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Footprints as indicators of characteristic features in hominins and anatomically modern humans
Morvová, Zuzana ; Sládek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Makajevová, Eliška (referee)
The work deals with studying footprints of anatomically modern humans and their ancestors - hominins. We compare the footprints of anatomically modern human and chimpanzee Bonobo (Pan paniscus) and we summarize their characteristic features, which we use in determining the originators of the fossil footprints. We observe the connection between the foot anatomy, especially the presence or absence of a foot arch, the style of locomotion and the final shape of the footprint. We further try to find out whether it is possible to estimate walking speed, height and body weight of those who made the footprints. The study focuses on the standard techniques commonly used in footprint researches, but it also summarizes results of the modern methods. In the end we describe the locations of fossil trackways, for example in Laetoli and Ileret. Via the methods above we try to reconstruct the behavior and physical characteristics of the best-known originators of the fossil footprints.
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Vegetation regeneration after removal of invasive plants
Pojslová, Lucie ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Rumlerová, Zuzana (referee)
Invasive plants change local diversity and abundance of native plant species in the invaded area. However, changes are not visible only in vegetation, but also on single levels of abiotic and biotic characteristics of the invaded area. The aim of the thesis is not only to summarize current knowledge about the impact of invasive plants on vegetation, but also point out possible recovery of the vegetation and the direction of its succession after the removal of invasive plants. I present factors which limit the recovery of vegetation and types of management used for control of invasive species. I also describe biology, ecology and invasive history of fringed willowherb (Epilobium ciliatum spp. adenocaulon) which I want to use as a model plant for my future thesis. Finally, I mention experimental methods that are used for studying regeneration of invaded areas and the possibility of using invasive plants for regeneration of degraded soils.
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The role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis
Marková, Lenka ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Verner, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis is focused on the existing data referring to role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of several important diseases. It introduces mitochondrial proteins, their role and metabolism, dysfunction of which is behind pathogenetic processes. The thesis also summarizes possible mitochondrial damage, its progress and consequences, which can lead to diseases or aggravate their process. It also pays attention to the role of mitochondria during oncogenesis as well as important neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or autosomal dominant optic atrophy. The thesis mentions the role of disrupted mitochondrial dynamics in type 2 Diabetes. In conclusion the thesis mentions the role of mitochondria and their damage in relation to infection by the parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma cruzi.
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Transformation and progress of international relationships between Sudetendeutsche landsmannschaft and Czech Republic in 1990-2015
Červená, Sandra ; Nigrin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on activities of Sudetendeutsche landsmannschaft and its influence on czech-german relationships in 1990-2015. Sudetendeutsche landsmannschaft is organization, which covers and defends the interests of German citizens, who were displaced or fled from czech teritory because of world war II. Thesis summarizes most important events, which had an impact on international relationships of Czech republic and Germany. In the first part there are definitions of Sudetenland and Sudeten German, which are the main keys to this thesis. Then I will describe the founding of organisation which represents Sudeten German, structure of this organization and program 20 points. In next chapter I analyze events during years 1990-2015, which begin of the fall of the communism in Czechoslovakia in 1989. Important event for czech-german relationships was completion of Czech-german declaration in 1997. Next chapters are for example about entry of Czech republic to Europen Union, ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon and presidential election in 2013. Great success was speech of prime minister Petr Nečas in Bavarian parliament in 2013, because in next years was changed code of rules of Sudetendeutsche landsmannschaft. The final part is about my hypothesis and about summary knowledge
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The Role of the U.S. in Iraq-Iran War (1980-1988)
Hrabcová, Klára ; Zukerstein, Jaroslav (advisor) ; El-Ahmadieh, Jakub (referee)
The Islamic revolution in 1979 led to the end of the Shah's regime in Iran and the establisment of the Islamic republic. Also, this revolution have had a crucial impact on the foreign policy of the new regime. Under Khomeini's regime, the diplomatic relations with the United States were cancelled. The U.S. lost major ally in the Gulf region and the US influence in the Middle East was threatened. Also, the Islamic revolution led to the deterioration of relations with Iraq, whose leader Saddam Hussein undertook a military intervention to Iran in September 1980. The United States had supported the Iraqi regime from the beginning of the conflict. The main question of this thesis is what reasons led the U.S. to support Hussein's regime, which was seen by the U.S. as hostile regime until the outbreak of this war, and what were the main intentions of the US foreign policy during the conflict. Based on the analysis of the role of the US in this war, this thesis conclude that the main motives for US involvement were the loss of main ally, the fear of spreading the Islamic revolution, and also Soviet influence, and the protection of US oil interests in the region. Furthermore, the thesis analyzes the evolution of American strategy, which was focused on protecting US interests in the region, strengthening its...
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The interaction of lactase persistence and skin depigmentation in connection with the calcium assimilation hypothesis
Grendelová, Gréta ; Černý, Viktor (advisor) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
The most recent genetic studies have proven that skin colour of our European ancestors was originally very dark. Skin depigmentation has begun after "out of Africa" time as a result of low levels of the ultraviolet radiation in changed regions at the higher latitudes. Lightly pigmented skin allows sunlight to penetrate human skin more deeply and vitamin D, which is essential for optimal functions of human body, is synthesised by biochemical interaction of ultraviolet radiation and epidermis. A deficit of vitamin D and calcium may be associated with the rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Following the correlation of rising depigmentation at the higher latitudes we may notice an increasing number of people with specific metabolic ability known as lactase persistence. Lactase persistence allows the digestion of milk sugar, lactose, in fresh milk in adulthood. It has likely evolved as a substitute in order to compensate for lower amounts of vitamin D in human body. The origin and spread of lactase persistence began around 7,000 years ago after the start of milk production. The oldest evidence of milk production was found in the Middle East. Lately, it has also been supported by the recent genetic analyses. Depigmentation and lactase persistence both began as an adaptation due to changed...
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Czech Cross-Border Insolvency Rules in Comparison with the UNCITRAL Model Law
Martiník, Pavel ; Richter, Tomáš (advisor) ; Khymych, Olha (referee)
The Thesis compares UNCITRAL Model Rules on Cross-Border Insolvencies with current Czech legislation. In the first part, it briefly depicts main cross-border insolvency systems, as they were developed by leading scholars. Furthermore, the protocols, as a unique solution to a multinational default are discussed. In the second part, it applies principles of economic approach to law and discusses the pros and cons of the Czech system in comparison to the Model Rules using specific examples. The outcome of the Thesis is analysis of several features the Model Rules and Czech legislation differs. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The growth in importance of the media social networking on the example of the 2015 IIHG Ice Hockey World Championship
Kousal, Kryštof ; Čermák, Miloš (advisor) ; Jirků, Jan (referee)
This bachelor's thesis discusses the media utilisation of social networks such as Facebook and Twitter during a top worldwide sporting event. The theoretical part deals with the new media family, then with Facebook and Twitter, their history and operating principles. Besides the methodology, it also presents the 2015 IIHF World Championship, being the main subject of the social media networking. The content analysis of the social newtorks posts had been chosen as the research method for this thesis. The objective is finding out how these three chosen Czech media - Česká televize, news server iDnes.cz and Deník Sport were using the two social networks to inform the public about the tournament progress. The second goal was to compare the account contents of the three media to the two Czech IIHF Organization Committee channels and find out about the mistakes the media made while posting on social networks. The shovelware phenomenon is analysed extensively as one of the most used negative elements.
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Influence of renewable energy sources on transmission networks in Central Europe
Málek, Jan ; Janda, Karel (advisor) ; Zeynalov, Ayaz (referee)
This thesis focuses on the influence of renewable energy sources on the transmission networks in Central Europe. Firstly, it gives an overview of the power and transmission systems of Central European states. Based on the analysis, three key causes of congestion and instability of the grid are identified. These include (i) insufficient transmission capacity between northern and southern Germany, (ii) Energiewende policy and (iii) existence of German-Austrian bidding zone. To assess the exact impact on the transmission grid, ELMOD model is employed. Two development scenarios for the year 2025 are evaluated on the basis of four representative weeks of the year 2015. The first scenario focuses on the effect of Energiewende on the transmission networks, the second one drops out nuclear phase-out and thus assesses isolated effect of increased solar and wind feed-in. The results indicate that higher feed-in of solar and wind power increases the exchange balance and total transport of electricity between TSO areas as well as the average load of lines and volatility of flows. Solar power is identified as a key contributor to the volatility increase, wind power is identified as a key loop-flow contributor. Eventually, it is concluded that German nuclear phase-out does not significantly exacerbate mentioned problems.
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