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Coexistence of plant species in fragmented landscape
JANEČKOVÁ, Petra
Semi-natural grasslands are hotspots of biodiversity in the present-day landscape. The thesis focuses on various effects and processes affecting plant species coexistence at two different scales. At the local scale, the effects of management and fertilization were assessed in relation to abiotic gradients and species functional traits. At the landscape scale, the patch spatial configuration, land use and plant functional traits may influence species distribution. The diversity pattern in fragmented landscape is also modified according to availability of suitable patches and landscape heterogeneity.
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Quantification of main solution components by using fragments containing heavy nuclides of common elements
Horká, Blanka ; Čabala, Radomír (advisor) ; Bajer, Tomáš (referee)
Quantification of major components by gas chromatography with flame-ionization detector (GC-FID) is established in routine laboratory practice. The FID detector is considered as universal detector for gas chromatography (GC), but it does not provide a response for a wide range of compounds and GC-FID analysis provides only quantitative data. The coupling of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry is a powerful analytical tool that provides not only quantitative data but also qualitative data on the structure of substances. When quantified by GC-MS, the detector oversaturation is a problem as it is a highly sensitive detector (at ppb level). One way to avoid oversaturation of the detector is to significantly dilute the solutions, which causes a decrease in the sensitivity of the method. Another approach to bypass detector saturation is to interrupt detection during solvent elution. For quantification of the major components of solutions, only the first method of bypassing detector saturation can be applied, but it is a labor-intensive process that increases the measurement uncertainty. The interruption of detection during solvent elution is not applicable for the purpose of quantifying major components, so a new approach of quantifying major components of solutions using M+1 ions was proposed and...
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Wilderness and recreation in the Šumava NP - typology of the relationship
Zitová, Anna ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on evaluating the relationship between wilderness and recreation, specifically in the Czech National Park Šumava. Šumava is one of the unique natural sites, not only due to its location in Central Europe, but also due to its unique natural wealth hidden in the heart of Europe. Moors, peat bogs, river springs, but also forest vegetation and much more are among the treasures of this Czech national park. These places are an attraction for many visitors. The work examines how to reconcile these two opposing tendencies. On the one hand, it is a desire to protect the natural environment and, on the other hand, it is the ever-increasing pressure of tourism and recreation. The diploma thesis is divided into two basic parts. The first part is a search of the evaluation of the "wilderness" itself and offers a view of this concept from different angles. It is evident that the view of the wilderness will be different in the world context from what we know from the Czech Republic. Furthermore, it is possible to get acquainted with the influence of recreation on the natural environment, resp. "Wilderness". The work examines the effects of recreation on fauna and flora in the most detail. The practical part of the work addresses the relationship between recreation and "wilderness" in...
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Structural analysis of natural compounds with aliphatic branched chains using mass spectrometry
Strmeň, Timotej ; Cvačka, Josef (advisor) ; Kozlík, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on analysis of fatty alcohols with mass spectrometry. Theoretical part describes distribution, main properties, usage and analytical methods for analysis of fatty alcohols. Experimental work focuses on the search for a proper derivatisation procedure for fatty alcohols, which would enable their detection with soft ionisation techniques of mass spectrometry, as well as their structural analysis. The main aim of the structural analysis is to find the methyl branching in the fragmentation spectra of derivatives of the fatty alcohols.
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Biology of three-toed woodpecker
Navrátil, Martin ; Fuchs, Roman (advisor) ; Reif, Jiří (referee)
In my thesis I have tried to find out how does forest management influence presence of the Three-toed woodpecker Picoides tridactylus.This species is considered a "flagship species" of an untouched primeval type of forest and therefore it requires our attention and protection. The thesis contains results of North-American studies focused on the species very similar to Picoides tridactylus. The main chapters are those aimed to provide information about how is the Picoides tridactylus affected by forest fragmentation, stand health condition and finally the impact of food supply on the occurence and behaviour of the species.
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Study of derivatization reactions for ESI-MS analysis of hardly ionizable rhenium aryl chlorocomplexes
Vlk, Mikuláš ; Štícha, Martin (advisor) ; Kozlík, Petr (referee)
Mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization is an excellent method for structural analysis of coordination compounds with outstanding sensitivity and selectivity. However, it fails to detect some low-polar rhenium complexes. This master thesis describes derivatization method of non-ionizable rhenium complexes with 1,2-dihydroxybenzene and 2,3- dihydroxytoluenene. Fragmentation mechanisms and structure of prepared complexes was studied using high resolution mass spectrometry and collision-induced dissociation (CID). Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) computational method was used for prediction of bond cleavage based on bond lengthening.
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Externalities in transport with emphasis on spatial aspects
Tomášek, Radek ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hanus, Martin (referee)
Externalities in transport with emphasis on spatial aspects. Summary This Thesis deals with the externalities of transport with an emphasis on spatial externalities. It is divided into eight chapters which are then broken down into individual subsections. In the basic concepts chapter is included the theoretical part characterizing the phenomenons of transport and externalities, possibilities of quantification, solving and internalization of transport externalities and the current situation in the Czech Republic. The chapter Practical part includes specific studies and their results. First, the model area of Výtoň is described and there are given at least the basic information regarding the functioning of traffic lights, followed by the methodology of the survey and its results. This research is also followed by the questionnaire survey dealing with the pedestrian traffic in Prague. Both surveys point to the same goal which is to find out about the influence of fragmentation of the landscape on the lives of the city's inhabitants. This goal was achieved in the final chapter, which summarizes the most important findings from both surveys. KEY WORDS: Externalities, space, fragmentation, road transport, city, pedestrian crossing with traffic lights
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Consociational theory - Libanon case study
Coufal, Ondřej ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with contribution of Consociational theory for Lebanon in 1943 till 1975 and during a follow-up state's reconstruction in 1989 after a civil war. In 1943 Lebanon becomes an independent state for the first time and its political system contained Consociational principles described by Netherland's political scientist Arend Lijphart. Those were present in order to keep the system stable despite wide religious fragmentation which was the Lebanon's case. The possibility of taking part in political decision making had all of the relevant groups. Institutional organization matched the basic Consociational conditions but the society was divided ideologically and socially. Arab nationals appeared among the Muslims whilst the Christians rather advanced the Lebanese nationalism. Problems were also brought together with a bad socioeconomic situation which was mostly a disadvantage for Muslims. Already a situation this difficult was intensified by a long-termed Arab-Israeli conflict and the Palestinian migration in Lebanon going along with it. The aim of this thesis is to find out how the elites dealt with such a difficult situation in 1943 till 1975 then to evaluate the presence of Consociational principles and their contribution.
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Euroscepticism and Fragmentation in the British Conservative Party 2015-2017
Svobodová, Markéta ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kłusek, Johana (referee)
The main goal of a bachelor thesis called Euroscepticism and Fragmentation in the British Conservative Party 2015-2017 is to analyse fragmentation in Conservative Party caused by different opinions on how to deal with the European question on four main events that occurred in those years. It also attempts to answer whether and how the party Euroscepticism has changed. The events used for the analysis are the general election in 2015, the referendum concerning the British membership in European Union in 2016, the intra party election in the same year and the general election in 2017. Thesis includes theoretical part, which covers several typologies concerning factions and Euroscepticism. Based on the theoretical part were laid out three research criteria. The first criterion examines the external manifestations of Euroscepticism on party manifestos on which are compared statements concerning the European Union. The next chapter criterion examines the internal manifestations of party Euroscepticism and fragmentation. They are analysed based on the behaviour of factions and politicians between 2015 and 2017. The last criterion maps the manifestations of Euroscepticism and fragmentation on the intra party election of a new party leader. Before each analysis comes a description of examined subjects....
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Ideologization and fragmentation of Skinhead subculture
Novotný, Jaroslav ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The master thesis titled Ideologization and fragmentation of Skinhead subculture deals with historical background of Skinhead subculture genesis and with cleavages, that determinated its ideologization and fragmentation. Simultaneously it pays close attention to analysis of various branches of the Skinhead subculture. The first chapter of the thesis builds theoretical foundations of the research. In this chapter the terms culture, subculture and counterculture are explained. Accentutation is placed on common denominators as well as on differences in the definition of these terms. The second chapter of the master thesis deals equally with historical background of Skinhead subculture genesis and with subcultures with a significant impact on the formation of the Skinhead subculture. In this chapter the attention is focused on historical facts of political development in Great Britain after The Second World War, on subcultures popular at that time and on foundation of the Skinhead subculture. The third chapter of this thesis analyzes infiltration of the political ideologies inside the subculture and the following fragmentation of Skinheads. Research in this chapter is focused on the spread of extreme right-wing elements, foundation of the racist branch of the subculture and sequentially on the reaction...
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