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Strategie prevence vzniku a třídění využitelných složek komunálního odpadu na obecní úrovni a formování trhu s vytříděnými surovinami v České republice
Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, IEEP, Institut pro ekonomickou a ekologickou politiku při FNH ; Vrbová, Martina ; Slavík, Jan ; Pavel, Jan ; Měchura, Petr ; Kotoulová, Zdenka ; Horák, Miroslav ; Hadrabová, Alena ; Gellenbeck, Klaus
Stručné shrnutí výsledků projektu. Kvantitavního výzkumu u zpracovatelů odpadu v České republice. Krize na trhu druhotných surovin a její příčiny. Hospodárnost a účinnost plateb za komunální odpad. Ekonomika tříděného sběru. Modely plateb za komunální odpad ve vybraných obcích. Stěžejní výsledky jsou shrnuty v publikovaných materiálech, které zpráva cituje.
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Identifikace prevenčního potenciálu živnostenských odpadů v ČR a jeho uplatnění v praxi: Komunální a podobné odpady
Ing. Bohumil Černík - ENZO, Praha ; SLEEKO Zdenka KOTOULOVÁ, Ing. , Praha ; Slavík, Jan ; Havránková, Věra ; Černík, Bohumil ; Kotoulová, Zdenka ; Benešová, Libuše
Publikace shrnuje nejnovější výsledky výzkumu v oblasti komunálních odpadů. Přináší definici pojmů a shrnuje právní rámec pro nakládání s komunálními odpady. Přináší i pohled do historie nakládání s komunálními odpady na našem území. Jsou popsány vlastnosti komunálních odpadů a zároveň je diskutován jejich možný vývoj, stejně jako technické a technologické trendy. Jsou popsány ekonomické nástroje, které podporují materiálové toky odpadů a jejich využívání. Odpad je v této publikaci chápán jako součást materiálového cyklu, který je zcela určitě podřízen tržním silám, a proto není důvod podřizovat odpady jiným principů a direktivně regulovat jejich toky.
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Identifikace prevenčního potenciálu živnostenských odpadů v ČR a jeho uplatnění v praxi: Komunální a podobné odpady
ENZO, Praha ; SLEEKO Zdenka KOTOULOVÁ, Ing. , Praha ; Narešová, Karolína ; Doležalová, Markéta ; Slavík, Jan ; Havránková, Věra ; Černík, Bohumil ; Kotoulová, Zdenka ; Benešová, Libuše
Publikace shrnuje nejnovější výsledky výzkumu v oblasti komunálních odpadů. Přináší definici pojmů a shrnuje právní rámec pro nakládání s komunálními odpady. Přináší i pohled do historie nakládání s komunálními odpady na našem území. Jsou popsány vlastnosti komunálních odpadů a zároveň je diskutován jejich možný vývoj, stejně jako technické a technologické trendy. Jsou popsány ekonomické nástroje, které podporují materiálové toky odpadů a jejich využívání. Odpad je v této publikaci chápán jako součást materiálového cyklu, který je zcela určitě podřízen tržním silám, a proto není důvod podřizovat odpady jiným principů a direktivně regulovat jejich toky.
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Analysis of investment policy in case of re-building and reconstruction of the CWTP in Prague in context of European grant
Večerník, Jakub ; Vojáček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Slavík, Jan (referee)
The Reconstruction of the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Prague constitutes a fundamental challenge for the Czech capital city of Prague. The existing wastewater treatment plant is obsolete and fails to comply with limits set forth by the Council Directive 91/271/EEC concerning urban waste-water treatment. Thus, it is necessary to build a new waterline and reconstruct the old one. As such a project would be financially demanding, its implementation is dependent upon a subsidy from the EU Operational Programme "Environment". There are also more variants of the reconstruction of the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Prague. In the thesis, the author compares the contemplated options of re-building and reconstruction of the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Prague. He also examines the influence of negotiations with European Commission representatives and of the amount of the subsidy upon the choice of the final option. A hypothesis of the study is that due to the subsidy policy creates pressure on the final form of the reconstruction of the Prague Central Wastewater Treatment Plant, which directly interact its economic efficiency.
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Financing of municipalitie´s public services with regard to demographic changes - case study of waste management in Karvina city in years 2007 - 2011.
Marcol, Aleš ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thehis is focused on the financing of public services in municipalities in the Czech Republic related to demographic changes, which take place in the Czech Republic. As is generally known, population in the Czech Republic ages. But the aging is only one of the factors influencing the demographics. The goal is to assess the impact of demographic changes on municipal expenditures associated mainly with municipal waste management, but also to the overall municipal relationship to the environment. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the public municipal services and demographics in the Czech Republic in time and also deals with the system of financing these services, whether the municipality's own resources, e. g. the property taxes, or other funds from the state budget or from the EU funds. The second, practical part, is formed as a case study including specific data from specific municipality. It contains detailed information about municipality's waste management and about population growth in Karvina city during the specific time period.
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Effectiveness of textile waste management
Dolejší, Gabriela ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Kotoulová, Zdeňka (referee)
The purpose of this master thesis is to address two main ways of dealing with used textile material in Czech Republic. It compares textile material as a component of a household waste with textile material as a component of a segregated waste. The main question that the thesis and the research done within it addresses is whether the costs, associated with textile waste management coming as the result of administrative tools and legislative action plans mounted to it, are not too high. Based on a calculated model of cost structure of both above mentioned variants their comparison could be performed. Analysis of its results pointed out, that under certain given conditions and assumptions the system of segregated waste collection is, despite its higher costs, effective. The outcome of this master thesis is proposed possible scenarios used to optimize textile waste management in the context of economic science methodology, available data and primary research questions.
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Evaluation of policy objectives in the management of biodegradable municipal waste in terms of efficiency
Mareš, Josef ; Vejchodská, Eliška (advisor) ; Slavík, Jan (referee)
The work deals with the critical assessment of the requirement of Council Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste for a gradual reduction in landfilling of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW). The aim of this work was to evaluate this requirement in terms of economic efficiency using the meta-analysis of selected complex studies based on cost-benefit analysis. Studies focused on natural and technical parameters and available specific data for Czech Republic of particular ways of processing BMW were also used for finding of private and social costs and benefits balance. Based on the results of this balance is not possible to decide whether fulfillment of the requirement will increase economic efficiency. Results are calculated from large number of input values, some of which shows significant variability. Oxidation rate of uncaptured CH4 in the process of landfilling BMW is characteristic example. This parameter varies between values 10 % and 90 %. While for value 10 % would separate collection of biowastes and its composting presented option with higher economic efficiency, for value 90 % is the result opposite.
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CSR as an effective tool in (not only) environmental issues
Škarda, Jakub ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
Diploma thesis is aimed on theoretical analyse of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and shows how it works in real life. Results of my study case (Patagonia) illustrate, that if the firms deal with the CSR in appropriate way, it can help to improve economic situation of the firm, it can also find some solutions in environmental crisis and improve social life of communities as well. This voluntary, inexpensive and effective instrument is compared with actions of public sphere in environmental protection. I analysed risks and cost efficiency of Kyoto protocol and biofuels and my results are, that these public actions on supranational level are costly, sometimes even purposeless, ineffective and risky from the point of view of economic school Public Choice.
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Kaizl versus Bráf. Economic liberalism versus economic nationalism in Czech lands at the turn of the 19th and 20th century?
Slavík, Jan ; Soběhart, Radek (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The bachelor thesis, called "Kaizl versus Bráf. Economic liberalism versus economic nationalism in Czech lands at the turn of the 19th and 20th century?", concerns with economic nationalism in Czech lands and understands it as a definite kind of protectionism. The thesis wants to prove that economic nationalism is aimed only at restriction of competition and for achieve this aim is used national question. The opposite of this interpreted economic nationalism is liberal theory, which gradually disproves with its arguments all the ideas, on which stands economic nationalism. I support my thesis with economic thinking of two important Czech national economists from the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th century, who often devoted to questions of protective measures and liberalism in their works.
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Factors affecting farmers' decisions to realize organic farming
Voráčková, Michaela ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Louda, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to identify the main factors that affect farmers' decisions to convert from conventional farming to organic farming. Currently, organic farming and organic products are highly popularized because they represent one of the ways of achieving a sustainable development of human society and environment. Thus, many developed countries, including the Czech Republic, support the development of organic farming. On the demand side, this is achieved by information and promotional campaigns. On the supply side, developed countries create conditions for certified organic farming systems. Organic farming subsidies are used as a compensation of the increased expenditure resulting from organic farming as compared to conventional farming. In the Czech Republic, the numbers of organic farms are still increasing. However, many questions remain to be answered. What are the incentives influencing the farmers' choices for organic farming? Are organic farmers propelled by the desire to produce healthy food and to contribute to the protection of the environment? Or are they predominantly motivated by economic factors, namely by the subsidies? In order to answer these questions, the author of the diploma thesis conducted a questionnaire survey among Czech organic farmers. The analysis of the survey provided a number of interesting findings. In particular, it can be concluded that the subsidies as an economic motivation factor influenced the farmers' choices for the organic farming. Yet, the noneconomic factors played even more significant role in the farmers' motivations than the subsidies. The most indicated noneconomic factor are an effort to live more in harmony with nature, to personally contribute to the protection of the environment, to avoid the use of chemicals or to produce healthy and quality food.
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