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Dikobraz ‚porcupine‘ and buvol ‚buffalo‘ 200 years after Presl – research in the present-day pronunciation of two common nouns
Štěpánová, Veronika ; Novák, J.
Within a scientific internship for high school students realized in 2021 in the Czech Language Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, besides other things, the current pronunciation usage of the expressions dikobraz ‚porcupine‘ and buvol ‚buffalo‘, both proposed by J. S. Presl as official Czech zoological terms, has been investigated. Both of these designations are remarkable from the phonetic point of view. In case of dikobraz, the existing monolingual dictionaries of Czech have so far admitted the pronunciation variants [dɪkobras] and [ɟɪkobras]. The analysis of sound records from the online archives of Czech public media has proved that the variant [ɟɪkobras], reflecting the etymological origin of this Russianism, has not appeared in a representative sample of both professional and non‑professional speakers. An informal survey has discovered that its occurrence would be surprising or disturbing for a majority of the users of Czech. On the other hand, in case of the second analysed expression buvol, it has been proved that more than one third of the investigated Czech speakers use the sound variant [buːvol], whereas no such sound (or graphical) variant is codified at present (however, J. S. Presl originally proposed a form written bůvol). The results of this research may serve also as important data for the arising Academic Dictionary of Contemporary Czech, for the Internet Language Reference Book etc.
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British VS. American English – A comparative study
Ohrazda, David ; Šťastná, Dagmar (referee) ; Sedláček, Pavel (advisor)
Tato bakalářská práce je zaměřena na porovnání rozdílů Britské a Americké angličtiny, dvou nejrozšířenějších variací anglického jazyka, který je po celém světě využíván ať už jako mateřský jazyk nebo vyučovaný druhý jazyk pro snazší mezinárodní komunikaci. Práce se stručně zabývá historií jazyka a následně rozebírá rozdíly v oblastech gramatiky, výslovnosti a slovníku s příklady dané problematiky. Práce rovněž pojednává o kulturních vlivech, které ovlivnily vývoj jazyka. Pro práci jsem použil knižní a internetové zdroje. Hlavním cílem bakalářské práce je poskytnout a ukázat jakým způsobem se jeden jazyk může lišit na základě odlišné národnosti.
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Program to support correct pronunciation of foreign languages
Malucha, Jan ; Kohl,, Ing, Zdeněk (referee) ; Sigmund, Milan (advisor)
The aim of the diploma thesis is the development of an autonomous program for checking and evaluating the pronunciation of a foreign language. Theoretical part includes a treatise on the history and importance of computer-assisted language teaching; it also contains a brief introduction to phonetics, phonology and pronunciation issues, as well as an introduction to speech signal processing with a focus on computational methods for pronunciation analysis. In the practical part, a search of currently widespread and available tools for pronunciation control was processed and a number of algorithms usable for its analysis were programmed. Some of the algorithms have been enclosed in a graphical user interface as a basic prototype of a functional program to support pronunciation. The achieved results and the direction of further development are discussed in the conclusion.
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A Comparative Study of English as a Lingua Franca in International Corporations
Juráň, Vilém ; Šťastná, Dagmar (referee) ; Langerová, Petra (advisor)
Angličtina je dnes jednoznačně nejpoužívanějším jazykem v rámci mezinárodních styků. Tato práce se zabývá důležitými jazykovými problémy, které vznikají v mezinárodních společnostech, ve kterých je angličtina Lingua Franca. V práci jsou analyzována specifická jazyková témata jako výslovnost a idiomatické vazby. Cílem této práce je nabídnout možnosti, jak lze tuto komunikaci zefektivnit. Přináší bližší pohled na použití jazyka prostřednictvím poznatků získaných ve společnosti BMW UK.
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Singing and chosen musical instruments as means for speech development and correct pronunciation in kindergarden
TRNKOVÁ, Denisa
In my bachelor thesis, I deal with singing and selected musical instruments for speech development and correct pronunciation in kindergarten. I dealt with music education in kindergarten, both from the point of view of teacher preparation in kindergarten, and various issues that can accompany kindergarten children in this field. For this reason, I tried to combine speech and pronunciation with music education, because in this age category, correct speech and pronunciation are the basis for functional future communication. Furthermore, in my bachelor thesis there is a weekly plan where I try to involve music education as a means of better speech and pronunciation of individual letters. I chose letters with which children tend to have a majority problem.
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The Culture of Spoken Speech by Czech Radio Announcers and Moderators
HOUFOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor's thesis deals with the culture of the speech of announcers and moderators in the environment of the public-law institution Czech Radio. The theoretical part of the work is focused on the most important tool of radio speakers, i.e. language in its spoken form, and describes how its role is changing in today's society and how it differs from written language. The thesis also deals with the general principles of media functioning in the Czech Republic, closer attention is paid to Czech Radio. The conclusion of the theoretical part of the work deals with valid orthoepic, lexical, morphological and stylistic principles. The practical part of the work tries to answer the question of whether the expressions appearing in them are in accordance with the standards binding for public communication, using the linguistic analysis of the radio programs of the Czech Radio. The questionnaire survey introduces the attitude of society to radio broadcasting.
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Czech language as a foreign language for German native speakers
BREDOVÁ, Blanka
The topic of this diploma work is Czech language as a foreign language for German native speakers focused on pronunciation and listening comprehension. The problem is in both cases based on a theoretical level. This is continued with practical part including pronunciation analysis of the main mistakes in pronunciation of Czech made by German native speakers, the instructions for correct pronunciation and a short set of exercises. In the part concerning listening comprehension there are texts and exercises chosen and made according to European referential frame for languages for levels A1, A2 and B1. This part also includes work with the Czech film Kolja on DVD in teaching Czech to German native speakers. The film is used as a starting point to practising speaking skills, especially listening comprehension. In all cases there is a description of the teaching process supplemented with a recording of example pronunciation and listening comprehension. All the information found when working on this topic can be used in teaching Czech language not only to German native speakers and the exercises prepared may be used to practising pronunciation and listening comprehension.
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British VS. American English – A comparative study
Ohrazda, David ; Šťastná, Dagmar (referee) ; Sedláček, Pavel (advisor)
Tato bakalářská práce je zaměřena na porovnání rozdílů Britské a Americké angličtiny, dvou nejrozšířenějších variací anglického jazyka, který je po celém světě využíván ať už jako mateřský jazyk nebo vyučovaný druhý jazyk pro snazší mezinárodní komunikaci. Práce se stručně zabývá historií jazyka a následně rozebírá rozdíly v oblastech gramatiky, výslovnosti a slovníku s příklady dané problematiky. Práce rovněž pojednává o kulturních vlivech, které ovlivnily vývoj jazyka. Pro práci jsem použil knižní a internetové zdroje. Hlavním cílem bakalářské práce je poskytnout a ukázat jakým způsobem se jeden jazyk může lišit na základě odlišné národnosti.
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