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ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN-GERMAN TRADE RELATIONS IN 1933 - 1945
Wachal, Viliam ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with mutual trade between the United States of America and the Third Reich during the years 1933 - 1945 and analyzes the influence of American companies that had their branches or other business interests in Germany during Nazism. The thesis analyzes the international trade and its development between both states in the pre-war period as well as international trade during the war. Thesis deals with the contribution of American companies to the German war economy and analyzes their influence and behavior change after the outbreak of war. The hypothesis on the reduction of business co-operation with the on-going war at state level has been confirmed, just as hypothesis of continuing the cooperation of American firms after the outbreak of war.
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The role of international community in the post-conflict reconstruction and development of Afghanistan during the transition period
Jemelíková, Veronika ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
Security, economic and societal challenges of the 21 century place demands on international community and deepens the need to precisely define this term and its role in the global development as well as the legitimacy of international organization, which often place themselves as representatives of the entire global community. Conflict in Afghanistan and its reconstruction is a great case study of mechanisms, which allow the international community to assess security challenges, apply former experience to respond and prepare for future operations. There are many lessons that can be learned from the case of Afghanistan. This article addresses the successes and failures connected with Afghan reconstruction and stabilization efforts and its impacts on development of the country. The article stresses the negative consequences of the international involvement as well as the deepening dependence of Afghanistan on foreign assistance.
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Defense expenditures financing of the United States of America during World War II
Jurák, Marek ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the financing of war expenditures of the United States of America during Second World War. Thesis starts with a theoretical introduction to fiscal policy which is widely contained throughout the whole thesis. Followed with brief introduction to the economic history of the USA. Beginning with the Roaring Twenties ended by the Great Depression followed with politics of New Deal. The second part introduces the principles of war economy and the instruments which goverment use to affect and finance the economy. Goals of this thesis are to analyze these instruments and find out to what extent were used. The subject of analysis is especially funding through taxation which took a large part of the war financing, but not the majority. Results of this paper indicate that the most of the defense expenditures were financed through debt, mostly by borrowing from the public through purchased war bonds.
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Financing of British war economy in 1939-45
Čermák, David ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on analysis of financing the British war economy during Second World War. The main goal of this thesis is to provide comprehensive view on aspects of financing a war economy in general and to illustrate those aspects on the example of Great Britain. The first part deals with pre-war period with accent on the process of rearmament. The second part defines means of war-time finance in general and then analyses their specific application in Great Britain. This part is also dedicated to comparison of approaches to financing war economy in Great Britain and Germany. The third part concerns specific issues of acquiring American dollars in order to finance government purchases of goods from the United States within boundaries of Cash and Carry doctrine. This part also analyses methods applied to acquiring American dollars and evaluates their importance to the British economy. Part of this thesis is also description of collaboration between Great Britain and United States after adoption of Lend-Lease act. Based on accessible information I answered the main questions about used methods and structure of financing British war finance. Half of the expenditure was met by raised taxation, which relied mostly on income tax. The other half of expenditure was covered by borrowings. The main source of the borrowings were the British citizen`s savings. In order to prevent macroeconomic destabilization the government introduced rationing and income taxes. These steps were successful in limiting demand-pulled inflation. Final analysis of means used to acquire American dollars states that those methods were unsuccessful in providing sufficient amounts of dollars. Therefore the introduction Lend-Lease act was essential to British war effort.
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Financing of german economy in first world war and its influence on post-war economy
Skálová, Ivona ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
In my thesis I am dealing with German monetary policy from 1871 to the 1923. The two main chapters analyze German monetary and fiscal policies and their impact on post-war situation in the country. The third chapter refers to events in the Weimar Republic to the outbreak of hyperinflation. In this thesis I evaluate the regulations and their impact on the state and its economy. My aim is to confirm the hypothesis, in which I argue that in Germany were made decisions that have an impact on its economic collapse and radicalization of society between the world wars already during the pre-war and wartime. I found that during the years 1871-1918 were introduced measures that in the long run lead to a weakening of the financial stability of the country. Thesis contributes to provide a comprehensive view of monetary policy, which led to one of the biggest hyperinflation in the history.
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Nation at war. Economic development of Great Britain during the Second World War (1939-1945).
Myšák, Lukáš ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
My bachelor thesis focuses on analysis of Great Britain economy in years 1939-1945. Great Britain with W. Churchill in charge was important world power in this time. In part one, author looks into beginnings of war economy and its implications. The turning point was 1941, when Great Britain is financially exhausted and there was Lend-Lease Act approved in the USA; part two of thesis analyse this law and its impacts on Great Britain. Third and the last part of work, which beside the analysis of the economy concentrates also on the political scene of Great Britain, culminating by analysis of turning general election in 1945, which were surprisingly won by left-wing party.
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War economy in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in 1938-1941
Weber, Jan ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee)
The subject of analysis will be one of the darkest periods in the history of the Czech lands for decades. This work is defined by years 1939 and 1941. Occupation and application of war economy by German dictatorial regime on disk space of Czech lands is a major milestone in the development of Czech economic system. In the first part, the work describes the politico-economic background and consequences Munich Agreement for then Czechoslovakia. Interpretation continuously follows by description of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, with a focus on the economic consequences. The main goal of the next section is description of specific changes in the process of transformation of the Czech economy from peaceful to command, where claiming the support of the German war campaign in World War II.
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Economy of Conflict: Case Study on the DRC
Adamovič, Ján ; Kváča, Vladimír (advisor) ; Pavlicová, Vendula (referee)
This study deals with the economic dimensions of the modern civil wars. These dimensions provide us with better understanding of the inner dynamics of civil wars. Main purpose is to show that economic life doesn`t stop to exist during war, nor is it totally destroyed. Rather it`s being transformed. This theoretical definition is then applied on the Second Congo War which emerged on the debris of Mobutu Sese Seko`s shadow state. The conflict in the DRC was highly concentrated on natural resources which consequently helped financing the war itself. When the war got into the militarily stalemate situation, fights went on owing to economic incentives to continue. The war in DRC changed life on each level of society. Although GDP per capital was drastically decreasing , economic life didn`t stop and transformed. For population it was rather constant copying with the war situation. These results have also implications for postconflict reconstruction.
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Development of ecomy of the United States of America during the Second World War
Kulhánek, Jan ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I focus on the development of economy of the United States of America during the Second World War (with special emphasis on aerospace industry). In the first part I would like to analyze the progression and plans for airplane production before the actual engagement of US in the war clash. The analysis of the steps and decisions which led the US to aid its Allies, is written in the next chapter. Especially the first war year for the US deserves increased attention. The construction and financial advancement of industry factories involved in the aerospace industry is analyzed in another chapter. Government participation in creating various agencies and institutions which took part in war production is covered in my bachelor thesis as well.
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German hyperinflation after World War I., its development and causes
Růžička, Tomáš ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis deals with German hyperinflation, which culminated in 1923. Some aspects of prior-war monetary and fiscal policy are mentioned in the introduction. The main subject of this thesis is focused on war economy and after-war period, identification of structural changes in the economy, which happened during this period, and it measures factors, which might directly or indirectly, caused inflations' origins. The goal of this thesis is analysis of impacts of governmental financial politics, analysis of influence of external factors and historical facts. German economy faced these historical facts and they subsequently influenced governmental politics during the whole period from the beginning of war till the end of hyperinflation and monetary reform in 1923. From the general view over the contemporary historical consequences and decisions of German government I am trying to identify direct and indirect causes of inflation and hyperinflation.
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