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"Wind of Change". A Contribution to the Development of the British Empire under the Government of the Prime Minister Harold Macmillan (1960-1963)
Schejbalová, Dominika ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
In this bachelor thesis I analysed the final part of the decolonization the British Empire. I focused on the development under the second government of the Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in 1960 - 1963. His "Wind of Change" speech was at the beginning of a new approach to British colonial policy. I analysed the most important events in the process of decolonization the British Empire. I concentrated to the countries that become independence from the Great Britain in these years (1960 - 1963). The Macmillan's wind of change blew through not only Africa, but also through other continents. The British way wasn't simple. Great Britain proved (in the contrast to France and other colonial powers) the excellent diplomacy. After the Second World War the British Empire was unsustainable and the British statesmen knew it. Bloody fights and wars wasn't solution. The Mau Mau Rebellion is the best evidence and the Great Britain learned a lesson from this political fail. In this thesis I analysed that the gradual and calm decolonization was the best method of political abdication in the colonies. It showed the political, cultural and diplomatic level of the Great Britain. British relations with ex-colonial countries stayed relatively good and they often continued in the economic cooperation. Most of British...
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Development of bilateral relations: Cambodia and the Czech Republic
Puklová, Anna ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to describe the development of bilateral relations between the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Czech Republic and factors which have an influence on this development. Official cooperation between these two states started in 1956. The development of Czech-Cambodian relationship was heavily influenced by two historical turns - the rule of Khmer Rouge in the 1970s in Cambodia and the fall of Communism in Czechoslovakia in 1989. This thesis deals with development of concrete relationship on descriptive level. The descriptive level is followed by the comparison of the development after two historical turns mentioned previously. The thesis compares events after which the renewal or transformation were necessary, factors which influenced these periods, how the relation was renewed and concrete examples of cooperation. This comparison tells us that the development after the two turns went in almost the same direction, historical turns mainly left marks in the first few years after the event. It is not possible to compare the first steps in cooperation after the role of Khmer Rouge and after the fall of Communism.
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Burden-Sharing in NATO: A Discourse Analysis
Šamonil, Ondřej ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis analyzes the phenomenon of NATO burden-sharing. Due to late security crises in Europe, such as Crimea crisis, the never-ending alliance issue has been encased in new dynamics. This new dynamics supposedly threatens the long preserved status quo and can even lead to the breakup of the alliance. The thesis uses methodological framework prescribed by Lene Hansen. This framework draws heavily on work from David Campbell and his Writing Security. For the successful analysis, we first designate our inter-textual governmental field in which we then try to observe the repeating ideational/argumentative norms of the respective discursive actors in the alliance. We also divide our research field into two time units: the 1990s era and events after 9/11. Interpretation of the behaviour of certain members shows establishment of a several interconnected centres of argumentation, which somehow coincides with the three largest European members of NATO. The thesis also shows, that these argumentative actors tend to transform their argumentative structures along with the changing environment and context. For better understanding, the work encompasses the short-term, intensive burden-sharing situations, like NATO interventions, but also debates on long-term institutional solutions, which are mostly seen...
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Dual Securitization of Public Space in Relation to Sport Mega Events
Svitková, Katarína ; Hynek, Nikola (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
The objective of this study is to examine security measures in cities hosting sports mega events. Using International political sociology as a theoretical background, I argue that city spaces undergo what I refer to as dual securitization. I identify four principal characteristics of security measures which have become globally standardized and which I consider illiberal: exceptionalism, surveillance, militarization and urban restrictions. In the case studies, I explore how these measures were justified and employed during the Olympic Games or the FIFA World Cup in Beijing, South Africa, London and Rio de Janeiro. Despite some differences which are due to local realities, I argue that the approaches of the principal stakeholders in the four cities are very much alike. Regardless of the type of political regime or the degree of socio-economic development, exceptionality of mega events serves as an impetus for wide-scale and profound surveillance and militarization of contemporary cities. In the process, securing public spaces and urbanites comes at the expense of individual liberties.
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Caspian Gas Supplies: An Oportunity of EU Energy Diversification?
Temirbulatova, Diana ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Today, energy security is a thorny issue for the European Union: levels of energy consumption are growing rapidly, while indigenous reserves are diminishing. The European Union seeks to diversify its energy suppliers, because overdependence on single supplier can undermine its energy security. Russia, the major supplier of gas to the EU, has demonstrated itself as unreliable energy supplier as a result of 2006 and 2009 disruptions. The Caspian region is seen as one of the options of gas supply diversification, and therefore the EU is making efforts to create pipeline route to supply Caspian gas bypassing Russia. Some European politicians agree that creation of such pipeline route could help Europe to lower dependence its dependence on gas supplies from Russia, and enhence European energy security. According to plan, the route should consist of three pipelines: TCGP, South Caucasus pipeline and Nabucco. The present research aims to define, whether the idea of Caspian gas supplies to the EU could contribute to European energy security and EU energy diversification. Given the confusion between those who predict that successful implementation of TCGP and Nabucco projects would guarantee better energy security for Europe and those who has doubts that construction of an energy bridge over the Caspian Sea can ever...
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The policy of the United States in the Indian Subcontinent and their mediation potential in the Indo-Pakistani conflict
Kubini, Kamila ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
The main aim of the thesis "The policy of the United States in the Indian subcontinent and their mediation potential in the Indo-Pakistani conflict" is to assess the essence of the US-Indian and US-Pakistani foreign agendas a the influence of interaction among these countries on the state of Indo-Pakistani relations. The conflict between India and Pakistan is one of the most durable conflicts in the world and it has regularly proved resistant to resolution. The strengthening of the US ties with these countries has inspired certain optimism pertaining to their mediation potential in the conflict. This diploma thesis seeks to capture the content of US-Indian and US-Pakistani relations, comprehend their nature, and identify the position of the Indo-Pakistani conflict resolution in their agenda. It argues, that the Indo-Pakistani conflict resolution represents an important part of their agendas with Washington and that the US have acquired sufficient potential and are interested enough to at least partial influence this matter.
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The Final Externalization of the Others and its Consequences for the Turkish Foreign Policy
Chvátal, Viktor ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of Turkish Foreign Policy (TFP) towards the sub- regions of Central Eurasia (the Middle East and Central Asia) in the period between 1991 and 2010. Theoretically, this thesis combines a modified version of social constructivism with the assumptions of critical geopolitics. Interconnecting social constructivism with the Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA), this thesis targets the domestic level of analysis. Therefore, the ideational background of the decision-makers is examined. Although, the potential impact of the identity variable on the TFP articulation is investigated after 1991 only, the genesis of the long-term identity conflict within the Turkish (Ottoman) society is also included in the analyses. Given the geopolitical part, this thesis draws upon the basic critical insight that the geopolitical argumentation is based on discursive rather than material factors. The aim is to identify the geopolitical metaphors which had been, in the examined period, applied while dealing with the above mentioned sub-regions. At this stage, the theoretical approaches are logically synthetized and the genesis and usage of the geopolitical metaphors is examined in relation to the identity of those who formulated them. This diploma thesis proves that the identity conflict...
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The Threat of the Islamic State Terrorism in the Middle East and Beyond
Imanov, Toghrul ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Bibliographic note Author. ISIS: Terrorist state or terrorist organization . 65 p. Master thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Economic and Political Studies. Supervisor. Abstract The thesis deals with the investigation of the terrorist activities run by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), an entity in the Middle East which is commonly referred to as a terrorist organization. By evaluating the activities run by ISIS in the seized territories, the organization of civil governance and public administration in them, the investigation of the propaganda model applied by ISIS for attracting new members from around the globe, and the analysis of the main sources of funding used by the Islamic State, the author proves that ISIS significantly differs from classical terrorist organizations, and therefore might be assigned the status of a terrorist state. Abstrakt Diplomová práce se zabývá. Keywords Insurgency, ISIS, Islamic State, propaganda, terrorism. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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NATO-Russia Relationship after the Annexing of Crimea from Nuclear Weapons Perspective
Flajšhans, Ludvík ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The aim of this work is to determine the influence of nuclear weapons possession in 1) Russia's foreign policy in the Ukraine crisis, 2) relations between NATO and Russia. For this purpose the work monitors the development of NATO - Russia relations from the Budapest memorandum until present. The work also creates typology of russian signalling activities based on the theoretical basis of the nuclear deterrence conceptions and especially on the models of crisis signalling, which is closely linked to these conceptions. After monitoring these activities the work concludes that Russia is indeed using threats of nuclear weapons employment in the framework of it's attitude towards Ukraine crisis and also the intensity of signalling shows similar development as the relations with NATO.
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Nagorno Karabakh: Ethnopolitics and geopolitics of conflict
Ditrych, Ondřej ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the relationship between ethnopolitics (defined by a raised demand of political autonomy for a community delimited along ethnical lines) and geopolitics (spatial definition and pursuing of national interests, determined by power) in what is one of most serious conflicts in post-Soviet space - Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. Structure of the thesis is dialectical. Firstly, it defines terms such as conflict, conflict resolution or security, which will be used in the rest of the paper. Then, the conflict is placed into a spatial context, be it in its physical/material or spiritual/historical dimension. An effort is made to contextually embed Nagorno- Karabakh into the region of South Caucasus - whose politics has for centuries been shaped by conflicting interests of great powers - and to present a detailed projection of the disputed territory; not merely that of Nagorno-Karabakh itself, but also that of adjacent raions, whose total area is almost double in comparison. The main argument of this section is that the value of Nagorno-Karabakh rests not in the material realm - a dispute over "scarce resources" - but rather in the spiritual one, for is is perceived by the parties to the conflict as a "territorialization of national memory", or a constitutive element...
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