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The progress of the tourism in Cuba in the 20th and the 21st century
Valchářová, Eva ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
This thesis deals with the development of tourism on the island of Cuba from the beginning of the 20th century till the present time based on the travel books written by travellers who come mainly from the United States of America. Next, it analyzes tourism during the 20th century. It monitors Cuban tourism from the historic point of view, where it records the period of communist government, racism and similar problems till the present time. It mentions another, however not so representative part of tourism, sex tourism. It is trying to stress the positive aspects of places that represent the tourism in Cuba.
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Human sacrifice and bloodletting in colonial Mayan documents
Kostičová, Zuzana ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Chlup, Radek (referee)
Lidska obet' a sebeobet' krve patfily u poklasickych Mayu mezi nejdulezitejsf ritualy, nicmene porozumenf jejich vyznamu bylo prflis cas to filtrovano badateli skrz jejich vlastnf kultumf hodnoty a predporozumenf. Jedina cesta, jak se pokusit rekonstruovat autochthonnf pohled na lidskou obet' v Mezoamerickem staroveku, je ponofit se do primamfch pramenu. Zatfmco pro klasicke obdobf predstavuje zakladnf a nejdulezitejsf zdroje epigraficky material a ikonografie, pro informace 0 poklasickem obdobf muzeme disponovat kolonialnfmi texty psanymi v latince, a to jak pffmo zaznamy oralnf ci hieroglyficke literatury (knihy Chilama Balama, Popol Vuh, Cantares de Dzitbalche atd.), tak zpravami spanelskych lokalnfch autorit a misionaru o jimi spravovane zemi (kronika biskupa Landy nebo Relaciones hist6rico-geograficas). Kontrast lidske obeti a sebeobeti vyvstava v primamfch textech zcela jednoznacne. Lidska obet' vyznamne souvisf s proklamacf nadvlady, moci a politicke dominance, muze byt uzita nejenjako ritualnf vysada odmenena nejlepsfm z posmrtnych zivotu, ale rovnez (a zda se, ze statisticky vzato pfedevsfm) jako trest nebo konecne dovrsenf vojenske porazky. Jako takova je vnfmana ambivalentne, jako nejposvatnejsf a nejvyznamnejsf z Cinnostf, jimiz je clovek povinovan bohum a zaroven jako nestestf a jeden z nejmene...
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Jesuit architecture in South America
Vopálková, Martina ; Binková, Simona (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
This diploma thesis called The Jesuit Arquitecture in South America focused on Andean area is treating the jesuit arquitecture in South America and it is focused on the arquitecture in towns in The Andean Area, now the states of Beru, Bolivia, Ecuador and Colombia. My final work has an intention to provide a summary of this fascinating part of the colonial history of art of Latin America. I tried to deal with the part of the jesuit history from the arrival of members of the Society of Jesus in the end ot the XVI. century to their expulsion in the year 1767. The content of this thesis is to present the jesuit arquitecture and to present their caracteristics and diferences from the european baroque arquitecture. I wanted to speak about the forms and technologies of the jesuit works and to compare them, to compare the jesuit buildings, which I am dealing with, between them and they are comparated with the itailan jesuit church called Il Gesù. At the end, I included the actual situation of the jesuit building in The Andean Area.
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Privateers in the Caribbean Sea
Iltisová, Andrea ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Brenišínová, Monika (referee)
The topic of my thesis is the privateering in the Caribbean Sea during the 17th and the 18th century and its comparison with other forms of naval robbery, which achieved the highest frequency in the Caribbean area during the Early Modern age. Based on the available secondary literature I have analyzed the privateer's way of life, I make a comprehensive typology of pirates and privateers and I point at their similarities and deifferences. The aim of the thesis is, with the help of qualitative research, to collect a complete picture of the privateer from the study of secondary literature and available sources. In conclusion, I dedicate the case studies to compiling an image of a privateer and a pirate presented by the eminent works of the 17th - 20th centuries. Seeing the work I will point out the fact that the image of the privateer has undergone an important romanticization process over the centuries, but it still preserves certain archetypal stereotypes, which still prevail.
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Representations of Native Americans in Czech Written Sources in the Early Modern Period
Libánská, Anna ; Brenišínová, Monika (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of representations of Native Americans in Czech written sources from the 16th century which are related to the topic of european overseas exploration. Special emphasis is placed on the formation of representations of corporeality in the context of discourses present in the early modern literary production and on the representations of gender relations that discourses of the body help to produce in texts. Apart from other things, the textual representations were influenced by the europocentric interpretation of the world which emerging from christian discourse at that time. As well, the work shows how the practices of othering of American Indians and their societies are produced in analyzed sources. The othering was realized, beside other things, in the context of dichotomous discourses of civilization and barbarism, religious discourse and the discourse of power. Emphasis is also put on the changes and mutual similarities of discourses in the written sources. In order to analyze representations of American Indians, the work uses the method of Foucalt's discursive analysis. The work also uses the constructivist theory of representation and the theory of hegemonic gender configurations. Key words Native Americans, corporeality, gender, otherness, textual...
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Anextion of Southwest by USA (1848) and Its Consequences for the Native Populations
Mlynář, Tomáš ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
The topic of this thesis is The Mexican Cession in 1848 in which Mexico ceded territory to the USA in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the subsequent impact of the cession on the life of the native population of the territory during the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The thesis primarily focuses on everyday life of the native population and their relationship with the majority (white) population before and after the cession. Firstly, the geographical region of the American Southwest, the historical context (the influence of Spanish colonization, the circumstances of the cession) and the specific ethnic groups are briefly introduced. After that, the thesis analyses how the ethnic groups reflected on the political change and to what extent did the change impact the subsequent development of their material and intellectual culture, with special attention to settled and nomadic or semi- nomadic societies. The thesis also pays attention to the various ways and methods the US government used to try to integrate the native population into the majority population in the last decades of the 19th century and analyses the interactions between the two populations stemming from those policies. The research method used is the analysis of historical sources, with...
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Huehuetlatolli - moral lessons not only of the old Aztecs
Deylová, Iva ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Korecká, Zuzana (referee)
The diploma thesis "Huehuetlatolli - moral lessons not only of the old Aztecs" examines this rather unknown genre of Nahua literature from various viewpoints. The original form of these probably only orally transmitted traditions is nowadays known due to the records made by two Spanish Franciscan missionaries Andrés de Olmos and Bernardino de Sahagún. Both of them started showing interest in the indigenous cultures and traditions immediately after arriving in the area of the present Mexico at the beginning of the colonization period. The analysis presented in this work is based on the Volume VI of the book Historia general de las cosas de Nueva Espaa written by Bernardino de Sahagún. The introductory chapters offer a rather general description of Nahua culture and its relationship to the most famous pre-Columbian ethnic group - the Aztecs. This information was largely obtained through the study of texts of both Mexican and foreign scholars such as Ángel María Garibay, Miguel León-Portilla, Markéta Křížová, and others. The text also mentions how the missionaries Andrés de Olmos and Bernardino de Sahagún collected the texts. I also provide arguments why I chose texts edited by Bernardino de Sahagún as a source of this thesis. Additionally, it was also important to classify and mention the main characteristics...
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Being a European black person: a case study on the role of the urban space of Prague and Paris and current challenges.
Bilembo Adja, Lourdes Peggy Armelle ; Kovářová, Linda (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee) ; György, Eszter (referee)
and Keywords "In the World through which I travel, I am endlessly creating myself." - Frantz Fanon In this thesis, one of my first aims, among others, is to discuss and put in perspective the different levels of identification that can coexist and contribute to the creation of a person. I want to understand the impact and the role played by the city in one's identity-building process by studying the self-perception of visibly black people in Prague and Paris. Why did I decide to work on blackness within the European context? I decided to work on blackness for many reasons, one being that blackness as much as whiteness are social constructs. However, when whiteness has a history of multiplicity, and white people are being granted individuality, blackness, on the other hand, is often seen as an encompassing term. Black people are perceived as a monolithic social group in every sense of the word, sharing the same history and past across the globe. It is because of the peculiarity of blackness, which is seen as a factor of global identity that I wanted to study that topic within Europe. Working on blackness in Europe is working on a topic that would look like an oxymoron. Indeed, Europe is associated with whiteness, and blackness is associated with Africa. Therefore, thinking about black Europeans or...
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Being a European black person: a case study on the role of the urban space of Prague and Paris and current challenges.
Bilembo Adja, Lourdes Peggy Armelle ; Kovářová, Linda (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee) ; György, Eszter (referee)
and Keywords "In the World through which I travel, I am endlessly creating myself." - Frantz Fanon In this thesis, one of my first aims, among others, is to discuss and put in perspective the different levels of identification that can coexist and contribute to the creation of a person. I want to understand the impact and the role played by the city in one's identity-building process by studying the self-perception of visibly black people in Prague and Paris. Why did I decide to work on blackness within the European context? I decided to work on blackness for many reasons, one being that blackness as much as whiteness are social constructs. However, when whiteness has a history of multiplicity, and white people are being granted individuality, blackness, on the other hand, is often seen as an encompassing term. Black people are perceived as a monolithic social group in every sense of the word, sharing the same history and past across the globe. It is because of the peculiarity of blackness, which is seen as a factor of global identity that I wanted to study that topic within Europe. Working on blackness in Europe is working on a topic that would look like an oxymoron. Indeed, Europe is associated with whiteness, and blackness is associated with Africa. Therefore, thinking about black Europeans or...
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Open Air Museums: Representing Ethnography and History, Interacting with Heritage
Bernardot, Hélène ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Sonkoly, Gábor (referee) ; Turgeon, Laurier (referee) ; Gauvin, Jean-François (referee)
TITLE Representing History and Ethnography, Interacting with Heritage Analysing Museological Practices at the Huron-Wendat Museum ABSTRACT This master thesis is an analysis of the current specific actions on representation and interaction taken in contemporary ethnographic museums. The aim is to highlight museology pathways used to represent local indigenous culture and to explore how the public is involved with and relates to these specific discourses on heritage. Special attention will be devoted to the study of the shift of museums from authoritative places of education to socially inclusive spaces. The mission of heritage professionals in terms of representation will be analysed, as well as their work on the notions of accessibility and involvement for and with the public. The Huron-Wendat Museum in Wendake, Québec, serves to investigate these museum practices. Drawing from thorough fieldwork and extensive secondary literature, this master thesis will further probe the prevailing notions of identity, continuity and unity of the new museology in a postcolonial context. KEYWORDS ethnographic museums; new museology; cultural heritage; representation; interaction; social inclusion; First Nations; postcolonialism
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