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Parental considerations and decision-making in the area of postponement of school attendance
Geberlová, Kateřina ; Viktorová, Ida (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of postponement of school attendance from the perspective of parents. The thesis is divided into three parts - theoretical, methodological and analytical. The theoretical part defines the kindergarten as the first facility that the child and his parents meet. It shows additional activities - speech therapy care, stimulation program, psychological and pedagogical diagnostics. It defines terms such as school readiness, school maturity and delay in school attendance. The last chapter frames the kindergarten from the point of view of the overall system of education in the Czech Republic. In the methodological part, the goal of the research, the research questions are presented. How the data will be interpreted. To obtain them, a semi-structured interview was used with eight parents who either decided to delay school attendance or their child properly entered the first grade. The data is then interpreted in the analytical part. The data is divided into two groups and then compared. The aim of this work was to capture the manner, variants, directions in which parents consider the skills of their child in relation to the start of the first grade, his readiness to successfully manage the transition to the next level of education. In addition, the aim was to map the...
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Women's experiences with prenatal loss in the first trimester of pregnancy
Lišková, Tereza ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The aim of the rigorous thesis was to describe and analyse the experiences of women with prenatal loss in the first trimester of pregnancy. The data for the empirical part of the qualitative design was obtained through an electronic document in which the informants answered open-ended questions by writing. The research sample consisted of 17 informants who had experienced spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of their wanted pregnancy and had not yet had any children. The data collected were analysed using qualitative methods and the women's experiences were described and interpreted using grounded theory. Women's experiences were explored in several areas: experiencing abortion, loss and grief, needs, sharing, social environment reactions, protective factors and coping with the loss. Women's experiences of spontaneous abortion included mainly shock, sadness, fear, anger, guilt and feelings of failure. Many women experienced miscarriage as the death of their baby and grieved for it. Women needed to be treated with empathy and respect by those close to them and by health professionals. In particular, they perceived reactions and advice downplaying the significance of their loss as negative. The opportunity to share their experience with the wider community was very important to some women,...
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The sources of happiness of seniors living in a retirement home
Kovalová, Diana ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the happiness of seniors living in a nursing home. It focuses primarily on what are the core and main sources of happiness that people in a nursing home draw upon. As the population grows older, issues of care and happiness in the elderly are becoming more and more pressing and important, when it is a topic that will one day have an effect on everyone. It is therefore important to explore this area in more detail and to find out the main areas of people's lives where they really feel happy and help them to cope with the difficult moments that old age and the decline of strength bring with it (poorer health, diminishing social ties, depression, fear of death, etc.). Last but not least, there is an effort to show how much the environment in which the elderly live has an impact on them and how important it is to improve the quality and care of retirement homes to maximise the satisfaction of the people who live there. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part introduces the topic of old age and ageing. How the period of old age is periodized, what are the manifestations of ageing and how the individual adapts to this period. Then there is the topic of happiness, its characteristics, concept and what are its sources. Last but not least, there are...
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Balancing openness in parents' communication with young children
Večeřová, Eliška ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Viktorová, Ida (referee)
The thesis aims to explore a phenomenon observed among some contemporary parents: openness in communication with their young children is an important value for them, but on several topics they hesitate whether it is also appropriate in this case or modify it in some way. Based on a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with parents of preschool children, the work provides a concrete description of how parents balance their openness in communication about sex, Baby Jesus, death and war, relationships and emotions, as well as in parenting. Subsequently, it presents the common patterns of this balancing across communication topics, describes the motivations, boundaries and barriers to parents' openness in communication, and shows the role of the parent's experience and factors on the child's side. It also describes interpersonal balancing with partners, grandparents and in the context of society. KEYWORDS open communication, balancing openness, parents, preschool children, communication about sex, communication about death, communication about relationships and emotions, open communication in upbringing, upbringing
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Children from institutional and temporary foster care in a new home through the eyes of substitute parents
Zdražilová, Elen ; Novotná, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This work deals with the comparison and in-depth analysis of some psychological aspects (especially problematic of attachment) in children currently living in foster care or adoption with experience in two types of early care - institutional care and foster care for a temporary period during the first year of life. The investigated areas were manifestations of attachment and significant manifestations of behavior, experience and relationality in these children. The aim of the work was to compare the effect of both forms of care on the psyche of the child and the deeper connections between the observed phenomena. The research was conducted in the form of qualitative semi-structured interviews with foster parents or adopters of the children under investigation. The results of the research show that investigated children from the temporary foster care, despite the often unsatisfactory quality of care provided, have more favorable manifestations in most of the investigated areas than children from institutional care, and they retain the ability to establish an intimate relationship with the caregiver. However, children show higher levels of anxiety and uncertainty. The investigated children from institutional care showed signs of impaired emotional attachment and other difficulties in behavior and in...
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The process of becoming a mother: Changes in first-time mothers' experiences of motherhood before and after childbirth
Martinčíková, Lucie ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the experiences of first-time mothers in the process of becoming a mother, and their changes in experiencing motherhood before and after childbirth. The theoretical part contains six main chapters that address the main issues of motherhood from the perspective of existing research studies and academic literature. The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe first-time mothers: experience of motherhood and experiencing the process of becoming a mother. A qualitative design was chosen for the research purposes. The data collection method consisted of conducting semi-structured interviews. Six pregnant women - first-time mothers - were selected for the research population and two interviews were conducted with them, one of which took place before the childbirth and the other after the childbirth. Data analysis was performed based on interpretive phenomenological analysis of the text. The result of the thesis is a comprehensive description of topics related to motherhood. The research results show that the process of becoming a mother is undoubtedly a unique and non-transferable experience. The research expands the awareness of the factors that influence the experience of motherhood and maps the key areas of possible changes during the period of motherhood. Significant...
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Aspects of cooperation between school psychologists and the Authority for Social and Legal Protection of Children
Koutná, Tereza ; Kučerová, Olga (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The thesis deals with the aspects of cooperation between school psychologists and the Authority for Social and Legal Protection of Children (OSPOD). The theoretical part of the thesis describes the work content of both school psychologists and OSPOD workers and defines their mutual cooperation, including the legislative framework. At the same time, the theoretical part includes information on the common target group of both institutions, the child at risk. The empirical part of the thesis focuses on qualitative research. The research tool is a semi- structured interview. The informants were school psychologists (seven in total) and OSPOD staff (three in total). The main aim of the thesis is to explore the way in which the cooperation between school psychologists and OSPOD is conducted and to identify the critical points of contact between the two institutions. The research shows that there are several key factors which influence the frequency and level of satisfaction with the cooperation. One of these factors is the mutual trust between the institutions, and establishing this trust can be enhanced by personal communication between the representatives of the institutions, for example, through informal or formal meetings where competences and roles in the cooperation process are mutually defined, or...
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