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Education of mothers in the care of a child with cerebral palsy
KURÁŽOVÁ, Natálie
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of cerebral palsy and education of mothers in the care of children with this disease. The thesis focuses on the perception of the child's needs from the perspective of mothers and nurses, as well as the educational process that is carried out between the mother of a child with CP and the nurse who educates. The aim of the thesis was to find out how mothers and nurses perceive the needs of children with cerebral palsy and how the mother's education process takes place in the care of this specific child patient. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part describes the disease of cerebral palsy including definition, causes, diagnosis, forms, classification and treatment. Next, the ideal education by the nurse and the needs of the child are described. The practical part includes results obtained through semi-structured interviews with nurses and mothers of children with CP, recorded with a dictaphone on a mobile device and then transcribed for later analysis and categorization. Six categories were identified through categorisation: child's needs from the nurse's perspective, maternal education, communication of diagnosis, child's needs from the mother's perspective, education by the nurse and support for families of children with CP. The categories were then converted into diagrams. A total of six mothers of children with CP and six nurses who had already met children with CP participated in the research process. The results of the research revealed that the mothers' and nurses' perspectives on sufficient education differed. Mothers want individually tailored education even in post-hospitalization care, while nurses consider it sufficient to provide information related only to the current problem with which the child is hospitalized. Therefore, this work is an excellent basis to complement the studies of future paediatric nurses. The work serves to prevent negative experiences of mothers during the period of hospitalization with their child caused by ineffective and lack of education.
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Possibilities of hippotherapy in spasticity therapy in children with cerebral palsy
VOLŠINSKÁ, Monika
This bachelor's thesis discusses the possibilities of hiporehabilitation of spastic paresis of lower limbs in children with cerebral palsy. In clinical practice, they are used for therapy concepts on a neurophysiological basis. The main methods are Vojtova reflexive therapy and the Bobath concept, which are irreplaceable for the rehabilitation treatment of DMO. In this work I focus on complementary therapy in the form of hiporehabilitation. This method uses repetitive, rhythmic and regular stimuli for the central nervous system. Summation stimuli subsequently plasticity of the brain and helps for greater effectiveness of the treatment. The theoretical part is focused on the issue of cerebral palsy. Introducing definition, causes and symptoms including central nervous system involvement system, which is manifested by increased muscle tension. Thesis therefore also describes origin and manifestations of spasticity and the scale that evaluates spasticity. Spasticity can be controlled by hiporehabilitation, which I introduce in detail in the theoretical part of my work. Methodical part describes the data collection procedures that are used for research. The practical part proceeds in the form of qualitative research of a case study in which two probands participated and were diagnosed with a spastic form of cerebral palsy. An input and output kinesiology analysis was performed for individual probands, which includes anamnesis, physical examination of aspects and palpation, goniometry, walking tests-TUG, 2MWT and 10MWT. The modified Ashworth scale was used to evaluate the spread of spasticity. The entire research took place during a one-week hiporehabilitation stay. The results of therapy were used to compare input and output kinesiology analysis, which shows a positive trends in the effect of the therapy. Both probands showed a slight improvement in stability and posture, walking speed and regularity. Positive influence on spasticity was reflected by a change in pelvic position and a slight increase in the range of motion of the lower limbs. Hiporehabilitation alleviated the symptoms of muscle hyperactivity and therefore represents an opportunity to extend physiotherapy in children with cerebral palsy.
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The Role of Video Games in Health Care and Medical Training
Gálíková, Markéta ; Langerová, Petra (referee) ; Šedrlová, Magdalena (advisor)
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá možným využitím počítačových her a technologiemi s nimi spojených v rámci medicínského vzdělávání a zdravotní péči. Veřejnost často vnímá videohry jako ztrátu času, nebo je využívají pouze pro zábavu. Cílem této práce je proto prokázat jejich využitelnost a pozitivní vliv na již zmínění medicínský vzdělání a zdravotní péči. První část práce pojednává o vlivu her na vzdělávání studentů medicíny, lékařů i pacientů a zároveň jej kriticky analyzuje. Druhá část je zaměřena na využití her ve zdravotní péči, jako je například terapie dětí s autismem nebo dětskou mozkovou obrnou, dále jako možnost redukování bolesti, či způsob objevování nových biochemických látek a struktur. Záměrem práce je zabývat se nejen počítačovými hrami, ale také s nimi spojenými technologiemi jako je virtuální a rozšířená realita, které ještě násobí zkušenosti získané v medicínském vzdělání.
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Barriers and facilitators of sport activities in adults with congenital physical disabilities: A Systematic Review
Šašek, Vít ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Vařeková, Jitka (referee)
Title: Barriers and facilitators of sport activities in adults with congenital physical disabilities: A Systematic Review Background: Globally, there are over a billion individuals with disabilities in the world. Those individuals may have one or more physical attributes affected by their condition, restricting their access to sports, fitness activities, and physical tasks related to work or household activities. The lack of exercise poses a significant public health concern and may hinder undisputed benefits for physical and psychological of individual well-being. Objectives: The main objective of this thesis was to systematically review available research sources on sport and physical activity participation among adults with congenital disabilities and to identify the barriers and facilitators for such individuals to participate in physical activities and para sport. Methods: Four databases - Medline, PubMed, ERIC and Sportsdiscus were searched using terms: exercise; para sport, training, physical activity, continuous exercise, and the range of congenital disabilities. We employed a blend of MeSH terms specific to the database, free-form text, wildcard characters (employing '*' to truncate words), and Boolean operators ('AND', 'OR'). Only papers published from 2003 were included and the search...
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Vzdělávání žáků se speciálními vzdělávacími potřebami na středních školách se zaměřením na tělesná postižení
Plaček, Jiří
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of education of pupils with special educa-tional needs in secondary schools. From this broad issue, this process will first be briefly characterized with regard to trends of integration (inclusion). Furthermo-re, I will focus on the education of pupils diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The aim of the theoretical part of the thesis will be to describe the problems in basic features integration (inclusion) of individuals in secondary schools. The aim of the practical part will be to find out, based on data obtained from two case studies (case reports), how the education of pupils with cerebral palsy is implemented and their educational opportunities in secondary schools.
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Executive function in cerebral palsy and their implications for physiotherapy
Horníková, Dominika ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Vlček, Přemysl (referee)
Aim: The aim of this theoretical work is to gain an understanding of physiotherapy interventions that are effective on the executive function of children with cerebral palsy. Methodology: In a narrative review, we searched internet databases according to appropriate keywords to find studies dealing with our topic. Subsequently, the discovered studies had to meet our predefined inclusion criteria. We used MICROSOFT WORD and MICROSOFT EXCEL for this procedure. Results: Our findings are based on ten included studies consisting of three randomized controlled trials, three cross-sectional studies and four study protocols of randomized controlled trials. Some studies showed us a significant effect (p<0.05) of physiotherapy on executive function in children with cerebral palsy, where yoga, ballet modified for this diagnosis or intensive exercise were used in the intervention. In addition to their effectiveness on the executive functions we examined, these therapies also demonstrated an effect on improvement in reaching predetermined goals or walking. Conclusion: The effect of physiotherapy on executive function in children with cerebral palsy may seem like an undiscovered topic, but some of the studies we found used interventions that are effective on this investigated area. Keywords: children, cerebral...
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Effectiveness of antispastic electrical stimulation in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy
Kurelová, Martina ; Demeková, Júlia (advisor) ; Havrda, Prokop (referee)
This thesis is focused on the issue of electrotherapy with an antispastic effect. Specifically, it deals with Hufschmidt currents and their effectiveness in reducing spasticity of the triceps surae muscle in patients with the spastic form of cerebral palsy (CP). The overview of theoretical findings includes information on cerebral palsy and spasticity, findings from new research on their frequency, diagnosis and treatment. In the last chapter of the theoretical part, findings on electrotherapy with antispastic effects in the Czech Republic and abroad are presented. In the practical part, a series of case studies of patients in whom the effect of Hufschmidt currents was examined is presented. The work was attended by 9 pediatric patients with a diagnosis of spastic CP, to whom Hufschmidt currents were applied a total of 6 times. The effectiveness of this type of currents is determined by performing a 10-meter walking test, Timed Up and Go test and examination of spasticity in 5 steps according to Gracies, and then comparing the numbers before and after the electrotherapy series. The result of this work was the confirmation of the positive effect of antispastic currents according to Hufschmidt on the reduction of muscle spasticity in 7 patients, on the acceleration of walking in the 10-meter walking...
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Determining the Quality of Social and Work Involvement of Individuals with Cerebral Palsy in the Majority Society
KALKUŠOVÁ, Barbora
The main aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out how individuals with cerebral palsy manage to cope in the work or relationship field. In order to achieve the main goal, it was necessary to set secondary goals as well. That is, to determine if individuals with cerebral palsy encounter prejudice in the workplace, both from their employer and co-workers. Another secondary objective was to find out what social impact cerebral palsy has on the everyday life of these individuals. The last secondary objective was to find out the differences in obtaining employment opportunities for these persons, in relation to high school or university education. To carry out the practical part of the thesis, a qualitative research strategy, a questionnaire method and a semi-structured interview technique were chosen. The research has shown that people with cerebral palsy manage to cope relatively well in both the work and relational spheres; however, the path to fulfilling these needs is often more challenging, more lengthy, and full of obstacles that the majority society does not face. It has been shown that in the relational area, especially adolescents, unlike healthy individuals, have to forgive or wait for a longer period of time, which often leads to frustration and sometimes even deprivation. At work, individuals with cerebral palsy often face prejudice from colleagues and superiors, especially in the first few months of starting a new job. Their colleagues often do not initially understand the specific needs of people with cerebral palsy. However, it has been shown that this situation usually improves with time. Thus, the objectives of the work were met, and the work also opened up new topics. Thus, it offers an unconventional range of topics that are often neglected, passed over, or rather a social taboo for the majority society.
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Possibilities of physiotherapy in the treatment of spastic form of cerebral palsy
PORUBSKÁ, Ivana
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of spastic paresis in the context of cerebral palsy. It consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part of the thesis is structured into several chapters, which are devoted to the topics of cerebral palsy, spasticity and the possibilities of physiotherapy in the treatment of spastic paresis. The practical part is consist of qualitative research, which includes case studies of 2 pediatric patients with spastic form of cerebral palsy. In the conclusion of the thesis the results of the research and the effect of the chosen therapy are analyzed.
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