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The Cross in Changing of Times and its Significance in Ancient Society
Roule, Radek ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Weis, Martin (referee) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
The Cross in Changing of Times and its Significance in Ancient Society The cross is the most widespread symbol appearing worldwide right from the prehistoric times. Though being formed of a very simple shape of two intersecting lines the significance is far reaching. This dissertation looks at the cross both as a sign pointing beyond itself and concentrates on the diversity of its visual appearance. It tries to trace back the possible factors preceding Antiquity influencing the formation of the actual shape in that particular period of history. Although for most part the cross is understood in its connection with the Crucifixion of Christ its history is far more complex beginning in pre-Christian era. The biblical texts present more or less mere allusions of the cross itself. Seen typologically the cross may be understood as the element connecting both Old and New Testament creating a sort of a bridge between them. The careful analysis of the Early Christian documents brings several terms used for the same reality. The most significant are - σταυρός with the Latin equivalent crux and ξύλου (wood) with the Latin equivalent lignum. Later on these give a way to a more general term of σημεῖον (sign) and finally to a symbolic expression "σύμβολον σωτηρίας" (sign-symbol of salvation). The early Christian writers...
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The status and role of women in early christian communities as a paradigm for today
Kožená, Eva ; Lukeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Bravená, Noemi (referee)
1 Abstract This thesis analyses the status and role of women in early Christian communities through the prism of Old Testament, New Testament texts, ancient novels, and apocryphal acts. The thesis uses comparative literary analysis to examine how women were portrayed in religious texts and what roles were assigned to them in the context of the social, religious, and political structures of the time. The aim of the thesis is to reveal how religious texts influenced the perception of women and what impact these stories, literary genres, and characters had on the actual position of women in society. The research highlights the differences between the portrayal of women in the Gospels and the apocryphal texts, emphasizing the polyvalence of the texts and the different interpretations of female characters in different cultural and historical contexts. The findings show that although women were often portrayed in subordinate or passive roles, there are significant examples where women took on active and leadership roles, suggesting more complex social dynamics than traditionally presented. The thesis also highlights the importance of intertextuality and lite-rational techniques in understanding historical texts. This work contributes to a better understanding of the social and religious aspects of early...
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Jewellery as an art object.
MAKOVCOVÁ, Monika
This bachelor's thesis deals with a topic from the field of jewelry, which constitutes an integral aspect of human cultural history. The theoretical part of the work discusses jewelry, its functions and types, and also maps the development of jewelry in the period of ancient cultures. The practical part documents the process of crafting original porcelain jewelry, drawing loose inspiration from organic motifs and the cultural heritage of ancient Egypt.
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The Problems of the Soul in the Context of Christianity
KUČERA, Jaroslav
The thesis deals with the emergence of the concept of soul and its anchoring in Christianity. In this context, the theisis indicates the importance of the posthumous surviving element, that is crucial in eschatological expectations. It answers the question of whether the "soul" is a church mechanism to ensure the obedience of believers, as profane society often believes. By describing the eschatological concepts of two Christian wholes, one of which treats the soul differently, the thesis reveals consequences that culminate in a very peculiar interpretation of Scripture. Finally, the thesis shows the "soul" as a theologically necessary category to ensure a cohesive Christian system in the light of biblical statements.
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Solanič, Dmitrij ; Maršálek, Jakub (advisor) ; Zádrapa, Lukáš (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's work is to describe the origins of proto-stoneware in the chinese bronze age. This work includes a summary of past approachestaken concerning proto-stoneware and puts forward a proposition for unification of current terminology. Following an introduction to proto-stoneware as a medium used in production of pottery and an introduction to the localities where such pottery has been unearthed, a detailed description of such pottery is provided. In pursuit of this course there is a an emphasis constantly being put onthe broadercultural context and on inspiration being drawn from forms used when working with some other materials.In the conclusion to this work, with respect to the previous analyses and findings, the author offers his standpointconcerning origins of northern proto-stoneware, that being a question that stands out in every attempt in researching this material. Key words: proto-stoneware, protoporcelain, chinese bronze age, Erligang, Zhengzhou, Panlongcheng, Wucheng, Xin'gan
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