, women 71.4%). The ankle joint was the most frequently injured (40.7% men, 38.8% women), followed by thigh muscle injuries in men (37.0%) and bruises in women (31.3%). Thigh injuries were the third most common for women (26.9%). The most common cause of injury among respondents was an unintended fall caused by an opponent or due to failure of movement control (men 41.7%, women 43.6%). The duration of treatment was also similar for both...
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Enhancing axon regeneration and neuroplasticity after spinal cord injury: Bridging the gap between development and disease
Štěpánková, Kateřina ; Machová Urdzíková, Lucia (advisor) ; Balaštík, Martin (referee) ; Rokyta, Richard (referee)
Enhancing axon regeneration and neuroplasticity after spinal cord injury: Bridging the gap between development and disease ABSTRACT The precise wiring of the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is determined during axon growth, guidance and neuroplasticity during and shortly after development. This intricate system is unable to regenerate when the adult spinal cord is injured. It's not well understood how to translate what is known about developmental processes into therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI). Therefore, effective therapies are difficult to find. This thesis aims to fill an important gap in our understanding of how developmental strategies for axonal growth and plasticity are exploited in SCI regeneration. In particular, we will contrast two approaches: (i) reducing the inhibitory environment that forms around the lesion, and (ii) exploiting the inhibitory environment for regeneration by forcing the overexpression of an appropriate integrin isoform in sensory neurons and allowing axons to grow on this environment. In this thesis, Aim 1, we used 4- methylumbelliferone (4-MU) to reduce the inhibitory environment formed around the lesion. The first step was to assess the potential adverse effects of long-term treatment. Using immunohistochemistry, proteomics, biomechanics, qPCR,...
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Using regeneration procedurs in football by young and elite players
Pavlů, Adam ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Majorová, Simona (referee)
Author: Adam Pavlů Title: Using regeneration procedures in football by young and elite players Objectives: The main objective of this bachelor's thesis is to find out the use of individual regeneration procedures in active players in the adolescent and male categories. Next, find out how individual regeneration procedures affect the psychological and physical side of each player, how it makes them feel and how it affects their sports performance. Methods: The thesis is processed in the form of a systematic research. Domestic and foreign literary resources and scholarly foreign articles were used to process the theoretical part. I obtained the material basis for the processing of the practical part through the questionnairy survey. Results: The final use of regeneration procedures within this club is not very favourable. Less than three quarters of players (68,2 %) do not have the option of using any regeneration procedure. In terms of individual regeneration, exactly half of the players (50 %) do not use sports massage for recovery. The same statistics were shown for sauna regeneration. More than half of the players (54,5 %) also do not use whirlpool baths, hardening or other regeneration procedures. Conversely, most players had abundant representation of regeneration through movement. Most players...
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The effect of cold exposure on regeneration in skeletal muscle
Novotná, Veronika ; Kašík, Petr (advisor) ; Vašek, Daniel (referee)
Cold is a stressful stimulus to which the body responds with an extensive physiological response, making it important to understand its complex effects. Skeletal muscle is an important thermoregulatory organ and helps maintain a constant body temperature by both shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis. At the same time, it has a considerable regenerative capacity that is modulated by the inflammatory immune response. This paper summarizes the effects of cold on skeletal muscle regeneration and the inflammatory response that is triggered after intense exercise or skeletal muscle injury. The inflammatory response is essential for the successful completion of skeletal muscle regeneration, and if it is impaired, it can have a negative effect on muscle tissue recovery. The balance between the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phases of the immune response, which is determined by the presence of specific immune cell populations and cytokine release, is crucial. Cold exposure is generally accepted as an effective strategy to improve skeletal muscle regeneration, but the molecular basis of this effect is not fully understood, and thus the observation of the effect of cold on skeletal muscle regeneration is still a actual topic. Keywords: cold exposure, inflammation, skeletal muscle, regeneration,...
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Steam turbine for biomass power plant
Urbánek, Roman ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The master's thesis deals with the design of a condensing steam turbine for a biomass power plant with off-takes for heating heaters with a temperature drop of 60/80 °C in summer and 70/125 °C in winter, and off-takes for low-pressure regeneration. The nominal thermal output of the heat exchangers is 0-10 MWt in summer and 0-50 MWt in winter. The thesis includes a detailed design of the flow parts of the steam turbine, from the design of the control stage, the staged part of the turbine, and the strength verification of individual stages to the design of the balancing piston, sealing system, and bearing design. In conclusion, the operational characteristics of the proposed steam turbine are depicted.
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CO2 capture in a spray column using different atomization techniques
Klíma, Petr ; Bělka, Miloslav (referee) ; Malý, Milan (advisor)
Carbon dioxide capture (CO2) can be a key step in the fight against global climate change. One of the promising tehcnologies for CO2 capture is the spray column. This diploma thesis investigated its potential through a review of available literature and laboratory experiments. Specifically, the work included an overview of absorbents and nozzles. Furthermore, research was conducted on the geometric and operational parameters of spray columns and other similar devices used for CO2 absorption and desorption. These findings led to the construction of a spray column and the execution of experiments. The effect of the type of nozzle used, as well as the effect of CO2 concentration in the supplied gas, the effect of atomization pressure and the effect of temperature on the absorption efficiency in the spray column were investigated. Regeneration experiments were also carried out in a spray column and then on a smaller scale in a steel cylindrical vessel.
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Analysis of already revitalized brownfield in the Czech Republic
Pilčíková, Adéla ; Landa, Karel (referee) ; Pavlovský, Tomáš (advisor)
The subject of the bachelor's thesis is "Analysis of a Revitalized Brownfield in the Czech Republic." The thesis is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part, focuses on introducing the concept of brownfields, their history, the perspective on revitalization in the Czech Republic and neighboring countries, and an analysis of their frequency within the republic. In the second, practical part, specific analyses of a selected brownfield from various perspectives are conducted — urbanistic, ecological, economic, and sociological. Furthermore, suitable uses and future development of the site are outlined, considering current trends in sustainability, smart and developing cities, as well as potential infill or structural modifications.
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Regenerace smyslových orgánů u raků
KOR, Golara
The antennae are a crucial sensory organ in crayfish that plays vital roles in their survival, communication, and orientation within their environment. They are equipped with sensory hairs that enable crayfish to detect various stimuli. Crayfish possess the unique ability to regenerate their antennae. Hemocytes are specialized cells within crayfish and play a crucial role in their immune system and contribute to the process of regeneration. We applied cryo-scanning and Transmission electron microscopies to study sensory organ morphology and regeneration in crayfish. In Chapter 2, cryo-scanning electron microscopy was used to identify potential differences in antennal morphology in six different crayfish species including marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis, Mexican dwarf crayfish Cambarellus patzcuarensis, red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus, common yabby Cherax destructor, and spiny-cheek crayfish Faxonius limosus. We observed significant differences among the six crayfish species in the ratios of antenna length, segment length and width to carapace length, and the number of segments. Examination of ultrastructural features unveiled differences in the distribution patterns of sensory hairs along the antenna and the morphology of the antennal surface. The varying morphology of antennae among studied species possibly indicates an adaptation to the specific conditions of their respective habitats. Furthermore, the outcomes demonstrated that a combination of variations in both antennal morphological characteristics and biometric measurements could effectively help us to distinguish the different studied crayfish species. In Chapter 3, the ultrastructural behaviour of hemocytes during coagulation and phagocytosis in the initial phases of injury in marbled crayfish was explored using transmission electron microscopy. During the coagulation process, hemocytes experienced marked transformations in morphology. The cytoplasmic granules exhibited a change from electron-dense to electron-lucent forms with the progress of coagulation. The transformed granules containing amorphous, electron-lucent material were observed to combine and release their contents into the extracellular space as part of the coagulation process. Additionally, it was observed that the nucleus contents also play a role in the coagulation process. Furthermore, the amputation of the leg led to substantial muscle degeneration, and phagocytic hemocytes start to take up the necrotic tissues. Besides, we observed the digested remains from phagocytized necrotic tissues merged into granules and other cellular components, thereby enhancing the granularity of the hemocytes and altering their cellular morphology. However, it is essential to note that hemocyte degranulation during coagulation could potentially reduce their granularity. Since morphological features are critical for classifying hemocytes, these morphological changes during coagulation and phagocytosis must be considered significant factors. The degenerated material that stored inside phagocytic hemocytes may have application in immunological and regeneration processes. In Chapter 4, we employed transmission electron microscopy to explore the ultrastructural aspects of potential immune cell involvement in nerve regeneration within crayfish antennae post-amputation. The findings indicated that, during nerve regeneration, all three forms of hemocytes were present. However, the granules within semi-granulocytes and granulocytes mainly contributed to the generation of new organelles such as mitochondria, the Golgi apparatus, and nerve fibers in the regenerated nerves of crayfish antennae. We revealed the transformation of granules of hemocytes into diverse organelles during the process of nerve regeneration at the ultrastructural level. In conclusion, these granules function as compact repositories of adaptable materials carried by immune cells, capable of transformatio
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