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Nutrient balance of the Rožmberk pond and its influence on the water quality of the Lužnice river
MONDEKOVÁ, Aneta
This diploma thesis deals with the nutrient balance of the Rožmberk pond for the years 2020-2021 and its impact on the river Lužnice. Due to the strongly eutrophic state of the pond caused by several polluting influences, such as insufficiently treated wastewater from the Třeboň WWTP or the outlet of wastewater from the R.A.B large pig farm, the Rožmberk pond was evaluated as the main source of phosphorus for the Orlík. The river Lužnice, flowing through Rožmberk, transports nutrient-rich water further to Orlík. Furthermore, this work is devoted to the study of sediments and phosphorus contained in it, as an internal source of phosphorus in the pond. The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the nutrient balance for the mentioned years and compare with previous years of balance monitoring to the current situation in Rožmberk. The last calculation of the substance balance was in 2014, and therefore it is important to find out what the current situation on the pond is. Data for the purposes of this work were obtained by regular, balance monitoring of the state enterprise Vltava River Basin within 14-day intervals. Based on the results obtained by this work, when the pond showed negative retention, i.e., more phosphorus flowed out than it reached the pond with tributaries, it can be stated that the Rožmberk pond is a significant player influencing water quality in the Lužnice river basin. Internal processes are applied in the pond, when the pond copes with the old ecological burden, due to the significant amount of phosphorus stored in the sediment. Rožmberk pond shows that material balances are indispensable for determining the actual conditions in ponds. We cannot do without this information about the proposed measures to improve the quality of water in ponds.
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Optimization of conditions for determination of bottom sediment sorption characteristics
Ramešová, Lucie ; Hanslík, Eduard (advisor) ; Pivokonský, Martin (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Lucie Ramešová Přírodovědecká fakulta Květen 2014 Ústav pro životní prostředí a VÚV T.G.M. v.v.i. OPTIMIZATION OF CONDITIONS FOR DETERMINATION OF BOTTOM SEDIMENT SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS ABSTRACT An option of this study was to optimize conditions of distribution coefficients determination in the water-sediment system. The study results will be applied in the task A research on influence of Temelín Nuclear Power Plant accident on the Vltava and Labe water environment contamination to the border profile Labe - Hřensko. After finding optimal conditions for sorption experiments, these will be applied on the experiments using real sediment samples and corresponding surface water extracted from different localities of Vltava River, Labe River respectively. A goal of the whole project is to contribute to creation of a crisis scenario of potential accident of Temelin Nuclear Power Plant and its impact on Vltava and Labe water environments. Above all, the aim is to answer the question which processes would take place in dams and basins during the contamination by fission and activation products, whether and which products would be preferably adsorbed and would consequently settle down and which would supposedly be transported to the lower parts of the watershed. The practical part of the...
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Impact of urban drainage on heavy metal concentration in aquatic ecosystems
Darmovzalová, Marie ; Komínková, Dana (advisor) ; Hořická, Zuzana (referee)
Urban streams are influenced by number of human activities. Diploma thesis discusses the impact of urban drainage (specifically storm water drains) on toxic metal concentrations, of, in one of Prague's minor creeks - Zátišský Creek. Zátišský Creek flows from the right side to the Vltava River. The creek is 3080 m long with a natural flow 1.9 m3 /s. The creek is affected by seven storm water drains and three rain settling tanks. The creek was monitored from April 2009 to June 2010 during this period six sampling campaign was conducted. The samples were collected from seven remote sampling points, located both upstream and downstream from the storm water drains and rain settling tanks. The impact of storm water drains was assessed based on monitoring of toxic metals content in different parts of the aquatic environments, samples of water, sediment and aquatic biota (benthic organisms and attached algae) were collected and analyzed. The sediment samples and organisms were dried by lyophilisation (freeze dry), and digested in a microwave oven using a solution of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Metal concentrations were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry utilizing instrument Solaar S. Overall nine metals were identified: cadmium, lead, nickel, chromium, copper, zinc, aluminum, manganese...
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Water and sediment chemistry of fluvial lakes of the Elbe River
Chalupová, Dagmar ; Janský, Bohumír (advisor) ; Jelínek, Emil (referee) ; Benešová, Libuše (referee)
The presented paper aims at the problems of fluvial lakes in middle course of the Elbe River which has been influenced by the human activity since the Middle Ages. The oxbow lakes which are extremely precious ecosystems contributing to the stability of the river ecosystem show not only the changes of the course of the Elbe River. With regard to sedimenting a great amount of pollutants, these lakes also tell about the industrial pollution to which the river was exposed mainly in the second half of the 20th century due to insufficient precautions on industrial sources causing contamination. 5 cut lakes between Hradec Králové and Mělník have been studied within this research. These lakes differ in the intensity of communication with the river, in the distance from significant sources of industrial pollution and in the use of nearby land. The research included morphometric and bathymetric measures, observation of hydrological regime, seasonal measures in the water column and regular analysis of surface water samples. Profiles of sediments in the length that the used technology allowed were sampled, so that older anthropogenic load could be found out. The amount of organic carbon and concentration of selected metal and arsenic (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn) were stated apart from grain size...
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Procedures of the use and application of the biochemical preparations to the aquatic environment quality and water elements sediment state adjustment in the frame of cultural heritage management
Rozkošný, Miloš ; Hudcová, Hana ; Kratina, Josef ; Sedláček, Pavel ; Dzuráková, Miriam
The monument procedure contains knowledge and instructions, which, according to the experience gained, should contribute to solving the unsatisfactory state of the aquatic environment in terms of water quality, excessive algae growth, increased turbidity, odor, and worsening conditions for fish life. This is usually associated with fluctuations in oxygen content and pH of water, the occurrence of toxic forms of metals, ammonia, etc. One of the parts is devoted to the possibility of the application of biological and biochemical preparations to reduce the organic component of sediments and reduce their volume. Recommendations are given for the survey of sediments, analysis of their composition, and determination of a suitable procedure for the application of preparations. Part of the monument procedure is documentation for the design and production of cultivation equipment for biological preparations (bioreactor), including description of its operation and maintenance.
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Redukcia organických látok v sedimentoch za využitia bakteriálne - enzymatických zmesí
Voltemar, Erik
Accumulation of sediments in fishponds is a serious problem for today's aquaculture. High economical, organizational and time-consuming requirements are often the limit factor for many fish farmers. One of the available solutions has recently emerged bacterial-enzymatic mixtures, which thanks to modified bacteria cultures, have been able to reduce organic matter from sediment and improve overall physical and chemical water parameters. The aim of this diploma thesis was to verify the effect of the bacterial - enzymatic mixture PTP plus in laboratory and field conditions. For the laboratory experiment, was chosen a method with different concentrations of the PTP plus, under the controlled conditions of the glass containers. However, the results of the laboratory test did not confirmed significant effect of this bioenzymatic mixture on the reduction of the organic component of the sediment nor on the changes in the physical and chemical parameters of the water. But the influence at the visual properties of the water was confirmed in container with several times higher dose. Three small ponds near Bohuslavice near Konice, with a total area of approximately 2.5 hectares were chosen for the field experiment. The results of the field experiment also did not confirm the significant effect of the bio-enzymatic blend on the physical and chemical parameters of the water in the monitored localities. However, in the lowest location of the fishpond cascade, BOH I, was recorded slight reduction of sediment organic component.
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The impact of eutrophication on fish in running waters
Jeníšová, Karolína ; Horká, Petra (advisor) ; Frouzová, Jaroslava (referee)
Eutrophication belongs among be the most serious factors threatening freshwater ecosystems. Eutrophication is a result of excessive nutrient loading which comes mostly from both the point-source and diffuse pollution and agriculture, increased sediment loading from soil erosion, but also due to a presence of various types of impoundments, which, particularly in some areas, represent a significat part of nutrient supply. Although the effect of eutrophication on freshwater fish communities has been thoroughly studied in standing waters, very little attention has been paid to running water ecosystems. Among the processes with the most pronounced impacts on fish communities are increased phytoplankton growth and loss of macrophytes, low oxygen levels or anoxia, occurrence of toxic forms of nitrit and ammonia and elevated turbidity and subsequent light reduction. Whilst the diversity of fish communities is not usually affected, changes in structure of fish communities and decreased ecological quality has been detected with the increasing level of eutrophication. The most sensitive fishes are salmonids as they have high oxygen demands and are very sensitive to a toxic forms of nitrogen. Moreover they are visual predators highly affected by the increased turbidity of water environment. Percids are mainly...
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Sediment impact on river hydrology
Winkler, Stanislav ; Šelepa, Milan (referee) ; Marton, Daniel (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis analyze sediments and their impact on hydrology in rivers. This thesis can be used as guide providing necessary theoretic knowledge about methods of measuring sediments and monitoring strategy. As default material have been used methodology for measurement from university BOKU Wien. Their long – standing experience and knowledge in sediment measurement sphere are inestimable and going to be used in project SEDECO – Sediments, ecosystem services and interrelation with floods and droughts in the AT – CZ border region financed through INTERREG AT – CZ.
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Obnova vegetace revitalizovaného úseku řeky Stropnice
HEROVÁ, Zdenka
Three seasons of initial succession were followed in the frame of this thesis after a restoration project in a section of the Stropnice River and its floodplain. The succession tends towards formation of community of alluvial meadows, which is prevailing biotope in the neighborhood of the restored part. Strong factor influencing the course of succession is wetness of the substrate, which is partially given by distance of a site from the water-course and by the difference in the altitude of a site and of the river water table. Synantrophic species were most abundant in the first year (2014), followed by meadow and wetland species (2015, 2016).
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