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Recent Findings on the Pharmacotherapy of Methamphetamine Dependence: Potentially Suitable Substances for Methamphetamine Substitution
Oktábec, Zbyněk ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Charles University in Prague First Faculty of Medicine Study programme: Specialization in Health Care Branch of Study: Addictology PharmDr. Zbyněk Oktábec, Ph.D. et Ph.D. Recent Findings on the Pharmacotherapy of Methamphetamine Dependence: Potentially Suitable Substances for Methamphetamine Substitution Bachelor's Thesis Advisor: Mgr. Roman Gabrhelík, Ph.D. Prague, 2014 Abstract Methamphetamine has long been a lead drug of abuse among problem drug users on the Czech drug scene. At the moment, there is no worldwide effective pharmacological treatment of addiction on the methamphetamine/amphetamine-like substances. There have been found substances, with the greater or lesser success, from different ATC groups as well as some new substances, which some patients/clients could profit from. Nevertheless we still fail to find a widely effective pharmacotherapy of methamphetamine dependence, which would be efficacious and broadly applicable, i.e. as the substances in the treatment of opioid dependence. This work aims to present current information on substitution and/or craving reduction therapy in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. This paper has the character of a research/review work and uses up-to-date data, not only in published articles and in the primary literature, but in ongoing clinical trials...
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Current options for pharmacotherapy of anxiety and sleep disorders
Böhmová, Kateřina ; Vokřál, Ivan (advisor) ; Skálová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Kateřina Böhmová Supervisor: prof. MUDr. Hrdina Radomír, CSc., PharmDr. Bc. Kotolová Hana, Ph.D., PharmDr. Vokřál Ivan, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Current options for pharmacotherapy of anxiety and sleep disorder Anxiety and sleep disorders belong to common medical conditions. Anxiety attacks are recurring unpleasant emotional states. Sleep disorders are characterized by an insufficient or excessive amount of sleep or its poor quality, which persist for a significant time period. These common disorders represent an important medical and socioeconomic problem. Opinions about etiopathogenesis and classification are constantly evolving. Complex treatment includes mostly removing the cause, lifestyle changes, psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy. Antidepressants from SSRI or SNRI group are considered to be the drugs of the first choice in frequent anxiety disorders. The treatment of insomnia depends mainly on the type of disorder. Hypnotics should be reserved especially for short-term and transient forms of insomnia, the treatment of which must be started as soon as possible together with the cognitive component and the elimination of the primary cause of this insomnia. In the chronic...
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Care for meth users in the USA
Pacák, Michaela ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Minařík, Gabriela (referee)
The aim of my theoretical bachelor thesis was to map the care of methamphetamine users in the United States. In the introduction to my work, I explained the basic general information that is known about methamphetamine. From its structure to the use of methamphetamine in pharmacology, including its side effects caused by its use. Related to this is its popularity, but also the problems in the USA. Subsequently, I mention its history of synthesis, but also the ways in which methamphetamine and its use in the United States have spread to the population. I also point out the differences in its use that result from different racial, ethnic, and other differences. In the next part of the work, I evaluate the financial barriers that often lead to problematic care for methamphetamine users in the USA and summarize the current treatment that is provided to these users. At the end of this work, I point out some possibilities of the latest and promising treatment approaches, and in the discussion. I state possible causes that lead not only to different care for these users in the USA and the Czech Republic, but also my own knowledge and experience with the US healthcare system. From this knowledge, I draw conclusions or possibilities that can lead to change and improve care for these users.
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Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II.
Vachudová, Eliška ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Babica, Jan (referee)
Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II. Author: Eliška Vachudová1 Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D.1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objective: Taking medication during pregnancy often implies higher risk of adverse effects for pregnant woman as well as for the foetus. In the Czech Republic, there is not enough information for rational drug taking during gravidity yet. The purpose of the practical part was to identify and analyze therapy used by pregnant women by questionnaires, in which respondents could show their knowledge and awareness of over-the-counter drugs, medical devices, food supplements and herbal and homeopatic remedies. Methods: The data collection lasted from August 2017 to March 2018 and was performed in the form of questionnaires at the Domažlice Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Nurses played a vital role to distribute the questionnaires and instruct every newly admitted woman how to fill them. The questionnaire was anonymous, contained 50 questions of open, semi-open and closed types and included introduction letter with the entrance criteria. After filling in, they were transformed into electronic ones using Google Forms. Collected data were...
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Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women III.
Cimbálová, Edita ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Babica, Jan (referee)
Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women III. Author: Edita Cimbálová Thesis Supervisor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Thesis Consultant: Mgr. Pavel Horký Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and purpose: Therapy of pregnant women is accompanied by a variety of changes that need to be accounted for. The purpose of the theoretical part was to summarise available information in selected health issues of pregnant women. The purpose of the practical part was to identify and analyse the therapy used during pregnancy and the attitudes, opinions and awareness of women after delivery about over-the- counter drugs, medical devices and other forms of complementary and alternative medicine. Methods: The data were collected at the maternity ward of Jičín Hospital from November 2017 to February 2018 via questionnaires. The questionnaire contained information about the study and it was consisted of 50 questions of open, semi-closed and closed format focused on health issues during pregnancy, attitudes and opinions about homeopathy, herbal medicine, vaccination and the way to get informations during pregnancy. The collected data were transfered into an electronical form and subsequently analysed by methods of...
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The quality of life in patients with epilepsy
Duchoň, Jan ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Jirkovský, Daniel (referee)
Background: The bachelor's thesis deals with the subjective assessment of the quality of life in people with epilepsy by the screening questionnaire Patient Weighted Quality Of Life In Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-10-P) in the Czech Republic. Objectives: The aim of this quantitative study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the QOLIE-10-P questionnaire, to validate it on a sample of patients in the Czech Republic, to assess the influence of individual sociodemo- graphic and clinical variables on the quality of life of these patients, to determine, which of these variables predict quality of life and perform McCall's area transformation of Mean score and Final score QOLIE-10-P for clinical screening use in nursing practice. Methods: The study population comprised 608 patients from the Center for Epilepsy of the Neurological Department 2nd Medical Faculty Charles University and the Motol University Hospital, who met inclusive and exclusive criteria. All patients underwent neurological and neuropsychological examination and a QOLIE-10-P questionnaire was administered to them. For statistical data processing were used parametric and non- parametric tests, determination of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, linear regression and multiregression...
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Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II.
Vachudová, Eliška ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Babica, Jan (referee)
Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II. Author: Eliška Vachudová1 Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D.1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objective: Taking medication during pregnancy often implies higher risk of adverse effects for pregnant woman as well as for the foetus. In the Czech Republic, there is not enough information for rational drug taking during gravidity yet. The purpose of the practical part was to identify and analyze therapy used by pregnant women by questionnaires, in which respondents could show their knowledge and awareness of over-the-counter drugs, medical devices, food supplements and herbal and homeopatic remedies. Methods: The data collection lasted from August 2017 to March 2018 and was performed in the form of questionnaires at the Domažlice Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Nurses played a vital role to distribute the questionnaires and instruct every newly admitted woman how to fill them. The questionnaire was anonymous, contained 50 questions of open, semi-open and closed types and included introduction letter with the entrance criteria. After filling in, they were transformed into electronic ones using Google Forms. Collected data were...
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Pupil with hyperkinetic disorder in elementary school
Hejhalová, Tereza ; Blažková, Veronika (advisor) ; Linková, Marie (referee)
The work is focused on the issue of hyperkinetic disorder. The theoretical part is a search of literature, which describes the basic concepts and principles for easy orientation in the topic. In the practical part of the work, the knowledge gained from the theoretical part was used. The practical part consists of an analysis of the school system, the scope of work of a teaching assistant and a case study of an eleven-year-old elementary school student who was diagnosed with ADHD. Thanks to the cooperation with the pupil's family and her class teacher in primary school, the opportunity arose to draw on their personal experience of working with the pupil. Both the child's mother and the class teacher provided their answers in semi-structured interviews. Thanks to this, information was obtained about the student's behavior in the school environment, at home and in the environment of her peers. The author's own interpretation thus works with the results of professional research as well as from the personal experiences of the two people most significantly involved in the education of the pupil and in the building of her intellect. The aim of the work was to create an insight into how to work with these students and to create for them the most effective environment for learning in the conditions of...
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Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II.
Vachudová, Eliška ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Babica, Jan (referee)
Identification and analysis of therapy used by pregnant women II. Author: Eliška Vachudová1 Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D.1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objective: Taking medication during pregnancy often implies higher risk of adverse effects for pregnant woman as well as for the foetus. In the Czech Republic, there is not enough information for rational drug taking during gravidity yet. The purpose of the practical part was to identify and analyze therapy used by pregnant women by questionnaires, in which respondents could show their knowledge and awareness of over-the-counter drugs, medical devices, food supplements and herbal and homeopatic remedies. Methods: The data collection lasted from August 2017 to March 2018 and was performed in the form of questionnaires at the Domažlice Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Nurses played a vital role to distribute the questionnaires and instruct every newly admitted woman how to fill them. The questionnaire was anonymous, contained 50 questions of open, semi-open and closed types and included introduction letter with the entrance criteria. After filling in, they were transformed into electronic ones using Google Forms. Collected data were...
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Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients II
Szikorová, Nikola ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Patková, Anna (referee)
Analysis of the effect of pharmacotherapy on the risk of fall in inpatients II Author: Nikola Szikorová Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objectives: Falls are one of the most common problems of hospitalized patients. Their occurrence is associated with many problems and therefore should be avoided. Effective prevention involves analyzing risk factors and implementing interventions to minimize these risks. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of drugs and other risk factors on the fall of hospitalized patients. Methods: Data was collected from April to December 2017 in 4 hospitals in South Bohemia. Only patients who had fallen during hospitalization participated in the study. An online database was created for the study to collect patient data (personal history, medications used, laboratory values and others). Population and individual fall risk-increasing drugs were analyzed. For each individual fall risk-increasing drug, the type of drug problem that could have been the cause of a fall was classified. Risk minimization interventions have been assigned to each drug problem. In addition to fall risk-increasing drug analysis, other risk factors that increased the risk...
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