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Awarenes of high school students about selected aspects of the influence of physical activities in pregnancy and maternity
Michálková, Diana ; Nechlebová, Eva (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
The thesis focuses on the topic of awareness of the secondary vocational school female students about suitable physical activities before and during the pregnancy and maternity period. The thesis is composed of theoretical and practical research part. The aim is to determine the level of the students' knowledge and general awareness of the possible physical activities during pregnancy and postpartum, to map their readiness for pregnancy and motherhood, and to increase their interest in a overall physical education. The theoretical part examines the physical activities in general, recommended exercises in pregnancy and postpartum. It describes all pregnancy stages, physiological changes of women during pregnancy and nursing, including appropriate and inappropriate workouts for all the stages. Last but not least,as the subject matter is not pregnant women but girls in a stormy hormonal development, it is necessary to mention the psychological aspects of adolescent girls. The research part is carried out by a school project in which the author discovers the level of students' knowledge about the given subject matter, applies the physical activities in practice and supplements it with explanation. The purpose of the research is to provide students with factual and practical information on the subject...
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Opinion of Pupils on Consumption of Marijuana: Prevention and Health Risks
Krajníková, Veronika ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to sum up the information connected with marijuana and cannabis topic in relation to their effects, use and misuse. At the beginning of my research three hypotheses have been determined . They have been based on the electronic questionnaires which have been answered by respondents in lower secondary schools. The results of my thesis are shown in its applied part. According to the questionnaire the first hypothesis has been confirmed. 17,68 % of survey participants have tried marijuana at least once in their lives. The second hypothesis has not been taken to be true, because although there is a prevention in primary schools, it doesn't provide pupils ' awareness of this problem completely. The third hypothesis has been proved false as well, because more than 50 % of the respondents said that they have already learnt about cannabis in Science. Key words: marijuana, hemp drugs, cannabis, Cannabis sativa
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Contemporary Scientific Knowledges and its Pedagogical Transformation by Way of Example of Human Evolution's Topic
Dvořáková, Radka ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Zrzavý, Jan (referee) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is about the pedagogical transformation of modern scientific knowledge from the field of palaeoanthropology and evolution anthropology to the teaching about human at the first and high schools in the Czech Republic. The main objective of this thesis (realised through four constituent research studies) is to analyse and to describe this complex and multilevel process. The first step was the content analyse of 32 textbooks. We also analysed the framework of the whole process. We realise questionnaire survey among 217 teachers and also interview with 10 teachers. The last research study about student's attitude and knowledge was questionnaire survey among 660 students. We found that there are no serious obstacles in the teaching of (human) evolution from the field of believers in the Czech Republic like in some other countries. It takes usually few decades to get new findings and conceptions into the textbooks, despite it some exceptions exist. Teachers seem to be the key participants of the process of pedagogical transformation. It is not only about the information they teach in their lessons but also about the way how they teach and about the attitude the build-up towards the topic among their students.
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Digital Technologies in Education of Human Biology
Pražák, Daniel ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
Digital technologies have been present in the educational environment in the Czech Republic and other countries for many years. Not only are they becoming a relatively frequent means of making education more attractive, but they also have a great potential for improving methods of illustration in areas difficult to visualize, such as human biology and anatomy. The presented thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part summarizes available specialized literature covering the bases for utilizing digital technologies in the practice of teaching; maps out the process of implementing digital technologies into schools in the Czech Republic; and last but not least, describes key elements and methods of teaching with the help of digital technologies. The practical part introduces the results of a survey which took the form of a mixed methods research among elementary and high school pupils, teachers, and students of Teaching Preparation programs. In the final discussion, the amassed data are compared to some of the relevant past surveys conducted by various subjects. In addition, the practical part also includes model activities for using digital technologies in human biology teaching; a description of their pilotage; and a critical reflection on the process. KEYWORDS...
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Use of Primate Expositions in Education at Elementary School
Vilímová, Tereza ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
This thesis proposes a possibility of using the exposition of primates in the Prague zoo during the school excursion for pupils of the 7th or 8th grade of elementary school. The thesis is divided into individual parts that theoretically analyse the importance of excursions for education and subsequently it is practically focused on facilitating the smooth course of the excursion and other activities that precede the excursion or follow it freely. In the thesis there is the general sorting of primates into individual species described in detail and there is provided basic information about primates that are bred in the Prague zoo. Further, possible excursion trail including individual expositions where the particular animals can be seen is described in detail. The main objective was to provide teachers with detailed instructions on how to make the excursion so it is successful. The purpose of the work was also to create materials which help to actively memorize the information provided and to raise children's interest in such an interesting animal species as the primates. With regard to the fact that most primates are currently threatened by extinction in their natural habitat, the theme of the excursion is closely linked to environmental issues and a responsible approach to the use of natural...
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Growth and Proportional Changes in Chidren at Grammar Schools
Zeťková, Marie ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
This diploma thesis describes an anthropological survey of pupils in the 8th and 9th grades of certain primary schools in the Zlin Region (Czech Republic), pertaining to which the data thus obtained were subsequently processed and evaluated. The aim of the work was to analyse proportional changes and the biological maturity exhibited by the members of the probands through KEI, based on empirical data, in addition to determining the given somatotype according to the method of Heath & Carter (1967). ANTROPO 2000.2 software was utilized for processing the data. The findings of said research are compared with the data reported by the National Anthropological Survey (Czech Republic, 2001).
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Opinion of Pupils on Consumption of Marijuana: Prevention and Health Risks
Krajníková, Veronika ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to sum up the information connected with marijuana and cannabis topic in relation to their effects, use and misuse. At the beginning of my research three hypotheses have been determined . They have been based on the electronic questionnaires which have been answered by respondents in lower secondary schools. The results of my thesis are shown in its applied part. According to the questionnaire the first hypothesis has been confirmed. 17,68 % of survey participants have tried marijuana at least once in their lives. The second hypothesis has not been taken to be true, because although there is a prevention in primary schools, it doesn't provide pupils ' awareness of this problem completely. The third hypothesis has been proved false as well, because more than 50 % of the respondents said that they have already learnt about cannabis in Science. Key words: marijuana, hemp drugs, cannabis, Cannabis sativa
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Y-chromosomal polymorphisms in the Czech population with focus on Moravian Valachs: evolutionary anthropology study.
Ehler, Edvard ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Černý, Viktor (referee) ; Brdička, Radim (referee)
1 Abstract Aim: This study presents an evolutionary anthropology approach to the history of Moravian Valachs. The origins of Valach population are approached by evaluating the admixture event that marked the appearance of Moravian Valachs. Methods & data: Focus of my Ph.D. project lies on Y-chromosomal variation, using 12 Y-STR loci haplotype to compute population genetic statistics, to infer Y-chromosomal haplogroup information and to compare Moravian Valachs to other European populations. Admixture analysis was performed. Our data set contains haplotypic information from 44 populations with the total of 4757 individuals. Moravian Valachs are presented by 94 DNA samples. Results: Our data reveal a decreased genetic variability in Moravian Valachs compared to other Central European populations. This feature is most probably caused by isolation of Valach population. Multidimensional scaling and comparison of FST distances shows Valach population as related to populations from Poland, Romania and Macedonia. Shared haplotypes and AMOVA tests place the Valachs to the Central European region. Also admixture analysis, as well as demographic and historical data, stresses the influence of autochthonous population of Moravia in the forming of Moravian Valachs. Conclusion: Moravian Valachs represent a hybrid...
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