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Situation of the Surrealist Subject
Svěrák, Šimon ; Zuska, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filosofická fakulta katedra estetiky Diploma thesis Šimon Svěrák Situation of the Surrealist Subject (abstract) 2012 thesis supervisor: prof. PhDr. Vlastimil Zuska, CSc. Abstract This thesis focuses on the situation of a substantial subject in the historical development of the surrealist experience and confronts it with our original postmodern interpretation of thoughts of early Marx. The surrealist consciousness is based on a dialectical opposition between rational and irrational elements of cognitive processes. André Breton apprehends this dialectics under the perspective of love life and relates it to values of love, freedom and poetry. Nevertheless, this conception changes in the immanent development of the surrealist consciousness from Breton over the work and thoughts Salvador Dalí and Mikuláš Medek to Vratislav Effenberger. Effenberger removes positive values from surrealism and puts emphasis on the critical functions of the irrational. On the psychological field, all these ideas are based on the conception of the unconscious which means there is the substantial approach in them. Our critical interpretation of Marx shows, that the surrealist concept of subject is in the contradiction with its substantial determination. The subject has to be perceived as the essential...
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Denis Dutton's cluster definition of art
Kyjacová, Natália ; Kubalík, Štěpán (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis focuses on Denis Dutton's cluster definition of art, its critique and possible defence in the context of evolutionary aesthetics. The main theme that accompanies the thesis is the connection between the evolutionary origins of art and its definition today. After an introductory presentation of evolutionary aesthetics' approaches to the search for the origin and definition of art, the central section is devoted to Dutton's cluster theory. This is presented from two perspectives - against the background of his understanding of the Darwinian-inspired concept of art, that is, based on natural and sexual selection, and against the background of Berys Gaut's original cluster theory. Dutton's theory has faced criticisms of the normative universalism that his evolutionary theory has the potential to set up, the subjectivity regarding antipathy to modern art, and the over-openness of the cluster. The thesis will attempt to evaluate the critique and to clarify whether Dutton succeeds in advocating a link between the origins of art and its modern definition. Keywords: Denis Dutton, evolutionary aesthetics, darwinism, adaptation, cluster theory, definition of art.
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Theory of Metaphor and Contemporary Art
Magidová, Markéta ; Dadejík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee) ; Fulková, Marie (referee)
Title: Metaphor and Contemporary Art Author: Mgr. et MgA. Markéta Magidová Department: Department of Aesthetics Supervisor: Mgr. Ondřej Dadejík, Ph.D Abstract In my dissertation I present arguments for the validity of the aesthetic conception of art (a conception based on the notion of aesthetic experience) also in relation to the development of art movements in the last half century. I do so on the basis of an interpretation of the aesthetic dimension of art through art theory as an extended concept of metaphor. I argue that it is the living metaphor that functions in works of (not only) contemporary art as their aesthetic model. I elaborate this idea through the interconnection of three convergent and currently influential concepts: Paul Ricoeur's hermeneutic theory of living metaphor, Martin Seel's aesthetics of appearing, and Alva Noë's theory of art as a strange tool. I lay out the key conditions and characteristics of the process of the emergence of metaphorical meaning and then relate these to the characteristics of artistic appearance. In the perspective of art as living metaphor, the myths and misunderstandings between aesthetics and artistic practice caused by the transformation of artistic production, especially with the advent of the neo-avant-gardes, persisting to the present day, can be...
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Deleuze and Communication. Rhizom as a Model of Artistic Communication
Sluková, Tereza ; Fišerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Michalovič, Peter (referee) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
In this work, I examine the hypothesis that the territorial nature of a work of art, as defined by Gilles Deleuze, provides the lexicon for the establishment of artistic communication. Confronted with Deleuze's critical grasp of the notion that communication is creative, we are required to rethink the positions of interpretation and representation in experiencing artwork. This effort commences with the proposal of a communication model based on the qualitative aspects of communication that support the semiotic nature of artistic creation. Thus, it can be established that the communicative essence of art is not based on the transmission of a specific meaning, but rather an emphasis on the affective plane of sharing. Such shift presupposes the fusion of the individual roles of the functionality of the communication scheme and the focus on the performative level of reception. Keywords: Deleuze, communication, art, map, performative reception
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To thin from psychedelic experiences - a transdisciplinary interpretation
Pokorný, Vít ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Horák, Miroslav (referee) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
Pokorný, V., To think from psychedelic experiences. Transdisciplinary interpretation. Diseration Thesis, Departement of General Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities, Charles University Prague, 2016 Abstract: The goal of this text is to think from and according to psychedelic experiences. To think from psychededic experiences means to introduce a transdisciplinary model of psychedelic domain. This model is based on autoethnographic, cognitive, phenomenological and psychopharmacological types of analysis. These analyses allow to demonstrate: 1) place of psychedelics in contemporary globalised czech society; 2) possible heuristic (theoretical and experiemental) value of psychedelic experience for understanding human situation. This text interprets psychedelic experience as a process of deteritorialization and reteritorialization that occurs on different, intertwinned levels of our experience, and, thus, it is a contribution to explication of a philosophical concept of intertwinning. Keywords: psychedelic experience, transdisciplinarity, autoethnography, cognitive anthropology, anthropology of experience, enactivism, phenomenology, embodiment, analogy, intertwinning
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The Garden as an Aesthetic Object
Svobodová, Lucie ; Dadejík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kaplický, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis is centred around the problematics of a garden as a unique aesthetic object. First, it will define what is considered an aesthetic object, and try to define and set boundaries for the term garden. Gardens are in their essence very ambivalent, because they are a fusion of nature and human activity. This thesis will therefore introduce arguments for placing gardens in the same category as nature or art (a human product that is created intentionally and consciously). It will then pose the question if gardens can be considered art, as well as how to aesthetically appreciate a garden. Finally, the thesis will try to answer the question "can gardeners be considered artists?" and how we should be reflecting the process of art - or garden - creation, so that we could consider gardeners artists. The objective of this thesis is to describe the uniqueness of a garden as an aesthetic object, and introduce its unique qualities. Keywords Garden, aesthetic object, art, nature, environmental aesthetics, aesthetic experience
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Ruin as an aesthetic object
Všetečková, Anna ; Dadejík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kubalík, Štěpán (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on ruins as specific aesthetic objects. The thesis will first remind us about the beginning and rise of aesthetic interest in ruins in the eighteenth and nineteenth century, which mainly stems from the category of picturesque, which was prominent in this period of time. The first part of the thesis mainly focuses on the theory of Sir Uvedale Price, who discussed ruins in terms of picturesque. This part also looks at historical changeability of ruins and the approach to them. Next the thesis discusses ruin as an object. This entails analysis of the defining trend of the term ruin in dictionaries as well as in texts written by authors interested in the aesthetics of ruins. The aim of this part is to create a unique definition of the term ruin. After creating this definition, the text continues by discussing ruin as an aesthetic object. A ruin is in terms of its value a complexly structured object and outlining this value structure is the aim of this thesis. This part therefore focused on discussing elements, which the ruins consist of and which together play a major role in constituting an aesthetic object. What is absolutely essential for ruin is unity. This part also talks about senses, the relationship of a ruin and nature and ruin's temporal dimension. The last...
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Modern Literature and Myth in Jan Patočka's Conception
Vydrová, Tereza ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to draw attention to the specific position of modern literature in the context of Jan Patočka's thinking on the relation between myth and literature. In this context, we note that Patočka identifies two epochs: "artistic" (19th century art) and "aesthetic" (modern art). Patočka argues that modern art is characterized by the expression of freedom and expression of the subjective sense, while for the artistic epoch is a typical mythical and religious sense. We will focus on the issues that this definition relates to - the presence of myth in modern literature and the expression of freedom in pre-modern art. We will address these problems in the background of Patočka's theory of resonance, theory of historicity, and three basic life moves. Key words modern literature, myth, meaning of life, writer, freedom, resonance, historicity, life movements, movement of truth, phenomenology
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The Aesthetic Dimension of playing Videogames
Rubášová, Veronika ; Dadejík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hadravová, Tereza (referee)
The Aesthetic Dimension of playing Videogames Abstract The Thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part follows the beginning of the discussion which considers computer games as Art. Selected theories are analyzed and critically reviewed. Specifically, these are theories considering the emotional potential of games, their narativity, or their cluster definition. In the second part are computer games seen as aesthetic experiences. In a short diversion the similarities between computer games and sport are shown. Also the role of winning and rules is contemplated. Subsequently, John Dewey's theory is used to interpret the phenomenon. The text is interwoven with examples of old and current computer games. Key words: Videogames, Aesthetics of Everyday life, New Media Art, an Experience, Pragmatism, John Dewey
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Landscape As a Way of Seeing and Its Critique
Pátek, Filip ; Dadejík, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kaplický, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with landscape as a way of seeing, its critique and its defense. The thesis will initially focus on the presentation of the critical concept of ways of seeing by English art critic and writer John Berger. On the basis of this, the thesis will move to the exploration of the critical concepts of landscape and landscape painting by British humanistic cultural geographer Denis E. Cosgrove and American visual theorist and philosopher W. J. T. Mitchell. Subsequently, it will also deal with the relationship of these concepts to the concept of landscape by English historian and art historian Simon Schama. Cosgrove and Mitchell both deal in a similar way with the critical reflection of the idea of landscape in terms of postmodern and postcolonial criticism. Both authors are influenced by Berger's concept and claim that our aesthetic perception of landscape is not a natural vision, but an acquired, historically created way of seeing. This way of seeing then raises a number of questions in relation to the traditional conception of landscape aesthetics and can lead to a rethinking of traditional concepts such as aesthetic attitude, psychical distance or the idea of disinterested pleasure. Opposite to it, the thesis intends to present an optimistic concept of landscape by Schama. The...
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