|
|
Smoking as a maladaptive strategy in overweight and obese women
Zdeňková Kroužková, Pavlína ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Introduction: Smoking and obesity (overweight) together represent a significant risk factor for a number of diseases. So far, not much has been published about the effect of weight reduction on smoking. Aim: The aim of the work was to map the most significant risk factors that lead women, tobacco smokers, overweight and obese to maladaptive behavior based on a comparison of a series of case studies. A partial goal was to find out whether compliance with the reduction program does not affect the number of cigarettes smoked. Methods: This is a case series, prospectively followed for three months (December 2022- March 2023), in which 21 female tobacco smoking patients undergoing a weight reduction program were followed. Monitoring the effect of weight reduction on the number of cigarettes smoked was complemented by structured interviews with female respondents on the topic of the most significant risk factors leading to smoking. The results were evaluated using the rapid assessment method. By searching for common psychosocial factors between individual case studies, individual types of clients were supplemented. Sample: The research sample of 21 female smokers was selected using a simple purposive sampling method based on availability and voluntariness. The age composition of the research sample...
|
|
|
Experience of the use of nicotine pouches among the student of secondary grammar school
Kolomazník, Lukáš ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Rolová, Gabriela (referee)
Introduction: In recent years, the tobacco industry has begun innovating novele new nicotine product categories. These include nicotine pouches. These are beginning to appeal particularly to the youth population, which may include secondary grammar school students. Objectives: The aim of the study was to map the experiences of high school students in the Pardubice Region with the use of nicotine pouches. A sub-objective was to determine the prevalence of tobacco and nicotine product use among secondary grammar school students. Methods: Quantitative research was used to obtain the data. The research was conducted using an anonymous online questionnaire survey in the Survio.com platform. The management of the Secondary Grammar School Dašická in Pardubice was approached for the research and agreed to conduct the research among students over 15 years of age. The research was conducted successively in all 16 classes, mostly during the Social Studies classes. Students completed the survey on their smart devices. The questionnaire was divided into four parts. The first part of the questionnaire mapped basic information about the respondents (age, gender, grade), the second part addressed students' awareness of nicotine pouches, the third part mapped the prevalence of tobacco and nicotine pouches use, and...
|
|
|
Tobacco treatment needs analysis among clients and their priority of tobacco cessation intervention in Addiction Treatement Department at Day Care Centre Ondřejov: a questionnaire survey
Hrabovská, Adéla ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze 1. lékařská fakulta Studijní program: Specializace ve zdravotnictví Studijní obor: Adiktologie Bc. Adéla Hrabovská Abstrakt v anglickém jazyce k diplomové práci Mapování potřeb klientů v oblasti léčby závislosti na tabáku na Oddělení léčby závislostí Denního psychoterapeutického sanatoria Ondřejov: dotazníkový výzkum Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Adam Kulhánek, Ph.D., MBA PRAHA 2023 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION - The prevalence of the use of tobacco and nicotine products is higher in the clinical population of dependence treatment services than in the general population, Interventions for tobacco and nicotine use cessation are hardly ever available for the patients. AIM - The aim of the research is to map the needs of the clients of the Addiction Treatment Department in the Day care Psychotherapeutic Sanatorium Ondřejov (hereinafter "DPS Ondřejov") in the area of their tobacco and nicotine use disorder and its treatment. METHODS - This research is an evaluation study, specifically an analysis of the needs among the clients in DPS Ondřejov. It is a questionnaire survey. Data were obtained using a questionnaire consisting of a non-standardized part and the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test. The data were transcribed from the printed questionnaire into electronic form. The descriptive statistic...
|
|
|
Patterns of polysubstance, alcohol and cocaine, use in nightlife setting: Qualitative research
Kazdová, Lucie ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
Background: There is currently an upward trend in the availability and use of cocaine within the European Union. Among recreational users, it is consumed mainly in night-life settings where alcohol is traditionally consumed. Alcohol and cocaine are thus often used simultaneously by nightclubbers which carries significant risks. These users also constitute a 'hidden population'whose characteristics and patterns ofuse havenot yet been sufficiently described. Aims: The aim of the research was to map and describe patterns of concurrent alcohol and cocaine use among selected nightlife participants, providing background information on the context of their use. A sub-objective was to assess the level of risk of alcohol and cocaine use based on respondents' experiences and behaviours in nightlife settings. Methods: Respondents were recruited through social networks and directly in the nightlife environment. Methodologically, it was a combination of non-probabilistic methods of selecting the research population (self-selection, purposive sampling and snowball sampling). The research sample consisted of 14 respondents with whom semi-structured interviews were conducted by several interviewers (triangulation of researchers). The data were analysed by coding them and then creating so-called clusters and...
|
|
|
Motivation to quit smoking among manual workers: research in manufacturing industry
Riegrová, Kateřina ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Kočvarová, Linda (referee)
Background: Smoking cessation is still a debatable topic in addiction services as well as in other circles of the professional public. The use of tobacco products is examined both in clients of addiction services and in the general population. Many studies that deal with the use of tobacco products are focused on specific groups in the general population (e. g. pregnant women, Roma and people in prison). However, if we wanted to focus on the part of the population in the Czech Republic which is specific working in blue-collar professions, we would find a very limited number of resources. Objectives: The main target of the research was mapped the motivation to quit smoking among manual workers who work in industrial production. This goal was mapped through questions that focused on motivational factors, level of motivation to quit smoking, attempts to quit smoking, and reasons for relapse. The secondary goal was to verify the interest of production workers in the employer's smoking cessation support program. The main intention was to find out how many employees would participate in the program if the employer would offer to them. This secondary goal was also related to the mapping of the use of professional services by employees in case they were informed about them. Methods: The research was...
|
|
|
Chewing tobacco usage among high school students
Stehlíková, Kateřina ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
BACKGROUND: Chewing tobacco is a smokeless tobacco product that contains the substance nicotine. Nicotine is an addictive substance and is one of the most commonly used addictive substances in the general population. Secondary school students are a group of young people who may be affected by this tobacco product. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify and map patterns of chewing tobacco use among secondary school students, i.e. whether secondary school students have experience with chewing tobacco and, if so, to what extent they use it. METHODS: Data were collected using a quantitative questionnaire survey designed using the online survey tool Google forms. The questionnaire was featured on the social media platforms Instagram and Facebook. The data collected was further detailed in MS Excel. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 304 respondents participated in the study, of which three respondents were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Thus, the total number of respondents included in the study was 301, of which 231 (77%) were female and 70 (23%) were male. Of the total, 128 (42.5%) respondents reported experience with chewing tobacco. The most common age of first experience was between 15 and 18 years, reported by 92 (71.9%) respondents. 96 (75%) of the 128...
|
|
|
The impact of menthol cigarette ban on the of tobacco use among university students: a questionnaire-based research
Vostřelová, Zuzana ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Background: In May 2016 a ban on cigarette flavorings was introduced among member states of the EU in order to reduce appeal of smoking especially among youth and young adults. Since May 2020, the restriction has been extended to menthol flavored cigarettes. Until then, menthol was one of the most used tobacco flavors. Aims: The main objective of this work is to map and describe patterns of use of tobacco and nicotine products among university students after the ban implementation. The secondary aim is to describe how the product is perceived as well as the attitudes towards the flavoring regulation. Methods: The data was collected through on-line questionnaire survey in the Survio.com platform. The survey was distributed via social media channels including Facebook, Instagram and Discord. The study sample consists of 577 respondents, 307 of which had an experience using menthol cigarettes in their lifetime. The obtained data was imported into MS Excel where it was processed and analyzed using descriptive statistics tools. Results: The results of the study imply that the average consumption of tobacco products is not affected by the ban among 56 % respondents. 12,4 % respondents reported a decline in tobacco usage and 15,0 % reported cessation. As a reaction to the ban implementation nearly one...
|
|
|
Providing counselling for smoking cessation in Prague pharmacies: a questionnaire-based research
Lišková, Michaela ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Schlosserová, Lucia (referee)
Background: Counselling regarding smoking cessation is along with the specialized centers and addictological ambulances also accessible in pharmacies. There are 26 registered as those with specialization in consulting of quitting smoking. Pharmacists who provide this service have to complete guaranteed course from the Czech Chamber of Pharmacists. In the field of addictology, this is currently not really covered topic. Objectives: The main goal of the bachelor thesis was to capture and evaluate the advice of pharmacists in smoking cessation in selected Prague pharmacies. The partial goal of the work was to describe client services in terms of sociodemography and to find the service based on motivation. Methods: In this study, the total selection method was chosen, the selection included all pharmacies in the capital city of Prague (26), which are in the register of pharmacies with smoking cessation counseling listed by the Czech Chamber of Pharmacists. One pharmacy was not included in the research sample as it was unavailable for technical reasons during the data collection period. Respondents who participated in the research were working directly with clients who came to smoking cessation counseling. Data were collected using printed questionnaires. The data collection was obtain between february...
|
|
|
Use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco among primary school pupils in the Central Bohemian Region: a questionaire study
Salavová, Tereza ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
Background: Use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco is on the rise both in the world and Czech Republic. Aforementioned products are often presented as less harmfull alternatives to traditional cigarettes, but an addiction can occur to these products nevertheless. Such devices are furthermore very attractive for adolescent population, which is in high risk of developing an addiction. Objectives: The Main goal of the research is to describe user specifications and an attitude of fifteen-year-old students from the Central Bohemian Region to e-cigarettes and heated tobacco. The sub-goals consist of: describing the way target group use the devices (in terms of where and with whom), answering if the members of the target group owns their personal devices, and means of acquisition of such devices. Methods: The research was carried out through collecting quantitative data via online survey tool. The survey in physical form was also distributed between students of selected schools in Central Bohemian Region. 54 schools were approached with the survey in two waves. Schools for the first wave were pick randomly from a list of schools in the region and with fifteen-year- old students. For the second wave were chosen schools handpicked by author according to traveling distance. Resulted research sample consist...
|
|
|
An Assessment of the Pilot Implementation of the Smoke-free Detoxification Unit at the Department of Addictology: a qualitative study
Benešová Štědrá, Kateřina ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking affects 2,2 million people in the Czech Republic and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of tobacco smoking in addicted patients is 4 times higher than in the general population. Despite the promising evidence of smoking cessation in addicted patients, controversy in tobacco treatment and other drug addictions persists. Unfortunately, a comprehensive approach to improving patients' health and quality of life is rare in clinical practice of Czech detoxification units and hospitals. AIMS: The aim of the theses was to evaluate the current pilot non-smoking operation at the Detoxification Department of the Addictology Clinic of the General Faculty Hospital through the perspective of the Department's treatment team members. To fulfill this aim, research questions focused on the positive and negative perceptions of non-smoking strategies of the patients and staff in the inpatient ward, optimizing the operations of the non-smoking inpatient ward and assessing motivation levels of hospitalized smokers to seek treatment for tobacco dependence. METHODS: Qualitative research methodology was used for data collection and processing, and structured interviews were applied. The sample consisted of 10 respondents from the health care staff of the above...
|
guest ::
