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Slums as a result of urbanization of poverty in Africa
Černá, Karolína ; Sládek, Jan (advisor) ; Duffková, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of slums in Africa with a focus on its eastern region. First part presents information on the fundamental aspects of this issue in theory line, when primarily uses foreign publications. It specifically focuses on the influence of post- colonialism, the process of urbanization and the incidence of slums. Second part illustrates the situation on the example of slums in Nairobi and Addis Ababa. Its main purpose is to show the quality of life of local population. Analysis is performed by the three studies; one refers to Nairobi and two Addis Ababa. It also seeks to answer the research questions that are listed at the beginning of this part. Overall results suggest that local people live in very poor conditions which do not provide adequate housing, access to infrastructures and education, and the unemployment rate is very high. Keywords Urbanization, poverty, slums, inequality, capital
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Legal penalties for unfair competition
Černá, Karolína ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Liška, Petr (referee)
Legal Penalties for Unfair Competition As the unfair competition has become the part of business due to the fact that businessmen are trying to achieve the profit, it is necessary to set up legal rules and restrictions to assure the fair competition, i.e. competition without unfairness and negative effect on functionality of the economic competition. The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyse legal penalties of unfair competition especially in Czech legal order by means of interpretation of affected legal provisions together with judicature of the Supreme Court and other courts. First part of the thesis concerns theoretical scope of legal concepts concerning the unfair competition. The second chapter deals with active and passive legitimacy of subjects according to the Commercial Code. Both chapters give the theoretical framework for the whole thesis. The core of the diploma thesis is the third and fourth part, whereas the third part concerns the means of protection against unfair competition which are divided into several groups according to the law in which they are regulated (private law, public law divided into administrative and penal law, European law) and focuses on private law with using rich judicature of Czech courts. The fourth part regards specific procedural institutes that are...
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Electromigration behaviour of polyelectrolyte-ionic surfactant complexes and block copolymer vesicles
Černá, Karolina ; Zusková, Iva (advisor) ; Dubský, Pavel (referee)
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is not only a widely used analytical separation method, but it is also an important technique for determining physico-chemical parameters of materials. Significant use is also in the characterization of potentially interesting macromolecular substances. In this master's thesis, CZE was applied to the study of polyelectrolyte−oppositely charged ionic surfactant complexes. For the first studied complex formed by poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(sodium methacrylate) and surfactant N- dodecylpyridinium chloride, the electrophoretic mobility of surfactant depending on the ratio of surfactant concentration in the sample to the concentration of polyelectrolyte present in the background electrolyte was measured. However, we did not get the significant decrease in mobility as was predicted in the literature based on measuring the ζ-potential. This can be explained by the low stability of the complex in an electric field. The second system, the polyelectrolyte−surfactant complex of cationic−neutral hydrophilic block copolymer poly[3,5-bis(trimethylammoniummethyl)-4-hydroxystyrene iodide]-block-poly(ethylene oxide) and surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, could not be characterized using conventional CZE experiments described. The reason was probably due to a strong interaction of...
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Environmental impact assessment of projects
Černá, Karolína ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
The topic of this thesis is Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). This is a very significant cross-sectional and preventive environmental protection tool. Its purpose is to identify as soon as possible any probable averse environmental impacts of presented project proposals. The whole process is led by a competent state offices. Necessary expert participants of the procedure are so-called "authorized persons" supplying specific technical studies on which the impact assessment is made. Another important factor, public participation, helps to improve efficiency of the EIA process. The whole procedure results in so-called Statement, which should define necessary conditions for the implementation of the project in effort to minimize negative impacts. If the project proposal is unacceptable under any circumstances it can not be given a consent to implement it and the statement must reject it. Conclusions formulated in the Statement serve as a basis for administrative decisions on project approval. Given the considerable breadth of the thesis topic it is focused on several key tasks, namely to provide a comprehensive explanation of the legal development of the EIA process, to analyze its current legislation and mapping legal rules of public participation in the EIA process. The following section...
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The Analysis of Reforms of Pension System in Poland (1990-2014)
Černá, Karolína ; Brabec, Petr (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
This thesis deals with the Polish pension system and its reforms in 1990-2014. The old pension system in Poland was instable and unsatisfactory in many ways, it was therefore necessary to reform it. The reform started in the beginning of 1999 and together with it, the new pension system started. However, the pension system was implemented hastily and many things were ill-conceived and non-functioning, therefore, this system was changed in many ways during the next years, including two reforms, and thus in 2011 and 2014, that primarily reduced the second funded pillar of the pension system, created newly in 1999. The thesis further deals with the development of open pension funds' evaluation in the second pillar of the Polish pension system in 1999-2011, where it is concluded, that the amount of evaluation, presumed by the reform's authors in 1999, is almost identical with the real amount for the monitored period.
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Management of destination and its practical application in the area of Pec pod Sněžkou
Černá, Karolína ; Tyslová, Irena (advisor) ; Kouba, Vojtěch (referee)
The aim of this paper is an evaluation of destination's management in particular czech tourist destination. The paper begins with the theoretical part which explains basic relations and issues in management of destination. Such information is then applied in the practical part on destination Pec pod Sněžkou. It begins with the introduction of the destination. Afterwards are described main subjects, form of their cooperation and results of their activities. The deduction of the paper features an evaluation of destination and it's management and recommendations to the future.
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The Relationship between International and European Law
Černá, Karolína ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Pospěchová, Lucie (referee)
The Diploma Thesis deals with the relationship between International and European law in the context of actual events. The main aim is to analyse this relationship on the particular case of Yassin Abdullah Kadi by means of the wide scale of expert opinions and discussions. The main aim will be achieved through several partial aims (theoretical definition of essential conceptions relating to the theme, description of particular UN resolutions and their implementation into European law, analysis of the judgements of EU judicial authorities in the Kadi case).
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