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Monitoring of gluten content in barley varieties recommended for the production of Czech Beer
Barčinová, Nikola ; Boško, Rastislav (referee) ; Svoboda, Zdeněk (advisor)
Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA was used for determination of gluten in barley varieties recommended for the production of Czech beer. Currently, it is the most widely used method for determining gluten in the food industry. Monitoring the gluten content in raw materials and foods made from them is especially important for people suffering from celiac disease. Gluten intolerance is an autoimmune disorder that causes morphological and functional changes in the small intestine. Currently, the most effective treatment is following a gluten-free diet. In this bachelor thesis, content of gluten in 14 barley samples was monitored. The RIDASCREEN® Gliadin set was used for the measurement. Results were evaluated with RIDA SOFT Win.NET software. Content of gluten in the barley samples varied from 36,3 g/kg to 82,5 g/kg.
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Development of cereal products for special nutrition with addition of yeast and algae extracts
Požgayová, Viktória ; Fialová, Lenka (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the development of gluten-free cereal products enriched with yeast and algae extracts. The theoretical part of this thesis was focused on gluten-free cereals used in the experimental part, on microbial biologically active substances and on the possibility of their use in the food industry. A chapter devoted to the evaluation of food safety and additives in food industry was also included in this part. The theoretical part concludes with the description of the methods used to analyses of selected biologically active substances in the samples. In the experimental part of this thesis, three samples of gluten-free flours were analysed, i.e. flour labelled as gluten-free, corn flour and rice flour. The content of total saccharides, proteins, gluten, lipids and bioactive substances such as phenolic substances, flavonoids, antioxidants and ß-glucans were analysed in the samples. In the most of the tested parameters corn flour achieved the best results. In order to prepare the microbial extracts, commercially obtained biomass of Spirulina and Chlorella and cultivated biomass of carotenogenic yeasts Rhodosporidium toruloides and Rhodotorula kratochvilovae were used. The extracts were prepared using solvents labelled as GRAS (water, 96 % ethanol, hexane and their combinations). Lipids, proteins and active substances such as pigments, phenolic substances, antioxidants, vitamins and ß-glucans were analysed in the prepared extracts and biomass. Spirulina and Chlorella extracts showed higher concentrations of bioactive substances while yeast extracts contained higher concentration of carotenoids, lipophilic provitamins and ß-glucans. The safety of prepared extracts used in food applications was verified by the MTT test of cytotoxicity. None of the tested extracts showed cytotoxic effects. In order to prepare enriched cereal products, the corn flour, biomass of Spirulina, aqueous extract of Spirulina, ethanolic extract of R. toruloides and the combination of Spirulina biomass and R. toruloides extract were chosen based on the obtained results. Two types of enriched cereal products were prepared and in enriched products the increase of antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds and protein content was detected.
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Screening of probiotics bacterial strains aimed at proof of gluten degradation
Korvasová, Lucie ; Obruča, Stanislav (referee) ; Ryšávka, Petr (advisor)
No other treatment for celiac disease and other gluten-related disorders has been found so far except for a lifelong diet, which is significantly restrictive for the patient. Moreover, it is not always possible to adhere strictly to this diet, mainly due to random gluten ingestion, which leads to health complications associated with these diseases. Currently, vaccination is being tested as an alternative treatment, and there is also increasing attention paid to enzymes that could break down the immunogenic part of gluten, specifically in its gliadin component. This thesis examined bacteria that could potentially break down this sequence in gliadin and thereby reduce its concentration during detection. A considerable proportion of the tested bacteria belong to probiotics to ensure their future use for humans is safe. To obtain data, the fact was utilized that as bacteria grow, the turbidity increases proportionally, which was subsequently detected to determine the amount of bacterial growth. The RIDASCREEN® Gliadin competitive kit was used for the gliadin detection test, which works on the principle of a competitive ELISA method with R5 antibodies. The result of the study was the finding that only the bacteria Bacillus subtilis was able to break down gliadin among the examined bacteria. It was also measured how much gliadin the bacteria could break down at different concentrations, and according to the data, it was evaluated that it is appropriate to adapt the culture to the presence of gliadin for a greater amount of broken gliadin.
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Awareness of general nurses about the treatment of celiak disease
HOLEJŠOVSKÁ, Petra
Abstract Objective: The bachelor's thesis deals with the awareness of general nurses about the treatment of celiac disease. The first chapter of the theoretical part is focused on the digestive system, small and large intestine. The following chapter is devoted to the definition of celiac disease, its history and clarification of the concept of gluten. The next chapter presents the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease and the health risks associated with it. The fourth chapter is devoted to gluten-free foods, their labeling, basic rules for buying gluten-free foods and preparing gluten-free food. The fifth chapter is focused on the contributions of health insurance companies to gluten-free food. The following chapter deals with the hospitalization of a celiac in a medical facility and provides some tips for hospitalization. The last chapter of the theoretical part deals with education, the role of the general nurse in the education of patients with celiac disease, forms of education and lists the most common myths associated with celiac disease. In the empirical part, the first goal was to map the awareness and knowledge of general nurses about celiac disease, its symptoms, manifestations and treatment. The second goal was to map the specifics of nursing care for patients with celiac disease. Method of achieving the goal: The set goals were achieved through a research survey, which was carried out using a qualitative approach, the method of questioning. The method of semi-structured interview was chosen for data collection. The examined group consisted of eight general nurses working in inpatient departments at the Tábor Hospital, a.s. Scientific benefits of the work: The research shows that general nurses have awareness and knowledge of celiac disease, its symptoms, manifestations and treatment, although the answers to some questions were only partial, sometimes inaccurate and in minimal cases incorrect. The identified specifics of nursing care for celiacs can be used in hospital facilities to improve the quality of care provided. Furthermore, the work can be used by people who are interested in obtaining information related to celiac disease and a gluten-free diet. Acquired knowledge and conclusions: The research survey revealed the specifics of nursing care for people with celiac disease, which are mainly associated with the gluten-free diet provided. Furthermore, celiac disease has been found to be incorrectly associated with allergies.
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Poptávka po bezlepkových potravinách ve vybrané oblasti
MLEZIVOVÁ, Lucie
This diploma thesis analyses the supply of gluten-free foodstuffs in the stores in the Domažlice area, based on the demand of the gluten intolerant customers. In the theoretical part, the basic terms related to the topic are explained, i.e. business terminology, marketing research and overall issue of celiakia and gluten. The practical part examines and evaluates the width and quality of supply of gluten-free products compared to the demand. The main purpose, that is removing the deficiencies which are perceived by the respondents mentioned in the questionnaire, will be completed by proposal of specific recommendation for the Domažlice area according to the wishes of the sick.
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Food intolerance
Jirkovská, Magdaléna ; Tlaskalová - Hogenová, Helena (advisor) ; Křížan, Jiří (referee) ; Seifertová, Eva (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is a literature research that deals with food intolerances. It focuses primarily on celiac sprue, describes the disease, its clinical manifestations, symptoms, complications, methods of investigation, diagnosis and treatment. Part of the thesis deals with relationship of gluten to other diseases such as gluten sensitivity or autism.
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Molecular genetics of celiac disease
Němečková, Iva ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Tučková, Ludmila (referee)
Celiac disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disease that arises as a consequence of hypersensitivity to the grain gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Genetic predisposition are HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 genes, which are necessary but not sufficient for the emergence of celiac disease; it is involved in approximately 40% of the inheritance. In the course of the time, other genes that might contribute to the pathogenesis of celiac disease are being discovered. Among these so-called candidate genes, which are sought on the basis of known knowledge of molecular mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune responses, are for example: MIC, TNF, CTLA-4, CD28, ICOS, MYO9B, MMP, TLR and PTPN22. Immune response triggered by gluten peptide penetration into the lamina propria leads to mucosal damage. Different gluten peptides are involved in the pathology of celiac disease in different ways, some peptides trigger an adaptive immune response, while others, such as peptide p31- 43, triggers an innate immune response.
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