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Figures and Traces of Memory. Changes in Dynamics of Cultural Memory in Relation to Visual Culture
Průchová, Andrea ; Dvořák, Tomáš (advisor) ; Činátl, Kamil (referee) ; Reifová, Irena (referee)
Thesis Abstract The thesis deals with the visual content of the media of official memory, in particular the visual material of history textbooks and the exhibition of the National Museum. It examines the formal and content features of the representation of four key events of modern Czechoslovak and Czech history which entered the awareness of the general public as "eight" events: the founding of Czechoslovakia (1918), the signing of the Munich Agreement (1938), the communist coup (1948) and the invasion of the Warsaw Pact armies (1968). Moreover, it relates the modes of representation of these events to the issue of the political transition of 1989. By means of mixed methods research, it examines a sample of textbooks published during the communist era (1967, 1973, 1982, 1983, 1983), the post-communist era (1995, 1996, 1999, 1999, 2000, 2009, 2011) and the exhibits from the permanent exhibition Crossroads of Czech and Czechoslovak Statehood (opened in 2009). In its findings, the thesis presents 34 visual memory figures related to the representation of the selected historical events. It points out the circulation of these images between the medium of the textbook and the historical exposition, thus following the dynamic concept of memory discussed in the theoretical part of the thesis. It finds both...
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Forgetting traditional agricultural knowledge in modernization. Interdisciplinry historical reconstruction of Czech agroforestry
Krčmářová, Jana ; Bittnerová, Dana (advisor) ; Horský, Jan (referee) ; Beneš, Jaromír (referee)
Krčmářová Jana 2015 Title: Forgetting traditional agricultural knowledge in modernization. Interdisciplinry historical reconstruction of Czech agroforestry. Abstract: Corresponding with the tradition of current ecological and historical anthropology the study concentrated on reconstruction of transformation of one of the key complex human ecological relationships - modernization of agriculture. The roots of the changes are placed into 17th century Britain yet during the last centuries they spread over the globe and in some cases are still spreading. The process of agriculture modernization was enlightened with analysis of its local progression in the Czech Republic and in the light of mechanisms of cultural memory.. The establishment of modern industrial agriculture was described as forgetting of contemporary used agricultural knowledge during the application of new ideal agriculture form on the contemporary agricultural ecosystem. The new form was derived from the principles of modern economy, sciences and the availability of new technologies and was pushed forward by expert and economic elites and state. The form was applied on the biocultural system-landscape cultivated in majority of cases by thousand years present locals. The dialectical relationship between the new form, its application and the...
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The term of Palimpsest and Intertextuality in the Antropological-ethnological analysis of urban space
Ondrák, Vít ; Marcelli, Miroslav (advisor) ; Švantner, Martin (referee)
The thesis called The term of Palimpsest and Intertextuality in the Antropological- ethnological analysis of urban space focuses on examination of urban space from the point of view of the metaphorical conception of the term text, intertext and palimpsest. By extending the meaning of the term text from the original concept in literary science to broader layers of reality, it is possible to apply it to urban space, and then read it as an urban text. Due to the fact that the urban environment consists of many layers, it becomes an interesting solution for its complex grasp to use the term palimpsest and intertext. The first theoretical part aims to explain these concepts. The second theoretical part deals with anthropological and ethnological approaches to urban space, while the perspective of the individual who walks through the city and lets it affect becomes essential for this walker. The content of the third, applied part is then the specific space of the Nuselské údolí (Nusle valley) and its immediate surroundings, within which the individual becomes a player in the game between space and his perception. The individual layers of the environment are examined from the perspective of concepts and anthropological-ethnological approaches, which, however, do not provide a complete and exhaustive...
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Changes in the Portrayal of the Velvet Revolution within the Czech Cinemathography
Peřinová, Eliška ; Spalová, Barbora (advisor) ; Moskvina, Yuliya (referee)
My thesis is focused on exploration of the portrayal of the Velvet Revolution within Czech Cinematography. I am examining this problematic through the theory of the collective memory. In particular I am using a methodological concept developed by Irena Řehořová in her study Cultural Memory and Film: How the Image of Post-War Displacement in Czech Film Has Changed. I have chosen three films - each representing one period of time and by conducting a qualitative content analysis I am trying to identify the key means of expression that are used to represent the concept of the Velvet Revolution during each of those particular periods of time and what overall image of the Velvet Revolution creators of the movies are trying to show to their viewers. At the same time, I am focusing on the reaction of professional critics and regular viewers to check how the Czech public reacts to the representations of the Velvet revolution shown in the films. My thesis is divided into four parts. The first, Theoretical Chapter is based on the theory of the collective memory with a focus on the Czech specifics and non-documentary movie as medium of collective memory. Following is a description of the historical context of the Velvet Revolution and its today's position in the Czech public discourse. Then there is the...
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Performance Art as a Border Form of Artistic Expression
Vatulíková, Andrea ; Daněk, Josef (referee) ; Havlík, Vladimír (referee) ; Chamonikolasová, Kaliopi (advisor)
While taking into account the field of study of performing arts, I assume that the category called „performing arts“ underwent many reforms in the 20th century, making it almost impossible to set clear boundaries between theatre, dance and performance art. Therefore I deal with their common ground that I call the zero point and that allows me to explore means of expression of human body and also time – space dimension of live action. The zero point is located in the pelvic region of the body and it is the center of stability, balance and life enegry. In my dissertation I focus on the analysis of physical trainings that work with the zero point in theater, dance and performance arts. Primary output of this work is then analysis of physicality as culturally encoded construct and the practical part of disseration is focused on the realisation of the point zero symposium.
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Return of Baťa Lost: Post-socialist Transformation of Czech Cultural Memory
Babička, Martin ; Činátl, Kamil (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
After 1989, Czechoslovakia, or the Czech Republic, undergoes a transformation not only political or economic, but also a broader cultural or semiotic one. Collective remembering processes are entered by multiple agents who compete with, pass, complement or contradict each other. They further differ in the extent of their institutionalization, motivation, or way of representation. Legitimizing role of the past becomes an issue of negotiation, linked to the search for different collective identities and arrival of different ideologies. The case of Baťa can well render this process: at the beginning of the 1990s, Baťa's historical significance is changing; he starts to be used by diverse actors in diverse representations (news articles, memoirs, non-fiction and popularizing books, documentary films, public space) for diverse purposes; at the same time, Baťa is a synecdoche of remembering interwar Czechoslovakia and can thus become an instrument of constructed continuity. Mapping the forms of Baťa's representations in Czech historical culture after 1989 will point to broader changes and consequences of the transformation of Czech collective remembering in its heterogeneity. The paper proceeds primarily from memory studies concepts approaches of contemporary history to the study of post-socialism. Key...
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Figures and Traces of Memory. Changes in Dynamics of Cultural Memory in Relation to Visual Culture
Průchová, Andrea ; Dvořák, Tomáš (advisor) ; Činátl, Kamil (referee) ; Reifová, Irena (referee)
Thesis Abstract The thesis deals with the visual content of the media of official memory, in particular the visual material of history textbooks and the exhibition of the National Museum. It examines the formal and content features of the representation of four key events of modern Czechoslovak and Czech history which entered the awareness of the general public as "eight" events: the founding of Czechoslovakia (1918), the signing of the Munich Agreement (1938), the communist coup (1948) and the invasion of the Warsaw Pact armies (1968). Moreover, it relates the modes of representation of these events to the issue of the political transition of 1989. By means of mixed methods research, it examines a sample of textbooks published during the communist era (1967, 1973, 1982, 1983, 1983), the post-communist era (1995, 1996, 1999, 1999, 2000, 2009, 2011) and the exhibits from the permanent exhibition Crossroads of Czech and Czechoslovak Statehood (opened in 2009). In its findings, the thesis presents 34 visual memory figures related to the representation of the selected historical events. It points out the circulation of these images between the medium of the textbook and the historical exposition, thus following the dynamic concept of memory discussed in the theoretical part of the thesis. It finds both...
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Poetic Spaces of Memory (on Chosen Czech Poets of the Second Half of the 20th Century)
Flanderka, Jakub ; Trávníček, Jiří (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee) ; Málková, Iva (referee)
Poetic Spaces of Memory (on Chosen Czech Poets of the Second Half of the 20th Century) Abstract The dissertation Poetic Spaces of Memory (on Chosen Czech Poets of the Second Half of the 20th Century) offers interpretations of six Czech poetic works of the second half of the 20th century, with focus on the perspective of cultural memory. Chosen poetic works represent synecdoches of poetic description of (general) historical events and experience that are connected with the time during the World War II (the Nazi regime) and with communist regime after 1948 and to some extent are connected with spatial dimension - be it poetic reflection of space which is modelled on a phenomenon from real, "topical" world, be it (completely) imaginary description of space. Methodology of this dissertation is based on the concept of cultural memory by Aleida Assmann, particularly as presented in her book Cultural Memory and Western Civilization. Functions, Media, Archives. Individual chapters of the dissertation deal with interpretations of following poetic works: "Návrat" by Vladimír Holan is a poetic story that develops the topos of coming back - coming back home, to a space that the lyrical narrator enters after twenty years in order to look for his mother's grave in local graveyard; he fails. A verse book Dům Strach by Jan...
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Reprezentation of Master Jan Hus Being Burned in Contemporary Czech Society
Chládková, Kateřina ; Činátl, Kamil (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
The presented bachelor's thesis is concerned with the topic of the portrayal of Jan Hus in the connection with the 600th jubiliee of his death, which was commemorated in year 2015. It is focused primarily on the way particular media perform the story of Jan Hus and on the influence of the nature of the media to the resulting image of Hus. There are three types of media which serves for this thesis as the main source: an exhibition of the Hussite museum in Tábor called Jan Hus 1415/2015, a movie by Jiří Svoboda also called Jan Hus, and a novel by Vlastimil Vonduška called The Hussite's Epopeia I. The character of contemporary commemorative practice is here analyzed by way of comparation with the older representations. This thesis also observes mechanisms which are used by particular representations in order to push through within the commemorative culture. The analyses of the sources in this paper is based on the concept of Cultural Memory Studies (Jan Assmann, Astrid Erll, Aleida Assmann) and on the concept of Memory Sites by Pierre Nora. Key words: Jan Hus, cultural memory, memory site, new media, politics of memory, historical culture Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Term of Palimpsest and its Application in Examining of the Urban Space
Šilhavý, Petr ; Marcelli, Miroslav (advisor) ; Jarošová, Emília (referee)
This thesis called The Term of Palimpsest and its Application in Examining of the Urban Space focuses on providing a more complex perspective of the analysis of urban space through the metaphor of text and also palimpsest. Thanks to the disintegration of the concept of the text multiple layers of reality began to be progressively viewed - from the literature to the culture text. This opens up the possibility to contemplate the city as well as another type of text, respectively in a metaphorical sense of intertextuality as so-called palimpsest. The work focuses on these terms in the theoretical part and suggests the urban space term and the possibility of examination. The empirical part is dedicated to the application of developer theoretical basis onto the site-specific urban space of the Prague's Peter's district. The anchoring of the palimpsest in the semiosphere of culture and cultural texts of historical depth but does not provide possibilities of complete renovation and securing the continuity of interpretation. This does not seem to be an obstacle for the set more complex view of palimpsest, on contrary it better reflects and deals with such this continuity. It helps to seek roots and identity of cities and their inhabitants.
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