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The Determinants of central banking transparency: An Empirical Analysis
Ulrich, Tomáš ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Jakub (referee)
This thesis examines the central banking transparency and financial stability communication. The main goal is to find the determinants of the updated Monetary policy transparency index and the index for financial stability trans- parency, which cover 110 countries during the period 2000-2011. We analyse the individual components of transparencies and perform regression models with the set of economic and political variables in order to find drivers of all aspects of transparency. As a basic observation we verified the increasing trend in both types of transparencies during last two decades. We found out that economi- cally well developed countries with flexible exchange rates, quality government and stable political institutions tend to be more open about their monetary policies. Moreover, high degree of monetary policy transparency and the occu- rance of past systemic banking crisis implies higher openness of central banks about financial stability issues. The drivers of Financial stability transparency index components display significant variations, especially variables like rule of law or past financial distress. It is concluded that financial stability trans- parency is still a young field of study and many central banks are still in the developing phase of learning. Keywords central banking,...
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Transparency of NGOs Fighting against Corruption in the Czech Republic
Vomastková, Tereza ; Navrátil, Jiří (advisor) ; Deverová, Lenka (referee)
This thesis discusses the topic of anti-corruption, non-governmental, non-profit organisations (NGOs), and specifically the relationship between their transparency and their sources of financial income. Inasmuch as the activities of such NGOs are of general public interest, and their output should therefore be available to everyone, this thesis focuses on the transparency of these organisations on the Internet as the most accessible medium. The theoretical part of the thesis scrutinises some key concepts, such as anti-corruption NGO, accountability, transparency and organisational resources. The research sample includes 23 organisations who declare to be fighting against corruption and data collection was carried out via the Internet. The goal of this thesis was to analyse the transparency of Czech anti-corruption NGOs since such an analysis has not been carried out to date. An overview of financing and transparency of the organisations under investigation was based on an analysis of their web pages and annual reports. The index of transparency shows the accessibility of information and its correlation with the structure of financial resources determines how various financial resources are related to the organisation's transparency. In the resultant discussion, the findings introduced in the theoretical...
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The Conformity of the Managerial and Democratic Imperatives of Governance in Non-Governmental Organizations (Comparison betwěeen Berlin, Cairo, and Prague)
Abdelhafez, Dina ; Frič, Pavol (advisor) ; El Baradei, Laila (referee) ; Pospíšilová, Tereza (referee)
Governance is derived from the French word "gouverner", so Good Governance refers to the way to control, steer, rule, and direct the organizations by the individuals who are in charge of the management affairs. The study uses the theory of Alexis de Tocqueville (1956), which emphasizes the importance of the presence of democracy to manage the internal tasks of the organizations, so these NGOs can play a role in fostering democracy in civil society. The study intends to find out the imperatives of good NGOs' governance through linking the daily operational tasks and the applications of democratic principles inside NGOs by using the qualitative research method to collect information and compare the implementation of the imperatives of good NGOs' governance in organizations in Berlin, Cairo, and Prague. Thus, the study presents two normative frameworks; the first one is to conceptualize and operationalize the imperatives of good NGOs' governance through integrating democratic theory with the representation and participation schools, and the second one is to examine the influence of the internal and external factors on the implementation of these imperatives in NGOs. The thesis categorizes the "Good NGOs' Governance Imperatives" into managerial imperatives and democratic imperatives. The managerial...
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Twenty Eighty-Four
Truncová, Eva ; Sotelo, MArch Verónica Gallego (referee) ; Kristek, Jan (advisor)
The project follows up on the undergraduate work on the issue of control and surveillance in public space. Tendencies of absolute transparency, well-arranged and controllable public premises, supposedly implying security, are present in most of the newly emerging complexes of buildings and urban planning strategies. Whether it is done consciously or as a result of current “trends” and requirements, which only a few question, the space is built to meet these demands for easy controllability. The second method of control, which has also emerged during the era of modernism, is the control of the indoor climate through "mechanical environmental management" or through the use of fossil fuel energy for heating, cooling and ventilation. Current requirements for the comfort of the indoor environment presuppose a constantly, fully and homogeneously tempered environment, regardless of the outdoor climate or the time of year. Both control regimes permeate all measures of the urban environment and have a direct impact on its organization, form and, above all, on the regimes of its usage. Developers and their commissioned architects repeat well-proven business models and forms, without any major focus on the context of the place, and incorporate this "logic of control" into their buildings and surroundings. Housing complexes are planned and built up as one unit with a rigid structure and only a minimal possibility of their later alteration. The domain of control through transparency penetrates from the public space to the entrance door of the apartment unit. Indoor, social control changes to total control of the interior climate of the apartment, where the boundaries between seasons and day and night are blurred. The proposal is investigating alternative ways of urban planning and architecture. The project deals with the relationship between building, its surroundings and applicable regulations, standards and energy efficiency, along with the idea of adaptive living.
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Sprayable elastic biopolymer hydrogels for wound healing
Waclawiková, Petra ; Nedomová, Eva (referee) ; Vojtová, Lucy (advisor)
Cíle prezentované bakalářské práce jsou zamšřeny na přípravu a charakteristiku sprejovatelných hydrogelů z vhodných netoxických látek, za účelem vyvinutí gelů aplikovatelných pro řízené hojení ran. Teoretická část se zabývá obecnými vlastnostmi hydrogelů, způsoby jejich síťování, a uvádí vybrané přírodní a syntetické materiály používané pro přípravu hydrogelů. Obsahuje také krátký přehled již připravených sprejovatelných hydrogelů, které ale zatím nejsou komerčně využívány. Experimentální část popisuje výběr a použití lehce dostupných netoxických materiálů a měření chemicko-fyzikálních vlastností z nich připravených gelů. Jako strukturní polymery byly zvoleny gum Karaya, poly(vinyl alcohol) a alginát sodný společně s různými fyzikálními síťovadly a aditivy. Polymery včetně aditiv byly podrobeny zkouškám rozpustnosti, a v určitých poměrech byly smíchány a následně síťovány za tvorby přednostně transparentních hydrogelů. Poté byly vyhodnoceny jejich optické a reologické vlastnosti. Z měření optických vlastností vyplývá, že gum Karaya ovlivňuje růst jak žlutosti, tak i transparentnosti připravených hydrogelů. Reologické měření prokázalo že vyšší obsah polysacharidu gum Karaya snižuje mechanickou odolnost připravených hydrogelů. Tuhost hydrogelů byla ovlivněna jak nízkou tak i vysokou koncentrací síťovadla, kde optimální množství vykázalo nejlepší výsledky. Správný poměr a dávkování použitých látek jsou tedy hlavními parametry pro získání nejvhodnějších vlastností hydrogelů pro sprejovatelné obvazy na hojení ran.
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Lobbing and its regulation i Czech and international context
Hoferek, Jan ; Staša, Josef (advisor) ; Rajchl, Jiří (referee)
Lobbying and its regulation in Czech and international context Abstract This Master's thesis investigates the phenomena of lobbying and its regulation both in international and subsequently national context, following a current government draft law on lobbying. The thesis is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, a suitable definition of lobbying is sought and its functions, most common typologies and three main theories are presented. After that, attention is shifted to the mutual relationship between lobbying and corruption and their interactions. In the following part, possible approaches towards the legitimacy of lobbying as a part of democratic process are presented. The end of the chapter analyses general background of lobbying activity regulation and its forms and tools. The second chapter is concerned with lobbying and concrete modes of its regulation in three selected countries - Lithuania, Poland, and Slovenia. The individual subsections have the same structure: at the beginning, the overall history of the regulation is outlined, followed by the introduction of the national lobbying environment. After that, relevant legal definitions are summed up, the regulation is comprehensively presented and then, based on academic literature, evaluated. Each of the subsections is concluded with...
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Anonymous Companies and Public Procurement: Evidence from the Czech Republic
Jakab, Miroslav ; Palanský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
Anonymous Companies and Public Procurement: Evidence from the Czech Republic Abstract This thesis follows up on previous research concerning inefficiencies linked to tenders awarded to anonymous companies. After anonymous shares were abolished in 2014, the question is whether similar inefficiencies can be detected in the case of companies that ceased to be anonymous. A balanced sample of formerly anonymous companies and their comparable peers was constructed via a matching algorithm. A Welch unequal variance t-test was then used to check whether a disproportionate drop in selected performance indicators and in the share of formerly anonymous companies on total volume of public procurement can be detected. A linear regression model was further applied to inquire about the effect of anonymity and former anonymity on tender-specific savings. The results show that anonymity significantly contributes to lower tender savings, but no similar negative effect can be found in case of formerly anonymous companies. Profitability of the formerly anonymous companies also decreased, but no long- term drop in tender volume was found, indicating that a large portion of the inefficiencies can be traced back to well-established businesses rather than special purpose shells. This thesis thus extends the present research in the...
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Optimization of optical and transport properties of PVA based hydrogels
Zahrádka, Jan ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to design and optimize a suitable method for preparation of transparent physically crosslinked hydrogels with manipulable transport properties. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) crosslinked by cyclic freezing and thawing was chosen as the model gel-forming material. From the originally proposed three mechanisms of influencing optical properties of thus prepared PVA gels, the influence of freezing rate was selected on the basis of pilot screening experiments for a deeper follow-up analysis. The mechanical properties of prepared hydrogels were analyzed by rheology using strain sweep test. The internal structure was visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimized technique for preparation of transparent PVA gels was subsequently used for preparation of gels with an interpenetrated polyelectrolyte component (poly (styrene sulfonate)). It was then experimentally verified by diffusion pair method with methylene blue as diffusion probe that the hybrid hydrogel network has modified transport properties.
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Solution design of dual food quality problem through Blockchain technology
Kopec, Martin ; Luhan, Jan (referee) ; Novák, Lukáš (advisor)
The goal of this diploma thesis is to propose a system based on blockchain technology that is dealing with dual food quality problem in countries of the EU. The theore- tical part of the thesis explains basic principles of blockchain technology, provides an analysis of the dual food quality problem, EU market and the current blockchain implementations in food industry. The practical part focuses on the solution design of such a system itself.
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