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Properties of reclaimed post mining catchments and its effect of run of chemistry
Hurychová, Renata ; Přikryl, Ivo (advisor) ; Rojík, Petr (referee)
After the end of hydric recultivation from the monitored source of watering, artificially bulit-up lakes are fed with the water from their own basin. This water is not so systematically monitored as compared to the water from the new lake and the sources of its filling. This thesis summarizes findings about the developement of artificially made basin in the mining area and explains differences between various basins. Further, this work deals with the characteristics of water feeding lake "Chabarovicke jezero (Milada)", which was bulit-up during hydric recultivation of the mineshaft in the soft-coal quarry Chabarovice. Monitored basins have different area, slope, vegetation coverage and distribution of dissolved compounds. These factors have significant impact on the character of the water in affluents. We found out, that affluents from the own basin have high concentration of dissolved compounds resulting in the unwanted enrichment of the lake. Big problem was the high concentration of sulphates and nitrates, which in all affluents, except for one, exceed tolerated limits for surface waters. In the course of time, concentrations of dissolved compounds go down. Particular affluents differ between each other and the main impact on the water characteristic is the slope, exposition and area. In the...
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Factors affecting succession in abandoned mines
Valoušková, Martina ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Püschel, David (referee)
Extraction of limestone in protected landscape areas is a huge phenomenon and problem at the moment. Need of its quantity and quality constantly rise. The pressure to expand mining areas, which are located on places with considerable landscape and culture wealth, is rising as well. Returning of damaged territories back to natural cycle from which they have been forcibly extracted is even a bigger problem. The great unknown is whether it is better to proceed by means of reclamation or let the territory to its own evolution - spontaneous succession. In my thesis I am going to deal with the problems of spontaneous succession and factors affecting it. It is important to find out how plants can spread to left and open areas after mining, where they are going to be the first inhabitants. The fieldwork take place Cerinka quarry in Czech Karst. The aim of the study is to collect informations how plants can spread from maternal habitats and try to find out if there are any hurdles, which could hinder plants in the expansion. By doing this it should be possible to identify why how to support spreading of the target species to the site. The research is based on regular collection of phytosociological relevés at the site. Key words: spontaneous succession, quarries, Czech karst, mining, reclamation, factors
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Tar sands exploitation in the Alberta Province, Canada and its environmental impact
Šídová, Kateřina ; Opluštil, Stanislav (advisor) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
This thesis provides an overview about the tar sands exploitation in the province of Alberta, Canada and environmental impacts related to their exploitation. Canadian's tar sands deposits represent the 3rd largest crude oil reserve in the world. The economically recoverable reserves were estimated to 168, 7 billion barrels. The introductory part of the thesis explains process of oil formation, including a theory about the tar sands deposits formation. The main part of the thesis describes four most significant tar sands deposits in the Alberta province which differ in physical-chemical properties of extracted crude oil (eg. specific gravity) but also in geology of their deposits. Differences in geological setting require individual approach to extraction of particular deposits. The most common exploitation methods are described. Among them, the surface mining results are the most apparent exploitation impact on a landscape and therefore the major environmental problems are presented through it.
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Differences in the resolution of sea territories conflicts in areas with energy resources
Bančanský, Andrej ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
Energy security is an important phenomenon of the contemporary world. A significant number of oil and gas reserves are located on the seabed. Expansion of oil and gas drilling to deeper and from shore more remote locations can again raise the question of ownership of these deposits. On one hand, there are regions of the world where these disputes over borders of maritime territories escalate into a series of clashes and incidents. On the other hand, there are other areas where states can settle their disputes and cooperate on drilling. The goal of this study is to determine which factors lead to the fact that particularly in the South China Sea disagreement about the boundaries of maritime territories results in the escalation of disputes in comparison with the regions of the North Sea and the Caribbean Sea, where disputes are solved or minimized. These factors are represented by six variables, which are based on three theories: a realist, idealist and constructivist theory of international relations. The first part of this study describes the historical development of current international maritime law with regard to the territorial division of the world's oceans. It is followed by a description of three case areas. The second part deals with the theoretical foundations of the examined factors. In...
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Arsenic in tree rings at As contaminated sites
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Vaněk, Aleš (referee)
Kutná Hora and its surrounding environment was affected by mining Ag, later Pb - Zn ore, lasting several centuries. As a result of mining, extreme concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids, especially As, in waters, soils and plants are. The aim of this work was to study the elemental composition of soils and tree rings, including processes between soil and plants on contaminated and uncontaminated area to describe biogeochemical processes between soil and plants. Elemental composition (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Tl, Pb) were determined in soils and tree rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) using ICP - MS. The measured concentrations of elements indicate contamination of soils and tree rings due to mining and metallurgical activities. The highest concentrations of As in soil (14 977 mg/kg) were found at contaminated site (Kaňk) at depth of 40 - 50 cm. This locality is situated on the heap, where waste from the mining and processing of ores are deposited, together with minerals and weathering products containing As. The uncontaminated area (Sukov) exhibited the maximum concentration of As in soils 124,38 mg/kg at a depth of 5 - 10 cm, due to the contamination by dust from the contamined sites. The highest concentrations of As in tree rings were determined in the contaminated area...
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Black Coal Mining in Czech Rep
Vínovský, Jan ; Škorpík, Jiří (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
Throughout history, coal mining has dominated the 19th and especially the 20th century. The period of decline in mining began in the 90s. Between 1990 and 2019, there was a decrease of 88.13%, specifically from 30,714 kt to 3,645 kt of mined coal per year. Currently, only four active mines are in operation and the other two are in a conservation state. The forecast for the future of the sector is very unfavorable. In addition to the economic crisis, there are also reserves of extractable coal, which are currently around 25,000 kt. It is currently planned to end mining at the ČSA and Darkov mines at the turn of 2020 and 2021, ČSM Mines should be closed by 2022 at the latest, which will completely end black coal mining in the Moravian-Silesian Region and the entire Czech Republic.
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Assessment of the effect of mining on the ecosystem: A comparative study of the Czech Republic and Obuasi in the Amansie District of Ghana
Twumasi, Peter
The major factor for permitting different gold mining leases and enhancing the mining industry in Ghana was to pull in more assets in the nation to enhance the financial fortunes and to lessen the disturbing rate of joblessness. Despite the positive commitment of mining to the nation's economy, there are negative impacts on the ecosystems particularly at the various mining territories in the country. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare how mining activities in Obuasi municipality and Czech Republic influences the zone's ecosystem and to discover more logical measures to limit such impacts. The quantitative method of data analysis was used in this study through the mean and standard deviation methods while data analyzed were presented using statistical tools such as tables and percentages. The results obtained revealed that mining activities affect all aspects of the ecosystem including water quality, vegetation, soil, landscape as a whole, as well as socio-economic life of the inhabitants within and around the mining communities.
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Těžební vyrovnanost jako základ stabilního lesnického hospodaření
Kunz, Radek
The task of my thesis was to evaluate the current state of property in the company Lesy pod Javornikem, s.r.o. from point of view of harvesting balance and to suggest the steps towards its optimization in the following thirty years. During the making models there were used the data from the forest management plan and the forest management register. On the grounds of these data the thinning models were worked out which should be intended to deduce the height of premature felling. Afterwards there were worked out three different plans using index – harvesting percentage and normal clear cut. In these plans the height of the main felling were set down in different ways. The total height of decade felling following the three plans were reciprocal compared. From point of view of harvesting balance the third plan is the most suitable one. In this plan the height of the main felling was set down in the different way from the current legislation and exactly this plan is leading to the harvesting fluency.
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Vliv těžby na krajinný ráz
Bezděková, Tereza
The topic of this Bachelor thesis is influence of quarry on landscape character. The theorethic part is focused on evaluation of landscape character and possibilities of recovery of the postquarry landscape, with focus on near-nature recovery in basalt quarry. The analytic part is focused to apply this obtained information on area of village Libochovany in Czech Central Mountains/České středohoří. Landscape character of the area was evaluated according to methodology Bukáček and Matějka (1999) and there was detected influence of quarry Libochovany. According to ideas of European Landscape Convention there was implemented survey of public opinion. There have been defined limits, values and problems of the area based on the results of the analytic part. Those results were important for design part. The design part is focused not only on recovery of attributes of the landscape character but also on a recreational use and on effective integration of quarry to surrounding landscape and to the life of local residents. Design is trying to achive this goal by near-nature recovery which uses controlled succession and by sowing the seeds of the plants from localitions near the quarry. Recreation progam is designed with respect for landscape character and natural conditions and is also focused on opening the quarry for the local residents.
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Cone crushers
Polách, Martin ; Pokorný, Přemysl (referee) ; Malášek, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is focused on types of cone crushers and their producers. The thesis includes a theoretical part with a description of the crushing principle of each crusher type, research part about producers, and description of crushers. The next part is a proposal selection of the required crusher system.
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