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The applicability of the Chilean pension system in the Czech Republic
Brabec, Petr ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
The Chilean pension reform has been an experiment of great success. Futhermore, thanks to it the current pensions are much higher than they would have been under the old Pay-As-You-Go system. Considering this, I decided to analyze the possible applicability of the Chilean pension system in the Czech environment. In the present diploma thesis I do analyze the potential results (replacement ratio) of the introduction of a fully funded system in the Czech Republic, in comperison with the replacement ratio of the current Czech PAYG system and the modificated Czech PAYG system that would not genarate deficits (through the reduction of pensions) and keep the retirement age same for all variants for the reason of objective comparison. Later, I do analyze the impact to the state budget of the transition to a fully funded system and discuss the advantages of a such transition. The main conclusion of this diploma thesis justifies that the transition to a fully funded system in the Czech Republic is not recommendatory, due to the fact that it requires high state budget funding and there is a great unlikelihood of benefits for all income groups in general.
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Stability of pension system in the Czech Republic in coherence with pension reform
Möstl, David ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
Hardly anyone doubt about the necessity of pension reform nowadays. Opinions how to process the reform differs considerably. The main point of my work is to evaluate preferability of so called opt-out (partial release of financial sources from system based on continuous contribution into fund system) for various income and age groups in order to find out that such measures will not fundamentally threaten stability of pension system in the Czech Republic. Reform changes of pension reform of chosen EU countries are to be characterized in my thesis. I will also evaluate possibilities of aplication of foreign experience in the Czech Republic. The basic methods will be above all the analysis of questionnaire results, mathematical and statistical methods and method of international comparation.
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Federal health care reform in USA
Zeman, Martin ; Kubelková, Karina (advisor) ; Urban, Luděk (referee)
Federal health care reform is one of the most significant reform for several decades. In addition to substantial changes in the functioning of health care the reform also brings change in a way of perception of health care as a whole. In my bachelor work I am going not only to explain reasons which led the administration of Barack Obama to adopt this fundamental change but also I will mention the most significiant shortcomings. The aim of the work is to give a comprehensive view of the reform and also presents public opinion of American citizens about this reform, one year after its adaption. Method of examination is a critical comparison and appreciation of facts and datas.
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Solidarity nad Social Justice in Society
Kankrlík, Tomáš ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
The paper focuses on the welfare state, which is enjoying the favor on the one hand and facing the strong criticism on the other hand. The work aims to assess the relationship of the social expenditure share in GDP and the GDP growth in the selected European countries, namely Sweden, Germany and Great Britain. Within the solution of this question the work focuses first on the theory of the welfare state and the state intervention approaches applied in the exercise of social policy. Further the work points to the adverse effects of the social policy. In the applied part the paper analyzes the countries in terms of the structure of social expenditures, their share in GDP and the GDP growth in the period. The paper focuses particularly on the relationship of the share of social expenditures in GDP and the GDP growth. In all three cases the demonstration of the dependence of observed variables based on correlation analysis failed. At the conclusion the work provides evaluation of the relationship of the social expenditure share in GDP and the unemployment rate, where the dependence of both indicators was confirmed.
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Indicators of poverty and their construction
Zelenková, Jana ; Kubelková, Karina (advisor) ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (referee)
The thesis concerns issue of the economic growth or income as a sufficient indicator to size up poverty situation and its development. The aim of the thesis is to find poverty measurement possibilities and to describe consequently the differences in results related to the selected indicators. Income inequality index is presented as part of the thesis and also GDP values are emphasized. The thesis also covers practical calculation of Human Development Index (HDI) and Human Poverty Index (HPI). On the basis of empiric values concerning HDI and HPI published in UNDP materials, three EU member states were chosen on which calculation of mentioned indices is demonstrated and compared with situation in the Czech Republic in consequence. Further, differentiation results between HDP and HDI are presented. They point out to the rate at which the economic growth is efficiently used in favour of society that occupies an important position in the process of economic development.
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Social capital and development assistance
Štourač, František ; Chalupníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
Objective of the first part is to find suitable definition of capital. For this reason is here made a brief summary of the history of economic thoughts about capital. Then is selected the proper definition according to previously defined requirements and criteria. Second part is based on the formerly founded definition of capital, which then helps to clarify the social capital definition. Moreover are in this following part analyzed main contributions to this topic. The final part focuses on the role of social capital in the development assistance. Here are described not only the results of the Official development assistance, but also some alternative approaches. At the end are proved by measuring and comparison the previously obtained theoretical outcomes. These are made on the case of sub-Saharan Africa countries.
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SITUATION OF THE LABOR MARKET IN THE SOUTH MORAVIAN REGION IN THE TIME OF ECONOMIC RECESSION
Máčalová, Pavlína ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
By the end of the year 2007 and the beginning of the year 2008, the financial crisis struck the world market and over time the labor market as well. The thesis focuses on the analysis of establishing the labor market in the South Moravian region by comparing districts Brno-city and Vyskov. In the theoretical part, I explain relevant definitions in the field of labor markets and a definition of economic recession. Next, I discuss the South Moravian region's characteristics, which promote the district's means to resist the recession. I point out its weaknesses in the labor market as well. The practical part compares general indicators of labor markets in the districts Brnocity and Vyskov. The measures used are employment and unemployment rates. Towards the end, the thesis shifts its focus on employment policies. The Active Employment Policy is the main subject of concern in this chapter. Directors of various labor offices commented on the Active Employment Policy and its means of control, which helped clarify some inconsistencies resulting from the statistics.
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WOMEN IN THE LABOUR MARKET - HARMONIZATION OF FAMILY AND WORK LIFE
Urbánková, Petra ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the status of women and opportunities for women in the labour market. The thesis focuses on harmonization of work and family life for women in terms of promoting the use of two concepts in the European labour market: (1) the concept of flexicurity and (2) the concept of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility, also: CSR). The thesis aims to explore the possibility of harmonizing family and work life in the Czech Republic in terms of these two concepts and their degree of usage and their potential future use and enforcement. The situation of women in the labour market and the possibility of reconciling work and family life are a statistical examination of data on the Czech Republic and my own research, which are set in a European context.
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The analysis of succes of the german labour market reform in the context of the economic crisis
Lad, Richard ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Kubelková, Karina (referee)
The thesis is focused on a problem of a high unemployment that is connected with unefficient and uneffective employment policy. The aim of this thesis is to review the possibility of the usage of several types of reforms with highly activating elements on the employment policy in a strong social focused state. First, reforms focused on high quality job programmes made by the employment office; second, programmes dealing with motivation of unemployed persons and, finally, reforms on creating of new working possitions by bussinessmen. An example of such reforms has been presented by the german labour market, which dealt with the problem of high unemployment by a number of radical reforms called Hartz I-IV. The reviews on the recent state of the german employment market made by other authors are very critical to the outcome of these reforms. Ambitions of this thesis are to review the reality of the german labour market in the last decade using the methods of statistically-analytic tools applied on the labour market indicators and to look back to the results of the german labour market during the economic crisis focusing on its stability and flexibility.
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Current position of the Czech secondary vocational education without leaving examination and the possible solutions of its problems
Votavová, Tereza ; Kubelková, Karina (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
This bachelor thesis defines contemporary situation of vocational training (higher secondary education without leaving examination) in the Czech Republic and defines its main problems from the sides of state, firms and potential interested persons in education. The principal aim is offer the conception of 3 types of defined solutions of recent situation -- system alternation, reformation and parametric alternation. The thesis builds on the OECD's paper - OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training, but OECD's solutions are limiting by current paradigm. For the definition of the problem is necessary to describe its background, therefore the theoretical part is fixed on adjustment of the secondary-school's systems of the vocational training in the Czech Republic and in the whole world. The practical part of the thesis as the first analyzes the demand of students and employers in the Czech Republic for vocational skills and shows the preferences of both groups and the involvement of the state. According to ascertained information is explored if there are problem in the vocational training (without the leaving examination), and if is a necessity to solve it. The advantages and disadvantages of the Czech vocational training are analyzed and due to the solutions of the problems can be searching. The impact and influence of the present economic crisis on the standards and position of the vocational training on the educational market is evaluated. At the last is analyzed possible solutions contemporary situation with 3 possible concepts -- alternation with change of all system, alternation of reformation and parametric alternation.
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