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Voice and its modulation in human mate choice
Vobecká, Tereza ; Třebický, Vít (advisor) ; Schneiderová, Irena (referee)
1 Abstract Vocal communication is one of the primary means of communication in humans. Information from utterances not providedsolely by speech but also by their acoustic properties (e.g. voice pitch). People tend to associate different acoustic parameters of voice with specific human characteristics, such as physical traits such as body size, sex or personality traits such as dominance or attractiveness. Human voice is dynamic, and it is modulated depending on the inner state of the speaker and external circumstances. For example, the modulation of speaker's voice may be caused by their emotional state or depend on the person they are talking to. This work aims to summarize and review existing literature about the modulation of acoustic parameters of the voice and its effect on perception of others in mate-choice context. Key words acoustics, attractiveness, non-verbal vocalization, fundamental frequency, preferences
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The Evolution and Functional Role of the Colour of Iris in Humans, Its Biological Role, and Cross-Cultural Perception
Kočnar, Tomáš ; Kleisner, Karel (advisor) ; Windhager, Sonja (referee) ; Wacewicz, Slawomir (referee)
The human eye is a conspicuous and unique component of facial appearance. From other mammalian eyes it is set apart mainly by its unusual shape, visible white sclera, and a wide range of iris colours, which is something unique within a single species. Whether alone or in the context of the face as a whole, eye colour is an underexplored area within research into the perception of various personality traits. In this thesis, the author first reviews the physiological factors connected with eye colour and reported correlations between eye colour and different psychological and behavioural conditions. This is followed by an investigation of a possible relationship between eye colour and perceived dominance and attractiveness. The first and second study examines whether and to what extent eye colour is associated with facial morphology responsible for perceived dominance. The results are ambiguous. A cross-cultural comparison in the third study revealed that faces with blue eyes are judged as more attractive only in populations where individuals with darker eyes predominate. It is thus discussed whether this population-specific pattern is the consequence of a negative frequency-dependent selection that may have contributed to the present-day eye colour diversity. In short, the aim of this thesis was to...
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The influence of gender on the perception of attractiveness in young people
Smíšková, Anna ; Mazáková Šetinová, Markéta (advisor) ; Andresová, Nela (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of attractiveness, specifically the perception of attractiveness in young people and the analysis of the influence of gender on how young people perceive it. This work aims to identify what attractiveness means to young people and to verify whether gender affects their perception of attractiveness. The work is based on a quantitative questionnaire survey, which 352 respondents attended. The theoretical part is devoted to the interpretation of key concepts and theories that are important for my work - attractiveness, partner preferences, in which I also present the theory of evolution and the theory of parental investment, which formed the basis for creating my hypotheses, the concept of erotic capital and gender. Within individual subchapters, existing studies and research dealing with a similar topic are also presented. The practical part presents the analysis results - the results of statistical tests of 10 of my hypotheses, the distribution of respondents' answers shown in the graphs, and their brief interpretation. Subsequently, the discussion part discusses confirmed and unconfirmed hypotheses and discovered gender differences in relation to the theoretical basis.
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Approach of Evolutionary Psychology to Research of Human Sexuality and Mate Choice
Binter, Jakub ; Klapilová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Weiss, Petr (referee) ; Konečná, Martina (referee)
This thesis focusses on choice of partner, courtship, and stability of relationship. The emphasized phenomenon within this field are namely evolutionary origins of attractiveness and attraction, endocrine, behavioral, verbal and paraverbal displays. The courtship in this thesis is divided into three major phases - attractivity, proceptivity and receptivity - following suggestion of Beach, Freund and Money. Each of these phases is typical by certain types of behavior and reaction, such as hormonal response, vocal displays as is described in review of literature in the theoretical part. In the second, practical part, consists of four articles that address one specific phenomenon at time. The first article is focused on choice of partners in real world and their presence in sexual fantasy repertoire. The second article addresses vocal modulation when speaking to member of opposite sex who we find attractive or unattractive. The third article introduces hormonal response on possibility of gaining and loss of a potential partner in virtual courtship scenario. And finally, the fourth discusses role of female orgasm in relation to sexual and overall satisfaction in the relationship. The studies are original, and bring innovative insight to human mate-choice and courting, providing further scientific...
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Možnosti rozvoje cykloturismu na jižní Moravě
Schneiderová, Eva
This thesis is focused on research of possible development of cyclotourism in the touristic region of South Moravia. The aim of the thesis is to find out detailed factors of attractiveness of the given locality through a survey as well as factors of economic benefit. At the end of the thesis there are recommendations for an increase of perceived attractiveness and economic benefit for destination, based on the survey.
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The magic and power of red lipsticks. How do they affect our perception and communication with our surroundings
Nevšímalová, Nikola ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
This master thesis The magic and power of red lipsticks represents theoretical-empirical analysis that argues how red lipsticks influence our perception and how we communicate through them with our surrounding. The thesis stems from the basic assumption that red lipstick is truly important and bold communication mean that is able to talk to our surrounding in a completely different ways than other colors or color shades. The aim of the thesis was to find out whether the aforementioned assumption matches the reality. Key questions for this master thesis were as follows: How do women communicate with their surrounding through red color (red lipstick)? What do they expect from these communication means? How do they feel when they communicate through these means (when they wear red lipstick)? How to they perceive reactions for this mean of communication? What are these reactions like (men- and women- wise)? The master thesis is based on researches from the field of beauty, human attractiveness or perception of red color that have already been done and it presents several different theories about human beautification as well as cosmetics evolution and evolution of perception of beauty itself. Except these, the thesis focuses on media content and the ways in which media, mainly social media and other...
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Do the pupils of lower secondary education as more attractive real mounted zoological specimens or their models?
Moudrý, Jakub ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Janštová, Vanda (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to find out, with the help of a questionnaire survey and a preferential test, the preferences of pupils of lower secondary education for various types of teaching aids in biology. The preferential test was carried out on real zoological preparations (liquid cylinders, eventually embedded in resin) and on corresponding 3D educational models made of plastic or other modeling materials. The research is a follow-up to a diploma thesis examining the same preferences in upper secondary school students (Šibravová, 2016). The main objective is to extend this issue to younger pupils and to compare the results of both age groups. The goal is to find out whether and how the preferences change with the age of pupils and if it is necessary to adjust the choice of teaching aids in accordance to pupils' age. The first pilot research was carried out on one class of a grammar school. Then other classes of lower secondary education in Prague were tested. The total number of respondents was almost 200 pupils. This was followed by statistical processing and data evaluation. The results showed that 3D teaching models are better rated for lower secondary education than the corresponding real zoological preparations. This is the exact opposite to the results of upper secondary school students....
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Makeup use in the relationship to psychological factors
SBOULI, Angelika
This study aims to get detailed insight into the topic of women and cosmetics usage. Author has based her theoretical framework predominantly on the existing literature that has resulted into definition of cosmetics and makeup, and summary of cosmetics? origin, historical development and relationship with attractiveness, motivation and women?s self-perception. The core of the practical part is a qualitative analysis, that should verify research questions related to previously mentioned attributes. Author has conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 7 participants that are using cosmetics on daily basis. Reason for this form of data collection is an ambition to get detailed insight into personal development, change in style of cosmetics usage during their life and also explore what factors are affecting respondents with relationship to cosmetics usage. Author has used open coding method for data analysis and has developed 189 codes, 60 subcategories and 14 categories. Subsequently, she has created multiple case study using previously formulated categories and codes from the open coding. The main factor in the development of the respondents? cosmetics is smaller quantity of applied cosmetics but higher skill level in cosmetics application. From the factors that are influencing cosmetics usage, partner possession has been evaluated as the most important.
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