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Rousseau and his Influence on the French Revolution
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The "rigorózní" thesis focuses on the evaluation of Rousseau's legacy. It is based on the confrontation of two adverse pictures of his ideas. The first image sees Rousseau as a thinker who prepared with his original concepts fertile ground for diverse undemocratic regimes and ideologies. These always declare their allegiance to the loftiest ideals but only to perpetrate the biggest crimes and to deprive people of their liberty. The second image sees in Rousseau an uncompromising critic of social injustice who saw the only possibility for redemption in liberty and equality. In this case he was one of the most important thinkers who inspired people on the road to the victory of democracy and an author whose original ideas still keep to inspire and to fascinate. I argue in favor of the second picture. Rousseau's critique of the moral crisis is based on the disunity of modern social man. This disunity stems from the incessant conflict between our natural nature and the social state. Rousseau saw the only solution in the adaptation of the original nature to the new social state. This can be achieved only through an affective bond to a political whole. Just so can man keep his liberty which represents the basic value of his existence. In society it is no more a case of absolute freedom but of conscious obedience...
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Human nature as a source of moral behaviour according to Jean Jacques Rousseau
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the emphasis Rousseau put on human nature. It represents for him the solution of moral depravity and deformed social conditions, which were caused by the abandonment of the state of nature and the entering of the social state. While man in the state of nature satisfies all his needs by himself and his own powers, this equilibrium is in the social state disturbed. Continually growing interests and resulting needs breed human interdependency. The originally independent, strong and free man became a dependent and week slave. This progress caused that man lost the contact with nature and began justifying his conduct on fallacious, false and mendacious grounds. Because Rousseau believed that the social and technical progress was part of the moral distortion he could not accept the traditional solution of the Enlightenment consisting in the growth of the human knowledge and improvement of reason. His solution lied rather in the recovery of contact with nature. This very effort to overcome the moral depravity and base our conduct again on the original naturalness was to make our conduct moral. Rousseau came with two solutions. The first involved the society governed by the general will, the second involved the individual education of an individual undisturbed by moral depravity. At...
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Why do graduates of the Faculty of Philosophy and Arts at the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen perform better on the labour market than their colleagues at the Faculty of Philosophy and Arts at the University of Pardubice?
Pravda, Petr ; Kokeš, Richard (advisor) ; Pýchová, Silvie (referee)
The thesis concerns the causes why do graduates of the Faculty of Philosophy and Arts at the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen perform better on the labour market than their colleagues at the Faculty of Philosophy and Arts at the University of Pardubice. The thesis tries to find out what factors it is caused by. It wants to contribute to identify the appropriate measures to improve the employability of the humanities graduates. We distinguish between external and internal factors. The selection of all factors is explained and justified in detail. External factors are labour market segmentation and regional labour market situation. Internal factors are prestige of the college, professional experience while studying, extent of emphasis on soft skills in teaching and range of career counselling. The thesis is two case studies and its goal is to offer a profound and comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon being researched. Structured interviews with employees of career centres of the University of Pardubice and the University of West Bohemia were utilised. However, the basis of the thesis is the study duties analysis of the students at these faculties. Comparing between two faculties that belong to different universities is rather complex and unusual in the Czech Republic. The thesis has...
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From mass party to catch-all party?
Pravda, Petr ; Polášek, Martin (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
This thesis concerns the Czechoslovak Social Democracy in the 1930's and 1940's. Its aim is to investigate whether the Social Democratic Party in the Third Republic moved from a mass party towards being a catch-all party. It investigates whether the move was in line with Otto Kirchheimer's theory. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is theoretically orientated. It analyzes how and why there was a move from a mass party towards a catch-all party. It also contains in which areas the change occured and how it occured. The second part focuses on whether the Social Democratic Party in the First Republic can be considered in the typology of political parties as a mass party. There is a conclusion that we can call it a mass party. The third part analyzes if the Social Democratic Party in the Third Republic moved from being a mass party to a catch-all party. The conclusion is that this happened. The final part is dedicated to whether the Social Democratic Party in the Third Republic moved closer to being a catch-all party in line with Otto Kirchheimer's theory. This part concludes that it was in line with this theory.
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Comparison of program and politics of Czechoslovakian national socialist party and Czechoslovakian social democratic party in years 1945-1948
Pravda, Petr ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Doubek, Vratislav (referee)
This text is focused on the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party and the Czechoslovak Social Democracy in the period of the Third Republic. The objective is to find out why these two socialist parties did not cooperate with each other during that era. The thesis is divided in four chapters. The first chapter describes how those two parties dealt with the Munich Agreement and their activity during the Second World War. The second chapter refers to their restoration after the liberation. The third chapter deals with the election in 1946, how its relults influenced the activity of those parties. The last chapter analyses the reasons, why the socialist parties did not manage to face together the arrival of the Communists at the absolute power.
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Rousseau and his Influence on the French Revolution
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The "rigorózní" thesis focuses on the evaluation of Rousseau's legacy. It is based on the confrontation of two adverse pictures of his ideas. The first image sees Rousseau as a thinker who prepared with his original concepts fertile ground for diverse undemocratic regimes and ideologies. These always declare their allegiance to the loftiest ideals but only to perpetrate the biggest crimes and to deprive people of their liberty. The second image sees in Rousseau an uncompromising critic of social injustice who saw the only possibility for redemption in liberty and equality. In this case he was one of the most important thinkers who inspired people on the road to the victory of democracy and an author whose original ideas still keep to inspire and to fascinate. I argue in favor of the second picture. Rousseau's critique of the moral crisis is based on the disunity of modern social man. This disunity stems from the incessant conflict between our natural nature and the social state. Rousseau saw the only solution in the adaptation of the original nature to the new social state. This can be achieved only through an affective bond to a political whole. Just so can man keep his liberty which represents the basic value of his existence. In society it is no more a case of absolute freedom but of conscious obedience...
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Rousseau and his Influnce on the French Revolution
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
The graduation thesis focuses on the evaluation of Rousseau's legacy. It is based on the confrontation of two adverse pictures of his ideas. The first image sees Rousseau as a thinker who prepared with his original concepts fertile ground for diverse undemocratic regimes and ideologies. These always declare their allegiance to the loftiest ideals but only to perpetrate the biggest crimes and to deprive people of their liberty. The second image sees in Rousseau an uncompromising critic of social injustice who saw the only possibility for redemption in liberty and equality. In this case he was one of the most important thinkers who inspired people on the road to the victory of democracy and an author whose original ideas still keep to inspire and to fascinate. I argue in favor of the second picture. Rousseau's critique of the moral crisis is based on the disunity of modern social man. This disunity stems from the incessant conflict between our natural nature and the social state. Rousseau saw the only solution in the adaptation of the original nature to the new social state. This can be achieved only through an affective bond to a political whole. Just so can man keep his liberty which represents the basic value of his existence. In society it is no more a case of absolute freedom but of conscious obedience...
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Human nature as a source of moral behaviour according to Jean Jacques Rousseau
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the emphasis Rousseau put on human nature. It represents for him the solution of moral depravity and deformed social conditions, which were caused by the abandonment of the state of nature and the entering of the social state. While man in the state of nature satisfies all his needs by himself and his own powers, this equilibrium is in the social state disturbed. Continually growing interests and resulting needs breed human interdependency. The originally independent, strong and free man became a dependent and week slave. This progress caused that man lost the contact with nature and began justifying his conduct on fallacious, false and mendacious grounds. Because Rousseau believed that the social and technical progress was part of the moral distortion he could not accept the traditional solution of the Enlightenment consisting in the growth of the human knowledge and improvement of reason. His solution lied rather in the recovery of contact with nature. This very effort to overcome the moral depravity and base our conduct again on the original naturalness was to make our conduct moral. Rousseau came with two solutions. The first involved the society governed by the general will, the second involved the individual education of an individual undisturbed by moral depravity. At...
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