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The Struggle for the Eternal and the Infinite (S.Kierkegaard and J.Patočka)
Trlifajová, Justina ; Kouba, Pavel (advisor) ; Ritter, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the struggle for the Eternal and the Infinite in the works of Kierkegaard and Patočka. It starts with their respective concepts of existence. Based on them, positive and negative aspects of the relation of existence and transcendence are described. The main guiding principle of the description is the movement of the infinite resignation and the movement of the faith in Fear and Trembling, which is compared with the de-objectifying and all-founding force of the Idea in Negative platonism. It turns out that in the relation between existence and transcendence, one can discern the two basic meanings of the transcendent reality. These meanings, together with the positive and negative aspects of the relation of existence to transcendence, form the dialectic of positive and negative, in which the struggle for the Eternal nad the Infinite is set, as well as the struggle for an authentic human existence.
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Sport as a Theological Challenge
SVOBODA, Vojtěch
The aim of the thesis is to describe relationships between spirituality, Christianity and sport in history and present. In the first part the author underlines ritual origins of games and sports in pre-Christian cultures, especially ancient Greece and Rome. Revolutionary Christianity separated physical competition from religious ritual. In Christian author´s (Paul, Tertullian, Basil, John Chrysostom, John Cassian and John Climacus) games rating there is an obvious ambiguity They criticized an idolatric origin and connection with cults. Attributes typical for ancient athlete, self-discipline and perseverance, they remained positive. Athletes will and willingness to overcome obstacles gave some of the Fathers of the Church as an example for spiritual struggle, the term "athlete of Christ" had a strong significance in this context. The historical part contains Thomas´s Aquinas valuation of sport in the form of games. In discussion focused on the assessment of the sinful nature of games Aquinas submitted to the rule of reason. One of the key issues in contemporary theology of sport is introduced on the difference between the theological concepts of contemporary authors Rev Dr Lincoln Harvey and Rev Dr Robert Ellis. Harvey's theory, based on a systematic basis, based on the classical axioms of Christian doctrine. Sport is construed as a "liturgy of our contingency", set in the autonomous space that God lovingly gives his creatures. The consequence of this theory is the denial of the transcendent dimension of sport. Ellis´s theory is based on empirical research conducted among athletes. His attention is focused on efforts to achieve the best possible performance by referring to Irenaeus of Lyon, Maslow and others interpreted as a reflection of God's self-transcendence necessary for the creation of man. Sport according to Ellis in contemporary society fullfil some of the functions previously belonging to organized forms of religion. The final section deals with altered states of consciousness in sports and their relationship to the mystique. The author begins by describing his own experiences that are then interpreted from five points of view (philosophical, theological, phenomenological, transpersonal and skeptical). On this basis, the author formulates his own interpretation of the connection between sport and mysticism, whose findings help to deepen the above discussion and also can help with looking for a solution.
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History of PI
Bernátová, Eliška ; Kvasz, Ladislav (advisor) ; Pilous, Derek (referee)
My bachelor thesis "History of " aims to inform about the development of this constant. I tried to proceed chronologically from the beginnings in ancient Egypt through ancient Greece, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance to the Modern Era and the computer's world. In the chapters "The Mysterious Middle Ages" and " the Hunting of the Precise Numbers" are focused mainly on the most important personalities of the time. Of course, the problem of was dealt with a countless number of mathematicians, but to mention each any of them would take a lot of time and the thesis would have hundreds of pages. After due consideration I selected the most interesting personalities, those whose contribution to the development of deserved it most. In the next chapter, "Irrationality and Transcendence" I primarily focused on mathematical theorems and their proofs. This chapter is the most important in my opinion. Many circumstances related to the number are resolved there in. In the final chapter, which I called " in the Computer World" I mention only the most important computers until 1967 because of the very rapid development of technology after wards.
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Modes of Transcendence of the Poet's Existence: Towards a Hermeneutic Interpretation (Mácha, Březina, Zahradníček)
Vrbková, Julie Lien ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
The study Modes of Transcendence of the Poet's Existence: Towards a Hermeneutic Interpretation (Mácha, Březina, Zahradníček) follows the aim: interpretation of the distinctive form of existence in the medium of poetic words of the chosen poets (K. H. Mácha, O. Březina, J. Zahradníček) in the continuity of modern hermeneutic conceptions of poem's language (M. Heidegger, H. G. Gadamer, et al.) and of the philosophy of Romano Guardini and Søren Kierkegaard (especially in the interpretation of Zahradníček's poems). The first chapter deals with poet's existence as "different existence" from the point of view of his unique individual existence who transcends himself in the process of artistic creation. The second chapter copes with the effect of existential anxiety on poet's existence on the basis of Březina's essay Work of death and Heidegger's work Being and Time. The third chapter is dedicated to specific mode of poet's existence, melancholia, which is experienced in consequences of the threat of his existence. This modus of poet's existence is interpreted in the medium of poet's words in bases of Kierkegaard's notes, diaries and Guardini's studies. The final chapter of this study reflects the development of Zahradníček's early work's from the point of view of Kierkegaard's three modes of life. Lyric...
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Totalitariankitsch and underground. The semiotic model.
Kubíček, Jan ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Špirit, Michael (referee)
As a consequence of a process of semiotic totalization of public life in totalitarian societies, a system of social, esthetic, ethic and language norms becomes radically altered. This system is partially described in Totalitarian kitsch section, in chapters called Totality, Kitsch, Art, Language, Esthetics and Myth. In a passage called Underground, totalitarian realism and Egon Bondy's and Ivan Vodseďálek's gauche poetry is interpreted as a model reply on totalitarian society conditions. A concept of total poetry is introduced. We ask a question: what actually total poetry is, if not an art? Eleven answers are being sequentially found: 1. it is a complex of apocryphal texts of socialistic realism, 2. it is a game about art, 3. it is culture at the phase of being born, 4. a method of phenomenological reduction, 5. a language game, 6. de-construction of myth, 7. occupation of game position within totalitarian society, 8. a myth, 9. a semiotic clearance process carried out through semiotic rage, 10. symbolization of reality and realization of symbol, 11. call for a game. In the end, we try to define total poetry in relationship to avant-garde, modern art and postmodernism. Three points have been discussed in a chapter called Kitsch and underground: 1. recapitulation of acceptation of Egon Bondy's and...
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Problem of self-fullfillment in the philosophy of Jan Patočka
Härtel, Filip Hanuš ; Ritter, Martin (advisor) ; Kouba, Pavel (referee)
Topic of this thesis is problem of selffullfiment or a question what does it mean to live meaningful life. The problem will be dealed with texts of Jan Patočka which are summed up in a conception called Negative Platonism. Patočka tries to solve this question by discussion with existencialists and by searching main sense of metaphysics. His own ideas are formulated especially by describing Socrates and Plato's terms Idea and chorismos. After analyzing Patočka's text I will deal with the question of specifics of Patočka's philosophy and his own help to understand the problem of self fullfilment. This topic will be expanded on selffullfilment as a task of our whole life concentrated on relation to transcendence.
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Journey - Mountain to circumvention
Hůlová, Martina ; Kornatovský, Jiří (advisor) ; Hůla, Zdenek (referee)
This thesis presents my personal view of the art and the world around us. Primary issue is the understanding of life and art as a journey and an infinite search. Based on this perspective, the specific topics like art, forms and means of expression, symbolism, concept of a journey, time and work of different artists are being surveyed both generally and specifically. Through the survey of those topics, connections and coherences are being found. This thesis also consists of an analysis of my own art work (painting) and my didactic praxis together with a subject of didactics. The elements of contemplation penetrate the entire thesis.
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Impact of Emerson's Transcendentalism on the Development of the New Age Movement . An Inquiry into Parallels as a Way to Determine the Influence
Rabochová, Pavlína ; Ženíšek, Jakub (advisor) ; Grmela, Josef (referee)
This thesis provides details about historical background of American Transcendentalism, a theological, philosophical and literary tradition of the first half of the nineteenth century in United States and of New Age religion originating roughly at the turn of the same century and maturing in the 1970's in a form of the New Age movement. The work focuses on the influence of American Transcendentalism as one of the shaping factors, which contributed to the emergence of New Age. The attention is placed primarily on the work of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Through a detailed analysis of selected Emerson's essays parallels are drawn between the beliefs held by the Transcendentalists, mainly Emerson, and general beliefs shared with the New Age community. Following the historical development of both traditions, we discover the point of convergence, namely the New Thought movement originating in the second half of the nineteenth century.
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The role of metaphoric representation in the relation of man to transcendence
Stehlíková, Hana ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Marek, Jakub (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of a relation of the human being to transcendence through the concept of metaphor and metaphorical representation. It begins with the comparison of two philosophical systems, namely the ones of Immanuel Kant and Friedrich Nietzsche, whose conceptions are in thesis connected through the question of the limits of human understanding and the relation between the process of thinking and language. The thesis deals with those questions from the point of view of the philosophical concept of the metaphor. This concept, its history and implications are the main topics for the last two chapters. The conclusion will offer two opposite positions, symbolism and idealism. We can find those positions retrospectively in the mentioned works of Kant and Nietzsche thanks to the theory of Jacques Derrida in the final part of the thesis, but we also come to the assumption that their opposition will remain undecided.
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