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Visible vs. invisible hand of the market
FOŘT, Ladislav
The thesis deals with an analysis of government interventions in modern economy which will enable to evaluate the economic reality with respect to the role of the visible versus invisible hand of market. Firstly, the concepts concerning the visible and invisible hand of market are defined theoretically. It is especially capitalism and its individual kinds, the difference between these kinds and state capitalism, a particular case of state capitalism and a description of Czech economy transformation. Then, with help of a selected institution the Heritage Foundation, index of economic freedom in selected countries in the world is characterized and investigated with help of four main pillars, which are the rule of law, government size, regulatory efficiency and market openness. Each pillar is characterized by three component freedoms. The resulting data clearly present the harmony importance of economic freedom and economic growth in each of compared countries. The stage of a democratic regime and a level of political situation in the state are the next possible solution.
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Czechoslovak Ocean Shipping (1948-1989)
Krátká, Lenka ; Kubů, Eduard (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee) ; Jančík, Drahomír (referee)
DISERTAČNÍ PRÁCE ABSTRACT ČESKOSLOVENSKÁ NÁMOŘNÍ PLAVBA, 1948-1989 CZECHOSLOVAK OCEAN SHIPPING, 1948-1989 2016 Lenka Krátká This work is concentrated on the topic of establishment and development of the Czechoslovak ocean shipping in the period 1948-1989. The theme is presented with using a large number of primary archive sources and relevant secondary literature. In addition, the text offers an insight into the topic through the memoirs of former Czechoslovak seafarers collected with the use of oral history method. The primary aim of this work is to capture the history of the Czechoslovak ocean shipping in a broader context of political, economic, and foreign policy development of Czechoslovakia in the given period. A key moment for founding a merchant fleet represented the year 1948, the communist coup d'état respectively, when the country came into the sphere of the Soviet Union's influence and transformed its economy into a centrally planned one with the absence of market principles. These specific circumstances enabled to develop a transport sector which Czechoslovakia did not have either natural conditions, or practical experience with. Based on a politically motivated decision, the Czechoslovak ocean shipping in the early 1950s was developed in cooperation with the People's Republic of China. By this...
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Critical evaluation of Šik s reform
Šrámek, Ondřej ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Dufek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis deals with the so called Šik s reform, which was a reform, that tried to implement certain elements of market economy in the centrally planned economy of Czechoslovakia in the sixties of the twentieth century. Firstly the thesis describes the course of the reform, when the importance of the central plan was significantly reduced, the position of enterprises was strengthened and the price system was rebuild. Lately the thesis examines and compares opinions on reform and new economic system of foreign and domestic experts. The goal of the thesis is to discover mistakes and imperfections of implementing of new systém, which could endanger its functioning.
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The Soviet collectivization in the late 20s and in the first half of the 30s of the 20th century and evaluation of the social and economic consequences on Volhynian Czechs
Šťastná, Dora ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The thesis focuses on economic development in the Soviet Union in the late 20s and in the first half of the 30s of the 20th century. An accent is placed mainly on collectivisation of agriculture during the first five-year plan. The theoretical part of the thesis is dedicated to the centrally planned economy, previous economic history of the USSR and Stalin's concept of economic policy. The analytical part of the thesis deals with the process of collectivization and evaluation of the social and economic outcomes and consequences, specifically on the territory of Volhynia, where thousands of Czech citizens emigrated. The hypothesis, that Volhynian Czechs were not directly affected by forced collectivization, was disproved. As a result of collectivization the number of czech population in Volhynia decreased by 30%. The first five-year plan featured a big step towards modernization and self-sufficiency of the country, but in the agricultural sector failed.
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Economic policy of National front government
Bočák, Jakub ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on economic policy of Czechoslovakia after 1946 up to the rejection of participation in the Marshall plan. Its hypothesis is that development of economic policy was inevitably headed for the transition to a centrally planned economy. At first it focuses on formation of National Front of Czechs and Slovaks which meant a considerable restriction of democracy. After parliamentary elections in 1946 thesis focuses on description of two-year economic plan which was an important instrument of economic policy of the National Front. The last part of thesis describes the circumstances of refusing to participate in the Marshall Plan. The main conclusion of the thesis is that due to political situation was possible other development but transition to centrally planned economy.
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Economic development of Czechoslovakia in the period of normalization
Vanišová, Martina ; Šlajs, Jan (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This paper is primarily concerned with the economic development of Czechoslovakia in the period of normalization, in the 70s and 80s of the 20th century, when it ended attempts at reform and have been set stricter standards of the Communist supervision. It aims to show the malfunction of a centrally planned economy on the example of Czechoslovakia in the selected period. The thesis analyzes the economic and social development of the country during the various five-year plans and their impact on the country's economic growth. The thesis compares the economic development of selected countries in the former Eastern Bloc and analyzing the resulting differences in the same economic mechanism. To complement the context of the work also appears to comparison with the capitalist countries. Finally, the thesis analyzes the effects of a centrally planned economy to a further development of the country during the 90 years of the 20th century.
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GDP stagnation in Czechoslovakia in late 1970s and early 1980s.
Trnka, Miroslav ; Kolman, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dyba, Karel (referee)
This paper is primarily focused on the economic situation in Czechoslovakia during the period of mid-to-late 1970s and early 1980s, characterized by slow pace of GDP growth. The main goal of this paper is to show that even centrally planned economies can be affected by economic crises. It also deals with counting GDP from domestic product, which was used back then, economic course in Czechoslovakia after the Second World War and comparison between the impact of the crisis in socialist Czechoslovakia and adjacent countries with a centrally planned economy or capitalist economy. It also tries to connect economic reality with social reality.
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Specific features of transformational process in the Czech Republic.
Hamplová, Sabrina ; Breňová, Lubomíra (advisor) ; Dobrylovský, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor's work describes specific features of the transformational process in the Czech Republic. The work has a theoretical character and is situated in the nineties of the twentieth century. It primarily concentrates on the main parts of the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. The first part of the work is about the initial economic situation before reforms and focuses on explaining the negative aspects of a centrally planned economy. Secondly, there is an analysis of the impact of transformation on the economy using selected macroeconomic indicators, specifically GDP, inflation rate, unemployment rate and trade balance. This work describes the important steps and measures, which create the changes of economic systems and make the existence of a market economy possible. In conclusion, the aim is to broaden knowledge about economic transformation in the Czech republic in comparison with other post-comunnist countries.
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Development of the national company Motorlet in 1968 - 1978
Vaněček, Radomír ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Dufek, Pavel (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis deals with the history and development of the national company Motorlet (now GE Aviation Ltd.) from 1968 to 1978. The dissertation is divided into five chapters. The first chapter describes the centrally planned economy and its functioning. In the second chapter there are described the changes after 1968 and the economic development of Czechoslovakia in the seventies. The third chapter deals with establishing of the company Walter and its development in the sixties of the twentieth century. The fourth chapter describes the activity of the company between the years 1969-1974 and the implementation of the state plan. Continued by last chapter, which follows efforts in achieving the plan in 1975-1978 with different assumptions. The work uses an analysis of company archival materials. The parts describing general development are coming from the literature of Czech provencience.
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Czechoslovak banking system in years 1968-1989
Dobrovolný, Ondřej ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This thesis analyzes the development of the Czechoslovak banking system in terms of the centrally planned economy in the period 1968 - 1989. In the first part of thesis, the author, introduces the concept of banking system, after which he gets to the brief description of the situation in the banking sector after the Second World War. It is followed by an analysis of stated period which is divided into two major phases. The first one deals with the formation of reform thoughts and then continues through Pražské jaro and ends with establishment of normalization. The second phase is focused on late 80s, when there was a follow-up to reformist thinking of the late '60s, however, the position of the central bank hadn't changed until the early 90s.
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