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What Are the Elements with Strongest Impact on Life Expectancy?: A Study Focused on the United Mexican States During Recent Years
Nedvěd, Vojtěch ; Paulus, Michal (advisor) ; Herman, Dominik (referee)
In this thesis, we focus on the determinants of life expectancy at birth in Mexico's federative entities. The aim is to consider three selected variables determining life expectancy - health care expenditures, unemployment, and school enrolment. We use panel data for up to 21 year period (1994-2014) controlling for already well-examined determinants (vaccination coverage, literacy rate, and infant mortality rate). Fixed e↵ect or random e↵ect estimation is applied according to the hypo- theses. Robustness test is performed using Principal Component Analysis including proxies of the main four groups of variables a↵ecting life expect- ancy - economic, social, health care and environmental. The results suggest a positive e↵ect of health care expenditures on life ex- pectancy at birth. However, a significant e↵ect of unemployment or primary school enrolment is not confirmed. Principal Component Analysis suggests the existence of additional determinant related to health care expenditures a↵ecting life expectancy. This thesis contributes to the debate on discussed variables (healthcare expenditures, unemployment, and primary school enrollment) related to life expectancy. We also extend the limited research on life expectancy in Mexico and Latin America.
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Imagining the West: Marginality and Possible Lives at the Outskirts of a Mexican City
Heřmanová, Marie ; Stöckelová, Tereza (advisor) ; Kandert, Josef (referee) ; Grill, Jan (referee)
PhD Thesis Summary: Imagining the West: Marginality and Possible Lives at the Outskirts of a Mexican City Mgr. Marie Heřmanová The thesis aims to develop various results of a long-term fieldwork in the city of San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México, where rural-urban migration was pervasive since the 1960s. The research concentrated on the second generation of Tzotzil and Tzeltal migrants living at the suburbs of the city. Young indigenous people, whose parents came to the city to seek jobs, are now completely bilingual (they speak their maternal language - mostly Tzotzil as well as spanish they have learned in the school in the city). They mostly work in the same areas as the first generation migrants - as shop-keepers, souvenirs sellers or street-food vendors. They are thus in everyday interaction with both tourist and expats in the city centre. These interactions and meetings are in the context of the thesis seen as a consitutive element to imageries of mobility, modernity and Western lifestyles developed by the the young indigenous people from the suburbs. The concept if "Imaginary West" (Yurchak 2005) is central in the thesis, an unseen and yet ever-present homeland of the tourists and most importantly a place where "better lives" happen. The text explores how the search for...
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Narcoterrorism: Searching for the crossroads of drug trade and political violence
Kolínský, Prokop ; Makariusová, Radana (advisor) ; Záhora, Jakub (referee)
The main objective of thesis ''Narcoterrorism: Crossroads between drug trade and political violence'' is to describe and analyze the phenomenon of narcoterrorism, a concept that combines in its core the politically-motivated violence, the illicit drug trade, and the use of terrorist methods. The goal will be to establish a comprehensive theoretical framework for the various types of narcoterrorism and the different supportive types that may occur between the politically-motivated or ideological groups, and the drug-trafficking criminal groups. This framework will be later primarily tested on the case of Colombia, where various warring ideological and criminal groups will be observed and analyzed. Other cases that will be secondarily used to further prove the established assumptions, will be focusing on other countries which seen in recent history a surge of political or criminal violence, and are either manufacturing or trafficking illegal drugs. These will include Peru, Mexico, and Afghanistan. In the final section of the thesis, the theoretical framework will be assigned to real historical cases, and a question of the prerequisites of narcoterrorist emergence will be discussed.
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Repealing NAFTA: The impact on international trade with focus on Mexico
Kolář, Daniel ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Cazachevici, Alina (referee)
The North American Free Trade Agreement came into force in 1994 after long and emotive discussions. When Donald Trump became the US president in 2016, its future became uncertain, which motivates this paper to attempt to quantify the impact of its repeal. To do that, it uses a standard GTAP general equilibrium model and models an increase of intra-NAFTA tariffs to the derived MFN rates. It finds that NAFTA repeal would notably reduce intra-NAFTA trade and have a modest but negative impact on countries' welfare. NAFTA repeal is estimated to decrease Canadian GDP by 0.48%, US GDP by 0.39% and Mexican GDP by 0.06%. It would severely damage US-Mexico value chains and increase income inequality in Mexico by hurting unskilled workers more. Additional simulations are performed to control for variation in sectoral MFN rates and to observe the sensitivity of results to the choice of closure. The only positive of NAFTA repeal is that it might mitigate regional economic disparities in Mexico by damaging sectors concentrating their production near the US-Mexico border. 1
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Analysis of the Czech and Spanish legal terminology in Family Law of Mexico
VEDROVÁ, Tereza
Bachelor thesis deals with Czech and Mexican legal terminology of the family law. The aim of my thesis is to analyze legislation of adoption and other forms of child care in the Czech Republic and Mexico, to create a comparison of legal adjustments of both countries, with highlighting the fundamental similarities and differences between them. This thesis is divided into practical and theoretical part. Theoretical part has two key chapters, including several sub-chapters. Practical part is composed of three sub-chapters, dealing with aspects of legal language in theory. Last, fourth, chapter is dedicated to analysis of legal language in practice. In the first chapter of the theoretical part I describe family law in general, its sources, principles and historical development in both compared countries. The second chapter is dedicated to the specific area of family law- adoption and other forms of child care. The practical part deals with the characteristics of legal language, the translation of legal terms from the source to the target language and contains analysis of legal terminology of Mexican family law. The thesis includes also bilingual glossary and summary in Spanish.
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War od Drug Cartels in Mexico and Columbia
Jedlička, Jan ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Kofroň, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes and compares the fight against the drug cartels in Colombia and Mexico from the point of view of US foreign policy. The first section contains a general description of the historical development of drug trafficking in both countries, which is crucial for a better understanding of the whole issue and subsequently examines the role of the United States in either case. The last section describes and compares connections and differences that can be found in both countries.
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"U.S.-Mexican Counterdrug Security Cooperation: The Merida Initiative a Possible Solution?"
Paulino Rosario, Leandra ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
Mexico and the United States share not only an approximately 3000 km border but also important roles concerning drug traffic. With the U.S. as the major consumer and Mexico as its principal supplier, they make the perfect supply and demand equation. As a result, they share the threats related to drug traffic which affects the political, social, and economic level of both countries. During the last decade, the Mexican drug cartels have gained control of the drug entering the United States, so Mexico is a crucial issue in drug matters to their American neighbors. Currently, both nations accepted a shared responsibility in drug traffic cases and are working hand in hand to limit the capabilities of DTOs, but there remains the open question if such efforts are significantly useful. This thesis presents an analysis of the U.S. influence on the escalation of the fight against illicit drugs in Mexico during Bush and Obama administrations and the effectiveness of the counter-drug assistance program: the Merida Initiative. I argue that the Merida Initiative has been successful improving the U.S.-Mexican relations regarding bilateral counter-drug policies. However, the Mexican drug cartels have reached their momentum and seem to be leading the drug market. Besides, it is necessary to pursue a critical...
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EZLN and changes in Mexican society
Kinský, Václav ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Svitková, Katarína (referee)
This disertation is about an indian uprising in Mexico in January 1994. The work at first summarizes the history of Mexico and it's development of guerrilla. Then it tries to characterize Zapatista movement, it's internal structure and a view of an internetional law. Therefore it says basic diferences between guerrilla, terrorist organization and activist movement. In another part I do an analysis of chosen documents. Specifically it's the first Declaration of the Lacandona jungle, second Declaration of the Lacandona jungle, Revolutionary laws and as last Requirements introduced at the beginning of the negotiation on 21 February 1994. The work deals with overall analysis of the presented documents and the main examined section becomes a problem with formation of identity. It's closely related with conversion movement from peasant movement to movement fighting for laws of indigenous habitants
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Impact of NAFTA on Mexican agricultural sector
Moravcová, Markéta ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to evaluate impacts of North American Free Trade Agreement on Mexican agricultural sector. The treaty was a substantial liberalization element for Mexico. After coming to force, the agriculture of both partner countries was gradually liberalized and after fifteen years the trade between the partner countries was free of all trade barriers on agricultural commodities. The thesis analyses the problem from various aspects. The first aspect consists of subsidies which the Mexican government pays to its farmers and subsidies which the U.S. pays to its farmers. The U.S. subsidies are considerably higher than the Mexican ones. The second aspect comprises the impacts on agricultural commodities and its production in general. This part examines impacts of the agreement on production of particular agricultural commodities and the change of production of certain commodities is examined. The production of more remunerative commodities like fruits and vegetables replaces the production of staples like corn. The following aspect examines the employment and poverty on the countryside and its connection to the treaty. The last aspect lists the impacts of the new agricultural structure on the environment in Mexico. The thesis comes to conclusion that the agreement created more...
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Possibilities of reinforcement of the mutual commercial cooperation between the Czech Republic and Mexico through ProMéxico
Vašíčková, Lenka ; Vilímková, Olga (advisor) ; Němec, Jan (referee)
This Master´s thesis deals with the mutual commercial cooperation between the Czech Republic and Mexico, focusing on possibilities of its reinforcement through the state export agency ProMéxico. The first chapter of this thesis concentrates on the current trade cooperation between these countries and compares them in terms of economy, tactics of negotiation for reciprocal business and it also presents the successful Mexican companies operating on the Czech market. The second part describes the agency ProMéxico itself, its services, attitude to their clients and, in addition, it provides the benefits of ProMéxico when exporting to foreign markets. The objective of the third chapter is support of this commercial cooperation, it also analyses possibilities of reinforcement of the mutual business and offers an overview of promising industries for export in the Czech area. The last part presents the comprehensive analysis of the mediation process of mutual international cooperation between the Czech Republic and the Mexican company WajiroDream through ProMéxico. The thesis also includes a SWOT analysis of the Czech market and finally it contains practical recommendations to Mexican exporters for successful business undertaking in the Czech Republic.
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