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Masaryk's reflections on history and historiography (Study regarding the so-called dispute over the meaning of Czech history)
HOLEC, Miloš
This work aims to use Masaryk's thoughts to analyse, summarise and interpret his philosophy of history. The introduction is followed by a chapter on the peculiarities of Masaryk's expressions. The third chapter looks at the perspective of eternity. This is Masaryk's yardstick for assessing history and its meaning. The term 'humanity' is also explained here. He bases his view on history and historiography on it, as right from the perspective of eternity. The chapter's conclusion analyses Josef Pekář's incorrect view on it and its opposite liberalism as understood by Masaryk. As demonstrated, Josef Kaizl and Kamil Krofta made a similar mistake, which had a practical impact in the escalation of the so-called conflict over the meaning of Czech history, or even directly in its origins. Masaryk's liberalism is subsequently given a separate chapter. This contains, amongst other things, practical examples of expressions of the opposite of humanity in history. The fifth chapter explains why it was humanity which Masaryk took as the basis of his philosophy of history. The sixth chapter explains how an ageing professor who had preached humanity his whole life could have led a war and even strived to ensure that a peace would not be concluded which would go against his political objectives. His relativisation of humanity wasn't sudden however, and didn't go against his pre-war values system, nor against his method of looking at history. As demonstrated, it was already in existence when Ceská otázka was written, which initiated the mentioned conflict.
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A Critique of liberal multiculturalism
Novotný, Ondřej ; Druláková, Radka (advisor) ; Doležal, Tomáš (referee)
The content of the diploma thesis entails proving of compatibility between liberal variant of multiculturalism and liberalism. Critique by Brian Barry this compatibility denies and understands liberal multiculturalism, which it personifies in Will Kymlicka, as illiberal. This critical view is related to the liberal-communitarian debate, through which are interpreted Brian Barrys critique as well as new conceptual elements in Will Kymlickas liberal multiculturalism that make it an update of modern liberalism. The thesis legitimizes this update, as well as firm attachment between liberal multiculturalism and liberalism through interpretation of Kymlickas postulates that is based on Rawls theory of justice and through establishing connection between those postulates and the wider postulates of liberalism.
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Nuclear program of Iran: The security dilemma
Roleček, Ondřej ; Eichler, Jan (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis considers the differences between realism and liberalism and applies the findings of these theories to the issue of iranian nuclear program. The thesis analyses the theories of international affairs, as well as historical and cultural connections in order to be able to judge and predict the behaviour of the countries involved.
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Political vision of V. Klaus
Binar, Martin ; Prorok, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lisa, Aleš (referee)
The thesis analyses the thinking of Václav Klaus based on clashes with his rivals during his political career. The thesis works with hypothesis that Klaus is in this thinking connected with New Right, which was mainly present in world politics by Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan. Values of Klaus are first analysed theoretically via analysis of conservatism, liberalism and finally their synthesis in so called New Right. Next part of the thesis provided evidence for hypothesis on national level, where Klaus was minister of finance and prime minister and third part on international level with Klaus as president of Czech republic. The hypothesis is confirmed at the end by summarizing evidence, which arose from particular chapters.
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Czech Pirate Party in the European context
PEKAŘ, Martin
This bachelor thesis deals with the role of the Czech Pirate Party in the Czech Republic and also in whole Europe. It focuses on the formation of the party and its programme. Based on the programme analysis, it classifies the party in the political spectrum and the party families concept. It introduces the role of the Czech Pirate Party in the forming of the international pirate organizations and its members' standpoint. It analyses European Parliament 2014 election results and points out the position of the party in a whole European scale.
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Karel Havlicek Borovsky founder of Czech economic thought? Ppart of the history of Czech economic thought
Brožek, Jan ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The aim of my paper is a critical examination of the thesis, held by Czech public professionals, that Karel Havlíček Borovský was the founder of Czech economic thinking. I begin with the premise that Havlíček was primarily an economic journalist with a basic knowledge of liberal thinking, which he wanted to interpret for the general Czech public in his articles, in order to familiarize the upcoming "Czech national movement" with the basics of economic theory. Based on the methodology of the History of Ideas, I want to show how liberalism looked in the Czech region of the 19th Century, to focus on the social stratification of Czech society and illustrate the difference between a scientist and journalist. In my work, I want to not only deal with That Havlíček wrote in his texts, but would also like to take into account an analysis of the interests of the "Czech national movement" in the 19th Century.
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Rawls versus Nozick: Theory of Justice as Fairness, or Entitlement
PILNÁ, Martina
This work deals with the different concepts of justice that are presented by works of John Rawls and Robert Nozick. Seeing that they are liberal authors, the first chapter is devoted to liberalism and its forms. Rawls is presented as a supporter of modern liberalism and Nozick is presented as a representative of classical liberalism, concretely libertarianism. The second chapter discusses how both authors describe natural state. The third chapter is devoted to it how Rawls and Nozick talk about conception of liberty. The following chapter describes and compares their theories of justice: justice as fairness and justice as entitlement. The fifth chapter deals with the final reflection on the theories of both authors. There are presented various reactions and interpretations of the mentioned theories. At the same time, there is shown considerable asset of Rawls?s Theory of Justice and Nozick?s Anarchy, State and Utopia which both influenced political-philosophical discussion.
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Does reform work?: an aconometric examination of the reform-growth puzzle
Babetskii, Ian ; Campos, Nauro F.
This paper, using data from 43 econometric studies, shows that one third of the coefficients (of reform on growth) are positive and significant, another third are negative and significant, and the final third are not statistically significant. In trying to understand this remarkable variation, writers find that the measurement of reform and controlling for institutions and initial conditions are the main factors in decreasing the probability of reporting a significant and positive effect of reform on growth.
Fulltext:  PDF
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Democracy and the System of International Relations
Ducháč, Martin ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (referee)
This master thesis focuses on Fukuyama's End of History thesis and the Theory of Democratic Peace. Broader theoretical framework is the liberal-idealist tradition of international relations. The basis for analysis is liberalism which is presented as a scientific research program. Liberal theory is chosen also due to the fact that it provides better explanation of contemporary complex and interconnected world. The analysis focuses on theoretical foundations of both theories and follows their main supporting arguments. Liberal-democratic system is interpreted as an emergent property and the consequence of spontaneous order (societal self-organization based on voluntary co-operation), i.e. as an outcome of an evolutionary process in a complex system with feedback. The consequence for the international system is that it can be no longer considered as mainly anarchical environment.
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