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History of the use of addictive substances in the 20th century in the territory of the Czech Republic
Hrabalová, Hana ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
Background: Since the desire for altered consciousness is innate in humans, addictive substances have accompanied life of humans since time immemorial. The twentieth century was a century of many changes, whether with regard to the way of life, political events or the use of addictive substances. The thesis focuses on the inventory and mapping of the development of the use of addictive substances in the territory of the Czech Republic in the 20th century. It focuses on the historical context of the development of use as well as the gradual development of legislation, treatment and prevention. Aims: The aim of this thesis was to acquaint the reader with the complex history of the use of addictive substances in the 20th century in the territory of the Czech Republic and to map the development of the use of addictive substances. Methods: This thesis is theoretical, the data was obtained from historical and modern articles, periodicals, internet and book publications. Results: It was possible to create a partially comprehensive mapping of the use of addictive substances in the territory of the Czech Republic in the 20th century, focusing on what substances were used and what events accompanied their use and development. Conclusion: Understanding the historical events and contexts of substance use can...
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Developmental coordination disorder and use of MABC-2 assessment for evaluation of children 3-10 years old with consideration of term of birth and birth weight.
Ducháčková, Iveta ; Kraus, Josef (advisor) ; Zounková, Irena (referee)
The bachelor thesis entitled "Developmental Coordination Disorder and Use of MABC-2 Assessment for Evaluation of Children 3-10 Years Old with Consideration of Term of Birth and Birth Weight" deals in its theoretical part with the latest knowledge on the prevalence of the condition, possible aetiologies, diagnostic aspects, clinical picture, comorbidities and therapeutic strategies. In the practical part, the motor skills of 52 typical children were assessed using the MABC-2 test. The children were categorized based on their birth term and birth weight, specifically into those born at full term and those born preterm, i.e. before the 37th week. The aim of the practical part was, firstly, to compare the results obtained and, secondly, to determine whether correlations exist between birth term, birth weight, and the MABC-2 test results. While statistically significant correlations were not demonstrated in the tested subjects, noticeable differences in mean values of all three MABC-2 components and the total MABC-2 test score were observed.
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Eating disorders of children as a social and societal matter
BLAHOUTOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor thesis deals with eating disorders in children regarding their social and societal context. The theoretical part is focused on the general definition of eating disorders and its causes, symptoms and possible treatment procedures and methods. The theoretical part does not neglect the prevention of eating disorders in children. The first goal is to determine the level of self-evaluation of individuals who have experienced eating disorder between the age of 13 and 18. Another aim is to map the impact of eating disorders on the personal and social life of individuals. The practical part uses qualitative research method including research questions that lead to the goals of the bachelor's thesis. Data collection was based on interviews with individuals, observation, and audio recording.
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Immunomodulatory properties of helminth-produced molecules and their effect during autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases
Moravcová, Johana ; Šmídová, Barbora (advisor) ; Kolářová, Iva (referee)
Parasitic helminths produce excretion/secretion products (ESP) that affect the host's immune system to prevent damage or exclusion of the parasite. In recent decades, individual ESP molecules have been the focus of research for the treatment of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases due to their immunomodulatory potential. Diseases that have been investigated in this context include ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and allergic asthma. Among the pleiad of helminths and their immunomodulatory molecules, it is worth mentioning Acanthocheilonema viteae (Av17), Ancylostoma caninum (NIF), Ascaris lumbricoides (Al-CPI), Brugia malayi (BMCys), Clonorchis sinensis (CsStefin-1), Fasciola hepatica (FhHDM-1), Heligmosomoides polygyrus (HpTGM), Schistosoma japonicum (SjCystatin) and Schistosoma mansoni (Omega-1). The main effects of these molecules on the host immune system include affecting the function of dendritic cells and macrophages, influencing cytokine production and reducing the Th1 immune response, which usually leads to alleviation of disease symptoms. Based on the current state of knowledge, it is not yet certain how the molecules will work in treating patients and whether they will have the same effect when administered in the long term. Despite...
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Developmental coordination disorder. Diagnosis and therapy from the physiotherapist's perspective
Tuháčková, Jana ; Šebek, Milan (advisor) ; Gerlichová, Markéta (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT First and last name: Jana Tuháčková Supervisor: Ing. Milan Šebek Title: Developmental coordination disorder Subtitle: Diagnosis and therapy from the physiotherapist's perspective Abstract: This theoretical bachelor thesis is devoted to the topic of developmental coordination disorder, its diagnosis and therapy from the perspective of a physiotherapist. In the theoretical part it summarizes the current level of knowledge about developmental coordination disorder, its etiology, risk factors, comorbidities, manifestation, diagnostic and therapeutic options. The aim of the second part of the thesis was to make a systematic review about the latest physiotherapy options for developmental coordination disorder and their effectiveness. The search included 16 randomised controlled trials from 2017-2023 investigating the impact of different therapeutic approaches on children with DCD aged up to 12 years, The results of the search summarise the current status and direction of research in the field of DCD therapy.The studies included in the search section looked at influencing a variety of manifestations of DCD, ranging from instability, motor learning problems and predictive motor control, imagery and movement planning, visual control, and others. Therapeutic approaches aimed at addressing...
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Mental health, its diagnosis and therapy in people with hearing impairment
Belšánová, Tereza ; Hradilová, Tereza (advisor) ; Kotvová, Miroslava (referee)
This thesis was created for the purpose of obtaining closer knowledge of the mental health of people with hearing impairment. At the same time, it also deals with psychological diagnostics and therapy for people with hearing impairment in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part is divided into three thematic groups. The first area describes the issue of hearing impairment, its classification and more detailed information regarding prelingual and postlingual hearing impairments. Furthermore, it also describes the field of mental health, which focuses more precisely on the description of mental health in individual stages of life, the process of coping with a disability, and the psyche of the parents of a hearing-impaired child. The last segment of the theoretical part is a description of psychological intervention, which is further divided into psychological diagnosis and psychological therapy. In the practical part, there is a qualitative research investigation based on semi-structured interviews conducted with six informants with hearing loss aged 20-35. The results of this research investigation point to insufficient support for psychological diagnosis and therapy for people with hearing impairment in the Czech Republic. For example, the following problem areas were mentioned: lack of...
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Future Teachers Knowledge of the Issues of Specific Language Impairment
Malá, Michaela ; Horynová, Jana (advisor) ; Klenková, Jiřina (referee)
This diploma thesis is dedicated to developmental language disorder (DLD) and particularly to studying how well future teachers are informed about DLD. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical, both consisting of three chapters. The first chapter of the theoretical part defines developmental language disorder, and examines and presents the basic terminology. Further, the chapter describes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms (both verbal and non-verbal) and classification of DLD. The second chapter examines the individual components related to diagnosing DLD. The third chapter describes the therapy, prognosis and prevention of DLD, as well as the specifics related to educating persons with DLD. The applied part of the thesis presents the results of a research survey conducted as a part of the thesis. The main objective of the survey was to determine how well the (under-)graduate students majoring in teaching in kindergartens and primary schools are informed about DLD in the course of their studies. The information was collected through surveys spread among the respondents. The collected data are processed and analyzed, the results are presented in the form of graphs and tables. Based on the data collected, the relevant hypotheses are tested. Another goal of the...
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The use of therapeutic methods in children with ASD
HAŠKOVCOVÁ, Tereza
The bachelor thesis focuses on the use of therapeutic methods in children with ASD. The aim of the work is to summarize the theoretical knowledge in the field of the use of therapeutic methods for children with ASD and, on this basis, to explore the possibilities of therapy for children with ASD in the Czech Republic and clarify the way they work. Part of the thesis is research carried out using a qualitative research strategy, where the research method is a multi-source semi-structured interview. The research group consisted of 10 therapists, the results of interviews with them were processed by open coding and graphically processed in the Atlas.ti program.
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