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Equivalence and frequency asymmetry in translations from French to Czech
Marianová, Alice ; Duběda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šotolová, Jovanka (referee)
The thesis deals with the specific translatological problem of frequency asymmetry in translation. Frequency asymmetry refers to the situation when equivalents are found in a translation that have an asymmetric frequency compared to the original, which can be a source of markedness. The theoretical framework of the thesis consists of defining the concepts related to frequency asymmetry in translation (equivalence, translation shifts, false friends (faux amis), translation universals, interferences, and markedness) and describing the existing knowledge in the field published by (especially) foreign translatologists and linguists. We also briefly discuss corpus linguistics and its use in translatology, since in the practical part we work with language corpora, specifically with parts of the InterCorp v14 - French, InterCorp v14 - Czech and SYN v10 corpora. In the practical part of the thesis, we use the sub-corpora we have created to investigate the degree of frequency asymmetry not only in translations from French into Czech, but also between untranslated (original) and translated Czech, especially at the lexical level and at the level of collocation. In the practical part, we analysed 100-word pairs (including 31 non- problematic translation pairs, 29 false friends pairs, 26 lexical pairs and 14...
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Football metaphors in Czech and French media and the question of their translation
Tomášková, Lenka ; Šotolová, Jovanka (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
This master thesis deals with the metaphor in the Czech and French media that write about football. It analyses the text corpus which is a compilation of articles and reportages taken from Czech and French newspapers and the internet. Based on the comparison of the parallel samples drawn from the excerpted material, the question of translating the figurative sense is put in the light of the cognitive linguistics which considers the metaphor as a tool for conceptualizing the world. The first part is devoted to the explanation of a theoretical background and thus it integrates the discussed issue in a broader context. The principle of the journalistic functional style with its features and its typical phraseology, including figurative expressions, is presented. Subsequently, the metaphor is treated in the diachronic perspective and then the problem of the metaphor is outlined in the framework of translation studies. In the second part of the work, the main areas from which the football metaphors draw are defined. The analysis of the excerpted material focuses on the comparison of the cases of figurative sense traced in the texts. The data examples are discussed while emphasizing the linguistic-translation aspect. The conclusion summarizes the findings that arise from the analysis and it considers the...
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Pierre Roland François Butet and his Léxicologie latine et française
Nikolovová, Pavla ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
In this work, I analyze the system of lexicology proposed by P. R. F. Butet in 1801. My main goals are to explain the inspiration Butet found in the progress of natural sciences at his time and to point out the originality and modernity of his method. I present Butet's study in its philosophic, scientific and linguistic context; I describe its theoretic background and summarize and comment its main conclusions. In this perspective, I highlight the analogy with Lavoisier's system of chemistry and discuss the reasons for such an unusual inspiration, as well as its consequences. I compare Butet's lexicological system to the modern linguistic theory, showing the similarities which can be found between the two approaches and explaining the differences. My conclusion prove that the analytic tools which Butet invented for the purpose of his study are in principle the same as those used in modern linguistic, although they are introduced under a different name.
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The development of the concept of francophony since the 1960's
Marešová, Andrea ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
This work aims to describe the creation of the francophone territory and the evolution of the concept of francophony which culminated with the foundation of the International Organisation of La Francophonie. The work further presents its institutional structure and outlines its major issues and goals, more precisely goals concerning the defense of the cultural and linguistic diversification which nowadays anticipates a solid economic basis - one of the few imperfections of the Organisation which should be abrogated as soon as possible.
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The substantivised infinitive in French
Švidrnochová, Lenka ; Duběda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Nádvorníková, Olga (referee)
v anglickém jazyce: This bachelor thesis deals with the substantivised infinitive in contemporary French. After defining the basic terms (noun, infinitive and substantivisation) the characteristics of the lexicalized subtantivised infinitives and the related infinitive forms are observed in detail. Both of these categories are analyzed from the semantic, morphological, syntactic and marginally also diachronic perspective with simultaneous consultation of authoritative French grammars, dictionaries and other scholar works. The second part which is the actual focus of the work concentrates on marginally used substantivized infinitives which have not been lexicalised yet. The research is carried out on the basis of the French corpus FRANTEXT.
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The influence of English on French durin the enlightement period
Macourek, Martin ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
This work examines the infiltration of English vocabulary in French language in the enlightenment period - which means in the years 1715-1789. - The starting point is the status of the French language in the enlightenment period as well as in the preceding period that was in the position to influence our examined period. While examining the French language and language policy and attitude that were then in place, we unmistakeably have also to plunge into exploring the first monolingual dictionaries - the French Academy dictionary and other rival monolingual dictionaries. This work drew quite interesting conclusions regarding the influx of anglicisms - namely establishing the second part of the XVII. Century and most notably the years 1469 and 1685 as very important in terms of infiltration of English vocabulary. Nevertheless, the English lexicon can be distinctively found in the French century no earlier than in the XVIII. century and its presence is connected with the very dynamic political, economical and cultural development in the United kingdom. In the context of the XVIII. century, this work focus in particular on interesting - yet sometimes quite unfamiliar - English or French personalities in relation with the transfer of English terms to French language or being connected with the vulgarisation of...
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Commented translation: Vegan (Marie Laforêt, Éditions La Plage, Paris 2014, p. 8-12, 19-27)
Pazderová, Vendula ; Belisová, Šárka (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis consists of a commented translation of chapters selected from the publication Vegan, whose authors, French blogger Marie Laforêt and a nutritionist Jérôme Bernard-Pellet, aim to introduce the issues of veganism. The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts: the translation itself and a following commentary of the translation, in which particular problems during the process of translation are demonstrated.
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Annotated translation: Parlons immigration en 30 questions (F. Héran, 2002, Paříž, pp. 25-45)
Hájková, Uršula ; Duběda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šotolová, Jovanka (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav translatologie Bakalářská práce Uršula Hájková Komentovaný překlad: Parlons immigration en 30 questions (F. Héran, 2012, Paříž, str. 30- 61) Commented translation: Parlons immigration en 30 questions (F. Héran, 2012, Paříž, str. 30- 61) Praha 2015 Vedoucí práce: Doc. PhDr. Tomáš Duběda, Ph.D. Poděkování Tímto bych chtěla poděkovat především vedoucímu práce, doc. PhDr. Tomáši Dubědovi, Ph.D., za trpělivost při výběru výchozího textu a za cenné rady, které mi poskytl během konzultací. Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou práci vypracovala samostatně, že jsem řádně citovala všechny použité prameny a literaturu a že práce nebyla využita v rámci jiného vysokoškolského studia či k získání jiného nebo stejného titulu. V Praze dne 22. května 2015 ........................ Uršula Hájková Abstrakt Tato bakalářská práce se věnuje dílu francouzského demografa Françoise Hérana Parlons immigration en 30 questions.V praktické části nejprve přeložíme vybrané kapitoly této knihy do češtiny. V teoretické části se následně budeme věnovat analýze výchozího textu a komentáři jednotlivých překladatelských problémů a jejich řešení. Klíčová slova překlad, překladatelská analýza, komentovaný překlad, imigrace, emigrace Abstract This bachelor thesis consists of a commented translation...
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