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Teaching Human Genetics and English Using CLIL Method at Lower Secondary Level
ZIKOVÁ, Sylvie
The thesis deals with teaching genetics and the English language (CLIL method). The main aim was to design four learning activities on the topic of human genetics. The given activities were then tested in practice. In the literature part, the thesis focuses on the CLIL method, its definition, and the topic of human genetics. In the second part, the thesis focuses on the validation of the learning activities with 8th grade students during three lessons. The results showed that most of the pupils would repeat the CLIL method teaching in another subject and that their knowledge of the topic of human genetics improved significantly after the teaching.
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Multiple sclerosis: correlation of gene expression and response to immunomodulatory therapy
Kleinová, Pavlína ; Kubala Havrdová, Eva (advisor) ; Taláb, Radomír (referee) ; Musil, Zdeněk (referee)
KLEINOVÁ, Pavlína. Roztroušená skleróza mozkomíšní: korelace genové exprese a odpovědi na imunomodulační léčbu [Multiple sclerosis: correlation of gene expression and response to immunomodulatory therapy]. Praha, 2023. 107 s., 3 přílohy. Disertační práce. 1. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze. Vedoucí práce Eva Kubala Havrdová. Abstract Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with a genetic component, modifiable with immunomodulatory therapy. It is assumed that genetic factors influence the course of the disease and the therapeutic response. The thesis presents the results of two studies investigating the genetic background of multiple sclerosis. In the first study, the influence of the (GT)n polymorphism of the promoter of the HMOX1 gene for heme oxygenase 1 affecting its expression was investigated in people with multiple sclerosis. No effect of this polymorphism on the course of the disease was observed. We confirmed the effect of immunomodulatory therapy on delaying disease progression. The second study, called the Genotype/Phenotype Project, is a multicentre international genome-wide association study aimed at detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with severity of multiple sclerosis. It has been shown that common genetic variants with...
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Automation of genotype data calculations
Janásek, Josef ; Štohl, Radek (referee) ; Richter, Miloslav (advisor)
This work is focused no creating application which automates work with applications Structure, Structure Harvester, CLUMPP a Distruct. These applications are used to work with genotype data for studying population structures. Automatization design for these purposes is then worked to an app which includes a user-friendly interface for easing the work as uploading data, filling in parameters for calculations and displaying results. Tis app is created on the platform .NET.
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Evolutionary hypotheses of obesity origin
Dundr, Matěj ; Hora, Martin (advisor) ; Vážná, Anna (referee)
Obesity is a major social, ecological, economic and health problem of today's civilization. Humans evolved to adapt to a different environment than the one they live in today, had more exercise and consumed natural food sources. The imbalance in energy intake and expenditure that we observe in today's human populations is the most likely cause of obesity. However, this work will deal with a less discussed view of the origin of obesity, namely the possible explanation of the origin of obesity with evolutionary hypotheses. The work will also try to evaluate and discuss, based on a comparison of the available literature, whether these hypotheses could really clarify the origin of obesity at the global level. In the beginning of the thesis, we present the problem of obesity, its prevalence in the population and comorbidities associated with obesity. The next section describes the diagnosis of obesity, followed by a section on the history of obesity. The main part is devoted to the evolutionary hypotheses of obesity, namely the adaptation to frugality hypothesis, the genetic drift hypothesis and then other ecological- behavioral hypotheses and their evaluation. In conclusion, the work summarizes that the described hypotheses could be useful for clarifying the difference in obesity prevalence between...
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The comparison of inquiry and cookbook laboratory tasks in Genetics lesson at grammar school
OBRDLÍKOVÁ, Zuzana
Inquiry-based education is one of the activating teaching methods, where the attention is transferred to students and student's activity is supported. Teaching by iquiry leads to the development of a positive attitude towards the subject, which is desirable due to the decline of interest in science subejcts. This teaching method contributes to the development of research skills, but also to independence, cooperation, responsibility and work planning. This diploma thesis deals with the comparison of the effectiveness of inquiry and traditional teaching in the teaching of genetics. A total of 46 pupils from two grammar schools in Vysočina region took part in the research. Pupils were divided into 2 groups - an experimental group, working on worksheets with tasks including iquiry elements, and a control group, working with worksheets containing traditionally designed tasks without inquiry elements. Data for research were obtained by using pre-test and post-test. On its basis the improvement in the post-test of the experimental group was compared to the improvement of the control group of pupils from individual grammar schools. Hierarchical ANOVA test was used for statistic evaluation. The results of the research do not show a significant influence of inquiry-based teaching on the acquisition of new information. On the other hand, a statistically significant effect was confirmed in the teaching activity, elaboration of worksheets.
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Návrh standardu plemene králíka Miniature Lop a porovnání metod šlechtění
ČERMÁKOVÁ, Monika
The main topic of this diploma thesis is the rabbit breed Miniature Lop, which is not yet recognized in the Czech Republic. Miniature Lop was bred in Great Britain, where the breed standard was accepted in 1994. Standard breeds have been also accepted by other European countries. The aim of this work was to design a breeding standard to correspond foreign standards. Another goal was to evaluate the situation of this breed in the Czech Republic and describe the various breeding methods. The data were processed through the Survio online questionnaire and through the creation of tables in MS Excel, which were sent to a total of ten Czech breeders. Graphs and tables were made in Apple Numbers. The first import of the Miniature Lop breed from Great Britain took place in 2017. The number of breeders dedicated to this breed is increasing. At the same time, the number of imported individuals to the Czech Republic is growing. As by March 31, 2022, a total of 86 individuals had been imported from abroad. A total of 26 animals were marked with the B.R.C. ring. The majority of individuals, a total of 62 %, came from Great Britain. Slovakia, Germany, Hungary, Poland and Austria followed. The individuals for whom the name of the original breeder was mentioned came from a total of 30 different foreign breeders. The rabbits were imported in a total of 51 colours. The most widely imported colour was Seal Point. Most imported individuals weighed in the range of 1,400-1,500 g. The weight of the does was on average higher, ranging from 1,300 to 1,900 g. Bucks usually weighed between 1,200-1,600 g. Additional data were found from a total of 65 litters of 268 kittens on March 1, 2022. The average number of kittens in the litter was 4.12. The average proportion of peanuts in the litter was 10.07 %. Of the total number of kittens, including peanuts, 63.80 % survived to weaning. The deaths of kittens during birth to weaning occurred in 26.11 %. Almost a quarter of all kittens were used by other breeders of the Czech Republic. A total of 2.23% of kittens were exported to foreign breeders. A breed standard was designed and individual breeding methods were described.
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