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Analysis of temporal speech impairments in patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Davaajargal, Anar ; Kováč, Daniel (referee) ; Novotný, Kryštof (advisor)
Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second most common neurodegenerative disease of the dementia type. Progressive degradation of motor and cognitive abilities and behavioral changes have a significant impact on the quality of life of the affected person and those around them. Early diagnosis of the disease is therefore crucial for setting up adequate treatment. Due to similarities with other diseases, it may be overlooked or mistaken for another disease in the early stages. There is a lack of extensive research detailing the speech defects specific for this disease, which through acoustic analysis could be used to make a paraclinical diagnosis in a cost-effective, non-invasive, yet efficient manner. The aim of this paper is to survey available knowledge and methods, select and implement appropriate parameters targeting tempo and pauses, and then evaluate the effectiveness of the methods used to discriminate patients from healthy controls. The evaluation was based on Mann-Whitney U test and descriptive statistics. The best results were obtained for parameters MWPM of longer words, median pause length, occurrence of repeated words and NSR, all considering the task with monologue, which generally showed a greater discriminative power than the task that involved reading a text. The analysis suggests temporal parameters suitable for describing speech disorders in the selected disease. At the same time, new custom metrics are introduced and tested in this paper.
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The ontogenesis of children's speech
LISOVÁ, Karolína
The topic of the bachelor thesis is the ontogenesis of children's speech. The theoretical part of the work aims to give a comprehensive overview of the acquisition of speech. It presents historically different concepts of language acquisition and describes development phases according to Ohnesorg and Lejsek. It introduces the periods of speech development and pays special attention to the second year of age. Finally gives a brief overview of speech disorders. The practical part of the work is based on qualitative research and vocabulary testing of eleven two-year-old children and observes the features that appear in individual
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Occurrence of communication disabilities of children between the ages of three to seven years old.
Šafářová, Jana ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Durdilová, Lucie (referee)
In my exam I focus on the occurrence of NKS (communication disorder) in pre-school aged children. I am interested in speech disorders that commonly occur in this age group. Individual disorders describe - how they express themselves and what the individual impact is on the child, whether the child is aware of this disorder and how. Furthermore, I will focus on speech therapy intervention, focus on the way how these children are being treated in nursery schools. Whether the schools have their own speech therapist or if the teachers leave the responsibility of treating this disorder simply to the parents. It also analyze the situation in the first half year of the first class of the primary school. Whether NKS (communication disorder) has the same occurrence or a decrease is rather noticeable.
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Taring advantages of drama therapy in individuals
Filipková, Žaneta ; Valešová Malecová, Barbara (advisor) ; Zemková, Jaroslava (referee)
The first part of the bachelor's thesis deals with the mental retardation, determination, classification and etiology. It is emphasising importance of the education of the child with light mental disability, which is possible to be used in form of the therapeutic-formative intervention. The second part of the bachelor's thesis deals with the area of drama therapy that describes the therapeutic-formative approach. It refers to possibilities of application of the drama therapeutic techniques and exercises in area of treatment of the children with mild mental disablement. The third part of the bachelor's thesis focuses on the proposal of the drama therapeutic programme, which main contribution is development of the verbal and nonverbal communication abilities. There is a presentation of ten lessons of the drama therapy programme with focus on the prevention of problems in the communication.
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Assessment of the "New speaking" method in the treatment of stuttering
Vlasáková, Jana ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Malá, Michaela (referee)
Name: Assessment of the "New speaking" method in the treatment of stuttering Objectives: Stuttering is a serious speech disorder where the consequences can significantly handicap individuals. Except the common logopedic care, there are also different alternative methods, including group therapy with the name "New speaking". The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the effect of this method from the perspective of two graduates. Methods: The main used method was exploratory (interview). Two subjects (female - 26 years old and male - 19 years old) participated in the case study. The interview consisted of fourteen questions. Results: Based on the analysis of the interviews it is possible to state that the "New Speech" method is working when the rules are followed. Absolvents perceive a subjectively significant improvement of speech with social and psychological consequences. Improvement in the social area can be supported by the fact that subjects are able to speak under all conditions and also that they perceive increase of job possibilities. The psychological improvement was less visible. It is suggested to work on their self-confidence and hardiness. Key words: speech disorder, stuttering, group therapy
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Integration of children with developmental dysphasia in regular elementary schools
VLČKOVÁ, Petra
This bachelor thesis deals with developmental dysphasia. The aim of this thesis is to try to expound this complicated disorder. Also the thesis highlights the difficult integration of the disabled child to a regular class in elementary school. The theoretical part of this thesis briefly describe speech disorders. In detail there is defined the concept of developmental dysphasia, its symptoms, diagnosis and organizations that may be helpful for children with this handicap. A special chapter is devoted to the integration process. In the practical part is used the method of case studies. The focus is on analysis of technical documentation and observation of two integrated pupils with developmental dysphasia in elementary school.
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Assessment of the "New speaking" method in the treatment of stuttering
Vlasáková, Jana ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Malá, Michaela (referee)
Name: Assessment of the "New speaking" method in the treatment of stuttering Objectives: Stuttering is a serious speech disorder where the consequences can significantly handicap individuals. Except the common logopedic care, there are also different alternative methods, including group therapy with the name "New speaking". The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the effect of this method from the perspective of two graduates. Methods: The main used method was exploratory (interview). Two subjects (female - 26 years old and male - 19 years old) participated in the case study. The interview consisted of fourteen questions. Results: Based on the analysis of the interviews it is possible to state that the "New Speech" method is working when the rules are followed. Absolvents perceive a subjectively significant improvement of speech with social and psychological consequences. Improvement in the social area can be supported by the fact that subjects are able to speak under all conditions and also that they perceive increase of job possibilities. The psychological improvement was less visible. It is suggested to work on their self-confidence and hardiness. Key words: speech disorder, stuttering, group therapy
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